Diphenyl Guanidine, Diphenylguanidine, Diphenylguanidine, DPG-80, DPG80, 102-06-7
DPG-80 (DIPHENYLGUANIDINE)
CAS Number: 102-06-7
EC Number (EINECS): 203-002-1
Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₃N₃
Molecular Weight: 211.27 g/mol
Chemical Class: Guanidine (secondary accelerator)
SECTION 1: PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY
| Parameter |
Description |
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) |
1,3-Diphenylguanidine |
| Other Names |
DPG, N,N'-Diphenylguanidine, Accelerator D, Diphenylguanidine, Accelerator DPG, Rhenogran DPG, Rhenoslab DPG |
| CAS Number |
102-06-7 |
| EC Number (EINECS) |
203-002-1 |
| Molecular Formula |
C₁₃H₁₃N₃ |
| Molecular Weight |
211.27 g/mol |
| Chemical Class |
Guanidine (secondary accelerator) |
| Appearance (Powder Form) |
Light cream to white powder or granules |
| Appearance (Granule Form) |
Purple granules (color intensity may vary depending on raw materials) |
| Odor |
Mild characteristic |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.1. Powder Form (Pure DPG)
| Property |
Value / Range |
| Molecular Formula |
C₁₃H₁₃N₃ |
| Molecular Weight |
211.27 g/mol |
| Appearance |
Light cream to white powder or granules |
| Melting Point |
145-148°C |
| Density |
~1.13 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water |
Slightly soluble |
| Solubility in Organic Solvents |
Soluble in ethanol, chloroform, hot benzene, hot toluene, and dilute inorganic acids |
| pH (10 g/L, H₂O) |
~10.2 (basic) |
| Volatile Loss |
≤ 0.30% |
| Ash Content |
≤ 0.30% |
| Flash Point |
170°C |
2.2. Granule Form (DPG-80)
| Property |
Value / Range |
| Appearance |
Purple granules |
| Density |
~1.06-1.14 g/cm³ |
| Active Content |
80% DPG |
| Binder Content |
20% Elastomer binder and dispersing agents |
| Form |
Pre-dispersed granules |
SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS
| Property |
Description |
| Chemical Class |
Guanidine (secondary accelerator) |
| Functional Group |
Guanidine (-N=C(NH₂)-N-) |
| Basicity |
Strongly basic (pH 10.2) |
| Reactivity |
Forms salts in acidic media |
| pH Sensitivity |
Reacts in acidic environments due to basic character |
| Silane Activation |
Accelerates silanization reaction due to strong basicity |
| Silica Adsorption |
Adsorbs onto acidic silica surfaces |
| Thermal Decomposition |
> 200°C releases nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) |
3.1. Key Reactions
| Reaction Type |
Description |
| Acid Salt Formation |
Reacts with acids to form salts |
| Curing Activation |
Activates thiazole and sulfenamide accelerators |
| Silica Surface Adsorption |
Adsorbs onto silica surface, neutralizing acidic sites |
| Silane Activation |
Accelerates reaction with silane coupling agents |
| Reaction with TESPT |
Reacts with bis-(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT), releasing sulfur |
3.2. Rubber Curing Mechanism
DPG functions as a secondary (auxiliary) accelerator in rubber vulcanization:
-
Activation: Strongly activates mercapto class accelerators (MBT, MBTS, CBS)
-
Alkaline Medium: Provides the alkaline environment required for the curing reaction
-
Silica Surface Neutralization: Neutralizes acidic silica surfaces, reducing accelerator adsorption
-
Silane Activation: Accelerates silanization reaction, enhancing filler-polymer bonding
SECTION 4: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property |
Description |
| Accelerator Type |
Secondary (auxiliary) accelerator |
| Function |
Activates thiazole and sulfenamide accelerators |
| Curing Speed |
Relatively slow full cure |
| Scorch Safety |
Very long scorch time (processing safety) |
| Discoloration |
Causes slight discoloration |
| Usage Limitation |
Not preferred in light-colored products unless used as activator |
| Heat Resistance |
Provides good heat and aging resistance |
| Synergistic Effect |
Shows synergistic effect with MBT, MBTS, CBS, TBBS |
| Silica Compatibility |
Essential in silica-reinforced compounds |
SECTION 5: MAJOR APPLICATIONS AND END-USES
5.1. Rubber Vulcanization (Primary Application)
| Application |
Function |
Suitability |
| Natural Rubber (NR) |
Secondary accelerator / activator |
High |
| Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) |
Secondary accelerator / activator |
High |
| Nitrile Rubber (NBR) |
Secondary accelerator / activator |
High |
| EPDM Rubber |
Limited effect (less effective in IIR and EPDM) |
Low |
| Butyl Rubber (IIR) |
Limited effect |
Low |
| Silica-Reinforced Compounds |
Essential component (silane activation) |
High |
5.2. Rubber Products
| Application |
Suitability |
| Tires |
High |
| Technical Rubber Products |
High |
| General Industrial Products |
High |
| White and Colored Products |
Limited (due to discoloration) |
| Latex Products |
Not Suitable |
SECTION 6: INDUSTRY SUITABILITY MATRIX
| Industry |
Suitability |
