Lityum Heksa Floro Fosfat, Lithium Hexafluorophosphate, Lithium Hexa Fluoro Phosphate, Lithium Phosphorus Fluoride, 21324‑40‑3

Lityum Heksa Floro Fosfat, Lithium Hexafluorophosphate, Lithium Hexa Fluoro Phosphate, Lithium Phosphorus Fluoride, 21324‑40‑3

LITHIUM HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE (LIPF₆)
LITHIUM HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE / LITHIUM SALT OF HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHORIC ACID
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

2. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
2.1. Molecular Structure
Lithium hexafluorophosphate is an inorganic salt composed of lithium and hexafluorophosphate anion. Lithium ions (Li⁺) and hexafluorophosphate anions (PF₆⁻) are present in a 1:1 ratio. It has an ionic crystal structure in solid state. It is the most commonly used electrolyte salt in lithium-ion batteries. It is highly hygroscopic; upon contact with moisture, it rapidly hydrolyzes releasing hydrofluoric acid (HF).

Structural Features:

                    LITHIUM HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE [LiPF₆]
                          |
                Li⁺ - PF₆⁻ Ionic Bonds
                          |
        +----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |
    Hygroscopic       Lithium-Ion      Hydrolysis
    Crystal           Battery          with Moisture
    Structure         Electrolyte     (HF Formation)

2.2. Structural Properties

3. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

4. PURITY GRADES

5. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

5.1. Chemical Reactions

• Hydrolysis (with Moisture):
  LiPF₆ + H₂O → LiF + POF₃ + 2HF
  LiPF₆ + 2H₂O → LiF + H₂PO₄ + 5HF

• Thermal Decomposition (~200°C):
  LiPF₆ → LiF + PF₅↑

• Reaction with Alkali:
  LiPF₆ + 4NaOH → LiOH + NaF + Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O

6. APPLICATION AREAS
6.1. Energy Storage (Lithium-Ion Batteries)

6.2. Electronic Devices

6.3. Research and Development

6.4. Sectoral Suitability Table

7. PRODUCTION PROCESS

7.1. Major Producing Countries

8. ALTERNATIVE / SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1. GHS Classification

Signal Word: DANGER

Hazard Pictograms: GHS06 (Toxic), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

10. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

11. FIRST AID MEASURES

12. STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

13. PACKAGING OPTIONS

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

15. REGULATORY STATUS

16. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

17. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

18. CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• High Hygroscopicity: LiPF₆ has very high moisture absorption capacity. When exposed to air, it rapidly absorbs moisture, hydrolyzes, and releases toxic HF (hydrofluoric acid) gas. Must only be handled under inert atmosphere (Argon or Nitrogen).

• HF Formation: HF generated by hydrolysis is extremely corrosive and toxic. Exposure can cause severe burns, respiratory damage, and death.

• Thermal Decomposition: Decomposes above ~200°C releasing toxic PF₅ gas.

• Contact with Water: Reacts violently with water. Do not use water for fire extinguishing.

• Storage: Must be stored under inert atmosphere, dry and cool conditions. Stainless steel or PTFE-lined containers must be used.

• Battery Grade Purity: Lithium-ion battery applications require ≥99.9% purity. Impurities (especially water and acid) adversely affect battery performance and lifetime.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Storage:

  • Store under inert atmosphere (Argon or Nitrogen), dry and cool conditions (15-25°C).

  • Use stainless steel or PTFE-lined, tightly sealed containers.

  • Must be completely isolated from moisture and air.

  • Glovebox or dry room (dew point < -40°C) is required.

• Handling:

  • Use only under inert atmosphere (Argon or Nitrogen), in glovebox or dry room.

  • Use a dust mask (P3 filter), chemically resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), protective goggles, and face shield.

  • Avoid dust formation and inhalation.

  • Wash hands and equipment thoroughly after use.

  • Do not allow contact with water or moisture.

  • Keep calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide for HF neutralization.

• Waste Management:

  • Dispose of in accordance with local regulations at licensed disposal facilities.

  • Do not discharge into water sources.

  • Take precautions against HF formation during waste treatment.

LEGAL DISCLAIMER
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Lithium hexafluorophosphate is a critical electrolyte salt in lithium-ion batteries; due to high hygroscopicity and HF formation, it must be handled with extreme care and stored and used under inert atmosphere.