Zinc Bromide, Zinc Dibromide, Zinc Bromide Anhydrous, Zinc Bromide Solution, 7699-45-8

ZINC BROMIDE (ZnBr₂)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

        Br⁻
         |
    Zn²⁺ — Br⁻

    Zinc Bromide (ZnBr₂)
    Ionic Structure

Molecular Formula: ZnBr₂
SMILES: [Zn+2].[Br-].[Br-]
InChI: InChI=1S/2BrH.Zn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
Crystal System: Hexagonal (Anhydrous)
Synonyms: Zinc Dibromide, Zinc(II) Bromide, Zinc Bromide Anhydrous

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: ZINC BROMIDE FORMS AND GRADES

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method A: Direct Synthesis from Elements (High Purity)

• Reaction: Zn (Solid) + Br₂ (Liquid/Vapor) → ZnBr₂ (Solid)

• Description: Metallic zinc is reacted directly with bromine vapor in an inert atmosphere or aqueous medium; The solution is evaporated and dehydration is applied to obtain anhydrous powder; Used especially for high purity applications such as Nuclear/Optical Grade

Method B: Hydrobromic Acid Route (Industrial/Technical Grade)

• Reaction: ZnO (Zinc Oxide) + 2HBr (Hydrobromic Acid) → ZnBr₂ + H₂O

• Description: Zinc oxide (or zinc carbonate) is dissolved in hydrobromic acid; The resulting solution is filtered, concentrated by evaporation; Dried under vacuum at high temperature to remove all water of crystallization; Most commonly used method for large-scale production

Method C: By-product Recovery

• Process: Obtained from organic bromination reactions where zinc bromide is used as a catalyst; The spent catalyst solution is purified and dried

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

Zinc Bromide Anhydrous Technical (Powder)

Zinc Bromide Solution (77% w/w - Nuclear/Optical Grade)

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Signal Word: DANGER

Hazard Pictograms: GHS05 (Corrosion), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Causes serious eye damage (H318). Corrosive. Eye protection is MANDATORY.

• Causes skin irritation (H315). Avoid skin contact. Use protective gloves.

• Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects (H411). Prevent environmental release.

• Highly hygroscopic (powder). Absorbs moisture from air. Protect from moisture.

• Acidic (pH 3.0-5.5). Handle with care; Do not contact with metals (aluminum, carbon steel).

• Non-combustible but decomposes at high temperatures releasing toxic bromine fumes.

• Solution has high density. Heavy weight damage risk in case of spillage.

• Corrosive. Store in stainless steel, HDPE or glass containers.

• IF SWALLOWED: DO NOT induce vomiting. Get immediate medical attention.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Oil & Gas Drilling: Use as weighting agent in high-density completion fluids; Does not damage formation compared to solids-containing muds; Maximum density 19.2 lb/gal; Solution form has very low crystallization point.

• Nuclear Radiation Windows: Use in hot cell windows for gamma radiation shielding; Provides more protection at thinner sections compared to lead glass; Use optical grade solution (77% w/w).

• Chemical Synthesis: Use as Lewis acid catalyst; Convert epoxides to allylic alcohols; In situ electrophilic bromine production with H₂O₂; Use high-purity anhydrous powder.

• Zinc-Bromine Flow Batteries: Use as electrolyte component in large-scale grid energy storage systems; Source of Zn²⁺ and Br⁻ ions; Add quaternary ammonium salts as bromine complexing agents.

• Handling (Powder): Use in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods; Avoid dust generation; Wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective goggles, face shield, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Handling (Solution): Use in stainless steel, HDPE or glass containers; Do not contact with metals; Take precautions against spillage (high density).

• Personal Protective Equipment: Wear impermeable gloves (nitrile, neoprene, butyl), chemical safety goggles, full-face shield, protective clothing, and NIOSH-approved dust mask/respirator.

• Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not take contaminated working clothes home; Shower at the end of the work shift.

• Storage (Powder): Store in tightly closed, dry containers; Protect from moisture; Keep away from acids and oxidizing agents.

• Storage (Solution): Store in stainless steel, HDPE or glass containers; Do not contact with aluminum and carbon steel; Keep container tightly closed.

• Spill Response: Avoid raising dust; Wear full PPE; Absorb spill with inert material; Place in closed containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Do not discharge into sewers or water sources; Zinc bromide is regulated as hazardous waste.

FORMULATION RECIPES:

Oil Drilling (17.0 lb/gal Completion Fluid):

• Zinc Bromide (anhydrous basis): 45-50% by weight

• Calcium Bromide (CaBr₂): 15-20% by weight (to lower crystallization temperature)

• Water: Remainder

• Resulting density: ~2.30 g/cm³

Nuclear Window Solution (77% w/w):

• Zinc Bromide Anhydrous: 77.0%

• Deionized / Purified Water: 23.0%

• Stabilizer (optional): Trace amount hydroxylamine sulfate

• Refractive Index: ~1.545

Zinc-Bromine Flow Battery Electrolyte:

• Zinc Bromide: Active species (source of Zn²⁺ and Br⁻ ions)

• Zinc Chloride (ZnCl₂): Supporting electrolyte (increases conductivity)

• Quaternary Ammonium Salts: Bromine complexing agent (prevents Br₂ gas release)

ALTERNATIVES AND COMPARISON:

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.