Lithium Bromide, Lithium Halide, Anhydrous Lithium Bromide, Lithium Bromide Solution, 7550-35-8

LITHIUM BROMIDE (LiBr)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

        Br⁻
         |
    Li⁺ — Br⁻

    Lithium Bromide (LiBr)
    Ionic Structure

Molecular Formula: LiBr
SMILES: [Li+].[Br-]
InChI: InChI=1S/BrH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
Crystal System: Cubic (Rock salt / NaCl structure)

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF LITHIUM HALIDES

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Reaction of Lithium Carbonate with Hydrobromic Acid

• Reaction: Li₂CO₃ + 2HBr → 2LiBr + H₂O + CO₂

• Description: Lithium carbonate is reacted with hydrobromic acid; Lithium bromide, water, and carbon dioxide are formed; Evaporation and crystallization yield the product; Most common industrial production method

Method 2: Reaction of Lithium Hydroxide with Hydrobromic Acid

• Reaction: LiOH + HBr → LiBr + H₂O

• Description: Lithium hydroxide is neutralized with hydrobromic acid; Lithium bromide and water are formed; Evaporation and crystallization yield the product

Method 3: Reaction of Lithium Metal with Bromine

• Reaction: 2Li + Br₂ → 2LiBr

• Description: Lithium metal is reacted with bromine; Lithium bromide is formed; High-purity product is obtained; Highly exothermic reaction

Method 4: Reaction of Lithium Carbonate with Hydrogen Bromide

• Reaction: Li₂CO₃ + 2HBr → 2LiBr + H₂O + CO₂

• Description: Lithium carbonate is reacted with hydrogen bromide gas; Lithium bromide is formed; Used for specialized applications

Method 5: Neutralization of Lithium Hydroxide with Hydrobromic Acid

• Reaction: LiOH + HBr → LiBr + H₂O

• Description: Lithium hydroxide is neutralized with hydrobromic acid; Lithium bromide is obtained by evaporation and crystallization

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

Lithium Bromide Anhydrous - Pure Grade

Lithium Bromide Anhydrous - Technical Grade

Lithium Bromide Solution - 55% w/w

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Harmful if swallowed (H302). Avoid ingestion.

• Causes skin irritation (H315). Use protective gloves.

• Causes serious eye irritation (H319). Use eye protection.

• May cause respiratory irritation (H335). Avoid inhalation of dust.

• Highly hygroscopic and deliquescent. Absorbs moisture from air and liquefies. Store in moisture-proof containers.

• Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, bromine, chlorine, and fluorine.

• Very high water solubility (143 g/100 mL at 20°C).

• Skin contact may cause irritation. Use appropriate PPE.

• Hygroscopic Property: Absorbs moisture from air; Forms liquid solution around itself when exposed (deliquescence).

• Medical Applications: Historically used as a sedative; Medical use is limited today.

• Corrosion: Corrosive to metals in presence of moisture; Use corrosion inhibitors in cooling systems (chromate, molybdate, nitrate).

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Absorption Cooling Systems: Use in LiBr-H₂O absorption chillers; High moisture absorption capacity; Provides efficient cooling without CFCs; Use appropriate corrosion inhibitors (chromate, molybdate, nitrate); Maintain solution concentration (typically 55% w/w).

• HVAC and Dehumidification Systems: Use as desiccant in air conditioning and dehumidification systems; High moisture absorption capacity; Regularly replace or regenerate.

• Organic Synthesis: Use as reagent in organic synthesis; Deprotonation and dehydration reactions; Acts as a catalyst; Use appropriate purity grade according to reaction conditions.

• Pharmaceutical/Medical: Historical use as sedative; Limited current use; Only pharmaceutical grade should be used for medical applications.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods; Avoid dust generation; Wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective goggles, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Wear impermeable gloves (nitrile, neoprene), chemical safety goggles, full-face shield, protective clothing, and NIOSH-approved respiratory protection.

• Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

• Storage: Store in tightly closed, properly labeled containers in dry conditions; Use moisture-proof containers; Airtight containers recommended; Keep away from acids and oxidizing agents; Store under dry atmosphere or with desiccant.

• Spill Response: Avoid dust generation; Wear full PPE; Collect spilled material with moist cloth or broom; Place in closed containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways; Place in properly labeled closed containers.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Do not discharge into sewers or water sources; Lithium compounds are regulated waste; Ensure waste container disposal complies with environmental regulations.

SPECIAL NOTE ON HYGROSCOPIC PROPERTY:

Lithium bromide is known for its extraordinary hygroscopic properties:

• Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air

• Deliquescence: Forms liquid solution around itself when sufficient moisture is absorbed

• Moisture Capacity: High moisture absorption capacity

• Application: Used in HVAC, absorption cooling, and drying systems

This property is used in:

• LiBr-H₂O absorption chillers

• Industrial and commercial cooling systems

• Air dehumidification systems

• Drying applications

SPECIAL NOTE ON CORROSION INHIBITION:

Lithium bromide is corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. Therefore, corrosion inhibitors are essential in cooling systems:

• Chromate Inhibitors: Traditional inhibitor; Provides effective corrosion protection

• Molybdate Inhibitors: Environmentally friendly alternative; Effective corrosion protection

• Nitrate Inhibitors: Used in combination with other inhibitors; Provides protection against pitting

• Application: Added to LiBr solution (typically 55% w/w) for absorption cooling systems

• Effect: Protects metal components (steel, copper, brass) from corrosion

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.