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Send EmailZinc Citrate, Trizinc Citrate, Trizinc Dihydrate, Trizinc Trihydrate, 546-46-3
ZINC CITRATE – ÇİNKO SİTRAT
CAS Number: 546-46-3
EC Number (EINECS): 208-901-2
Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₁₀O₁₄Zn₃
Molecular Weight: 574.37 g/mol
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | Trizinc 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
| Other Names | Zinc Citrate, Trizinc Citrate, Citric Acid Zinc Salt, Trizinc Dihydrate, Trizinc Trihydrate |
| Chemical Formula | C₁₂H₁₀O₁₄Zn₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 574.37 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 546-46-3 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 208-901-2 |
| Chemical Class | Organic zinc salt (citrate) |
| Appearance | White, fine powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (powder) |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White, fine powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molecular Weight | 574.37 g/mol |
| Zinc Content | ~31% (theoretical) |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | Low (practically insoluble) |
| Solubility in Dilute Acids | Soluble (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid) |
| Solubility in Alkaline Hydroxides | Soluble (Ca(OH)₂, Mg(OH)₂) |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Insoluble |
| pH (suspension) | ~6.0 – 7.0 (neutral) |
| Density | ~1.7 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | > 300°C (decomposes) |
SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₁₂H₁₀O₁₄Zn₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 574.37 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Organic zinc salt (citrate) |
| Structure | Trizinc salt of citric acid |
| Zinc Content | ~31% (by weight) |
| Hydration Forms | Dihydrate (2 H₂O), Trihydrate (3 H₂O) |
| SMILES | [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].O=C([O-])CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O |
| Stability | Stable under normal storage conditions |
| Hygroscopicity | Low |
Chemical Structure:
CH₂-COO⁻
|
HO-C-COO⁻ Zn²⁺ (x3)
|
CH₂-COO⁻
(Trizinc Citrate)
SECTION 4: HYDRATION FORMS
| Form | Description |
|---|---|
| Dihydrate | Contains 2 water molecules per molecule |
| Trihydrate | Contains 3 water molecules per molecule |
| Anhydrous | Water-free form (rare) |
SECTION 5: SOLUBILITY AND COMPARISON
| Compound | Water Solubility | Zinc Content | Bioavailability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Citrate | Low | ~31% | Moderate |
| Zinc Gluconate | High | ~14% | High |
| Zinc Oxide | Very Low | ~80% | Low |
| Zinc Sulfate | High | ~22% | High |
| Zinc Picolinate | Moderate | ~21% | High |
SECTION 6: BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND MECHANISM
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Essential Mineral | Cannot be synthesized by the human body; must be obtained from external sources |
| Immune System | Critical for T-lymphocyte activation and immune cell function |
| Metabolic Functions | DNA and RNA synthesis, cell division, growth |
| Enzyme Cofactor | Cofactor for more than 300 enzymes |
| Skin Health | Highest concentration of zinc in the body is found in the skin |
| Bone Health | Required for bone mineralization and density |
| Reproductive Functions | Important for fertility and reproductive health |
| Wound Healing | Involved in cell proliferation and tissue repair |
SECTION 7: APPLICATION AREAS
7.1. Dietary Supplements
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Tablets and Capsules | Widely used as zinc supplement |
| Multivitamin Formulations | Zinc source in mineral complexes |
| Immune Support Products | Against colds and infections |
| Sports Supplements | Replaces zinc lost through sweating |
7.2. Pharmaceutical Applications
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Throat Lozenges | To reduce cold symptoms |
| Anti-inflammatory Drugs | Immune system supporting raw material |
| Topical Preparations | Wound healing and skin protection |
7.3. Oral and Dental Health
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Toothpastes | As anti-plaque agent |
| Mouthwashes | Antibacterial properties |
| Chewing Gum | Oral health support |
7.4. Cosmetic and Personal Care
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Creams and Lotions | As antibacterial agent |
| Skin Care Products | Skin health support |
| Sunscreens | Mineral filter (with zinc oxide) |
SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White, fine powder |
| Identification | Positive (Zinc and Citrate tests) |
| Zinc Content (Assay) | 30.0 – 31.5% |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 2.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.5% |
| Chlorides (Cl) | ≤ 0.01% |
| Sulfates (SO₄) | ≤ 0.01% |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 3 ppm |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 3 ppm |
| Mercury (Hg) | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Organic Solvents | Within appropriate limits |
SECTION 9: MICROBIOLOGICAL SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria | ≤ 1,000 CFU/g |
| Yeast and Mold | ≤ 100 CFU/g |
| Salmonella spp. | Negative in 25g |
