Lithium Sulphate, Lithium Sulphate Anhydrous, Lithium Sulphate Monohydrate, 10377-48-7, 10102-25-7

LITHIUM SULFATE (Li₂SO₄)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

        O
        ||
    Li⁺ — O—S—O⁻ — Li⁺
             ||
             O

    Lithium Sulfate (Li₂SO₄)
    Ionic Structure

Molecular Formula (Anhydrous): Li₂SO₄
Molecular Formula (Monohydrate): Li₂SO₄·H₂O
SMILES: [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-]
InChI: InChI=1S/2Li.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
Crystal System: Monoclinic (Anhydrous); Hexagonal (Monohydrate)

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF LITHIUM COMPOUNDS

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Reaction of Lithium Carbonate with Sulfuric Acid (Most Common Method)

• Reaction: Li₂CO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Li₂SO₄ + H₂O + CO₂

• Description: Lithium carbonate is reacted with sulfuric acid; Lithium sulfate, water, and carbon dioxide are formed; Evaporation and crystallization yield the product; Most common industrial production method

Method 2: Neutralization of Lithium Hydroxide with Sulfuric Acid

• Reaction: 2LiOH + H₂SO₄ → Li₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

• Description: Lithium hydroxide is neutralized with sulfuric acid; Lithium sulfate and water are formed; Evaporation and crystallization yield the product

Method 3: Metathesis Reaction of Lithium Chloride with Sodium Sulfate

• Reaction: 2LiCl + Na₂SO₄ → Li₂SO₄ + 2NaCl

• Description: Lithium chloride is reacted with sodium sulfate; Lithium sulfate and sodium chloride are formed; Purification yields the product

Method 4: From Spodumene Ore (Mineral Source)

• Process: Spodumene ore → Roasting → Acid leaching → Purification → Conversion to lithium sulfate

• Description: Spodumene ore is processed; Lithium sulfate solution is obtained; Crystallization yields the product

Method 5: From Brine Sources (Salt Lake)

• Process: Brine → Solar evaporation → Lithium concentration → Conversion to lithium sulfate

• Description: Lithium-rich brines are processed; Lithium sulfate is obtained; Sustainable recovery method

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

Lithium Sulfate Anhydrous (10377-48-7) - Technical Grade

Lithium Sulfate Monohydrate (10102-25-7) - Technical Grade

Lithium Sulfate Solution - 20% w/w

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Note: Lithium sulfate generally has a low hazard classification.

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Causes serious eye irritation (H319). Use eye protection.

• Causes mild skin irritation (H316). Avoid skin contact.

• May cause respiratory irritation (H335). Avoid inhalation of dust.

• Slightly hygroscopic. Protect from moisture.

• Reverse solubility property: Solubility decreases with increasing temperature. This rare property must be considered in crystallization and purification processes.

• Non-combustible but decomposes at high temperatures releasing toxic sulfur oxide fumes.

• Monohydrate form dehydrates at 130°C. Controlled drying required to obtain anhydrous form.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Construction / Cement Industry: Use as setting accelerator in high-alumina cement; Shortens setting time; Accelerates cement hardening; Determine correct dosage.

• Glass Industry: Use as additive in specialty glass production; Improves thermal properties of glass; Used in heat-resistant glass production.

• Battery Industry: Use as electrolyte component in large-scale battery formulations; Used in lithium-ion batteries; Requires high purity.

• Polymer Industry: Use as catalyst in polymerization reactions; Provides catalytic effect in polymer synthesis.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust generation; Wear protective gloves, safety goggles, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles, protective clothing, NIOSH-approved dust mask.

• Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using.

• Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in dry conditions; Protect from moisture; Keep away from acids and oxidizing agents.

• Spill Response: Avoid dust generation; Vacuum or wet-sweep; Place in closed containers.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations.

SPECIAL NOTE ON REVERSE SOLUBILITY:

Lithium sulfate exhibits a rare property:

• Reverse Solubility: Solubility decreases with increasing temperature

• At 20°C: 34.8 g/100 mL

• At 100°C: 30.9 g/100 mL (decreases)

• Application: This property is used in crystallization and purification processes; Crystallization from hot solutions is easier

• Other Compounds: Lithium carbonate and lithium sulfate exhibit this property

SPECIAL NOTE ON DEHYDRATION:

Lithium sulfate monohydrate loses water upon heating:

• Reaction: Li₂SO₄·H₂O → Li₂SO₄ + H₂O (~130°C)

• Application: Anhydrous form is preferred for applications requiring anhydrous conditions

• Precaution: Perform controlled drying to obtain anhydrous form; Avoid overheating

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.