| Escherichia coli | Negative in 10g |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Negative in 1g |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Negative in 1g |
SECTION 10: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool (15-25°C), dry, well-ventilated area |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, original packaging |
| Protect From | Moisture, strong acids, strong bases |
| Shelf Life | 24-60 months (unopened original packaging) |
SECTION 11: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| PE-lined kraft paper bag | 25 kg | Kraft paper + PE |
| Plastic pail | 20-25 kg | HDPE |
| Aluminum foil bag | 1-5 kg | Laminated aluminum |
| Big-Bag | 500-1000 kg | Polypropylene |
SECTION 12: SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION
GHS Classification (Bulk Powder)
| Hazard Class | Category |
|---|---|
| Acute Toxicity (Oral) | Category 4 (H302) |
| Skin Irritation | Category 2 (H315) |
| Eye Irritation | Category 2A (H319) |
| Aquatic Toxicity (Chronic) | Category 2 (H411) |
Hazard Statements (H-Codes)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
Precautionary Statements (P-Codes)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/eye protection |
| P301+P312 | IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor if you feel unwell |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing |
SECTION 13: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Oral LD50 (Rat) | > 2,000 mg/kg |
| ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) | 0-1.0 mg/kg bw/day (JECFA) |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Negative in standard tests |
| Reproductive Toxicity | No evidence of adverse effects |
| FDA GRAS | 21 CFR 182.5985 (zinc salts) |
SECTION 14: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air. If respiratory irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. |
SECTION 15: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Approved as food supplement |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS (21 CFR 182.5985) |
| Turkey | Approved (Turkish Food Codex) |
| JECFA (FAO/WHO) | Approved; ADI: 0-1.0 mg/kg bw/day |
| EFSA | Approved as zinc source |
SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (not dangerous goods) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG Code | Not regulated |
| IATA (Air) | Not regulated |
| Marine Pollutant | Yes (H411) |
SECTION 17: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Non-combustible (organic salt) |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray (mist), CO₂, dry chemical powder |
| Specific Hazards | When heated, emits zinc oxide fumes, CO, CO₂ |
| Decomposition Products | ZnO, CO, CO₂ |
| Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
SECTION 18: ACCIDENTAL SPILLAGE AND CLEANUP
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Personal Protection | Nitrile gloves, protective goggles, dust mask (N95) |
| Cleaning Methods | Collect mechanically (sweep or spatula) |
| Environmental Precautions | Prevent entry into drains, soil, and surface waters |
| Waste Disposal | According to local regulations; landfilling at licensed facilities |
SECTION 19: ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable |
| Aquatic Toxicity | Moderate toxicity |
| Bioaccumulation | Not expected |
| Waste Disposal | Dispose according to local regulations |
SECTION 20: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Çinko Sitrat, Trizink Sitrat, Çinko Sitrat Dihidrat, Çinko Sitrat Trihidrat |
| English Names | Zinc Citrate, Trizinc Citrate, Trizinc Dihydrate, Trizinc Trihydrate |
| Chemical Names | 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, zinc salt |
| CAS Number | 546-46-3 |
| EC Number | 208-901-2 |
SECTION 21: SUMMARY AND CRITICAL NOTES
Product Summary
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Zinc Citrate |
| CAS Number | 546-46-3 |
| Appearance | White, fine powder |
| Molecular Weight | 574.37 g/mol |
| Zinc Content | ~31% |
| Primary Function | Zinc supplement, mineral source |
Critical Notes
-
High Zinc Content: Zinc citrate has one of the highest zinc contents (~31%) among zinc salts.
-
Low Water Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in dilute acids and alkaline hydroxides.
-
Hydration Forms: Available in dihydrate and trihydrate forms.
-
Bioavailability: Despite low solubility, citrate form is well-tolerated and provides moderate bioavailability.
-
Immune System: Zinc is essential for immune system function.
-
Dietary Supplements: Widely used in tablet, capsule, and lozenge forms.
-
Oral and Dental Health: Used in toothpastes and mouthwashes as anti-plaque agent.
-
Cosmetics: Used as antibacterial agent in skin care products.
-
Comparison: Lower solubility than gluconate and picolinate, but higher zinc content.
-
Regulatory Status: Approved by FDA (GRAS), JECFA, and Turkish Food Codex.
IMPORTANT DECLARATION: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is responsible for determining the product's suitability for their specific application and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, transport, waste, and regulatory compliance information, refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. This document does not replace medical advice.