Explanation |
| Tire Manufacturing |
High |
Essential in silica-reinforced compounds |
| Automotive Rubber |
High |
Technical rubber products |
| Industrial Rubber |
High |
General industrial products |
| White Products |
Limited |
Not preferred unless used as activator due to discoloration |
| EPDM / IIR |
Low |
Limited effect |
| Latex |
Not Suitable |
Not suitable for latex systems |
SECTION 7: DOSAGE AND APPLICATION
7.1. Recommended Dosage
| Application |
Dosage (phr) |
| As Primary Accelerator |
1.0 - 2.0 phr (with 2.5 - 3.5 phr sulfur) |
| As Secondary Accelerator |
0.1 - 0.25 phr (with 0.75 - 1.0 phr thiazole and 2.5 phr sulfur) |
| Silica Compounds |
0.5 - 1.5 phr |
7.2. Advantages of Pre-Dispersed Form (DPG-80)
| Advantage |
Description |
| Excellent Dispersion |
Prevents localized over-cured areas |
| Consistent Performance |
Ensures stable vulcanizate properties |
| Reduced Dust |
Cleaner handling compared to powder form |
| Easy Weighing |
Granules facilitate accurate measurement |
| Shorter Mixing Time |
Suitable for compounds requiring short mixing cycles |
| Better Homogeneity |
Uniform distribution in rubber matrix |
SECTION 8: OTHER NAMES AND IDENTIFIERS
| Type |
Name / Description |
| IUPAC Name |
1,3-Diphenylguanidine |
| Chemical Name |
N,N'-Diphenylguanidine |
| Commercial Names |
Accelerator DPG, Rhenogran DPG, Rhenoslab DPG, Accelerator D |
| Common Names |
DPG, Diphenylguanidine |
| CAS Number |
102-06-7 |
| EC Number |
203-002-1 |
| RTECS Number |
MF0875000 |
| HS Code |
29252000 |
SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH EFFECTS
| Parameter |
Value / Description |
| GHS Classification |
Warning |
| Hazard Statements |
H302 (Harmful if swallowed), H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation), H335 (May cause respiratory irritation) |
| Precautionary Statements |
P261 (Avoid breathing dust), P280 (Wear protective gloves/eye protection), P302+P352 (IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water), P305+P351+P338 (IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water) |
| Oral LD50 (Rat) |
~1,000-2,000 mg/kg |
| Dermal LD50 (Rabbit) |
> 2,000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation |
Irritant |
| Eye Irritation |
Irritant |
| Skin Sensitization |
Positive (allergic contact dermatitis) |
| Mutagenicity |
Negative |
| Carcinogenicity |
Not classified |
| Target Organs |
Skin, eyes, respiratory system, liver |
| WGK (Germany) |
2 (hazardous to water) |
SECTION 10: ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR
| Parameter |
Value / Description |
| Biodegradability |
Limited data |
| Water Solubility |
Slightly soluble |
| Water Hazard Class (WGK Germany) |
WGK 2 (hazardous to water) |
Ecotoxicological Summary: DPG is slightly soluble in water and classified as WGK 2 (hazardous to water). Release to the environment should be avoided.
SECTION 11: SAFETY AND STORAGE
| Parameter |
Information |
| Storage Conditions |
Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Temperature |
Room temperature (15-30°C) |
| Container |
Tightly closed, original packaging |
| Materials to Avoid |
Strong oxidizers, acids, moisture |
| Shelf Life |
24 months (under recommended conditions) |
| Packaging |
25 kg bags (plastic woven, paper-plastic composite, kraft paper), 500 kg big bags |
SECTION 12: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter |
Information |
| UN Number |
3077 |
| Hazard Class |
9 (Miscellaneous dangerous goods) |
| Packing Group |
III |
| Proper Shipping Name |
Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (DPG) |
| Marine Pollutant |
Yes |
| ADR/RID |
UN 3077, Class 9, PG III |
| IMDG Code |
UN 3077, Class 9, PG III |
| IATA (Air) |
UN 3077, Class 9, PG III |
SECTION 13: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter |
Information |
| Fire Hazard |
Combustible dust |
| Extinguishing Media |
Water fog, CO₂, dry chemical, foam |
| Special Hazards |
When heated, releases nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) |
| Decomposition Products |
Nitrogen oxides, CO, CO₂ |
| Protective Equipment |
Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
SECTION 14: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE AND CLEANUP
| Parameter |
Information |
| Personal Protection |
Gloves, safety goggles, dust mask |
| Ventilation |
Increase ventilation |
| Cleanup Methods |
Sweep while preventing dust formation; collect in sealed containers |
| Environmental Precautions |
Prevent entry into drains |
| Waste Disposal |
According to local regulations |
SECTION 15: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route |
Action |
| Inhalation |
Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist. |
| Skin Contact |
Remove contaminated clothing. Wash with soap and plenty of water. |
| Eye Contact |
Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion |
Do NOT induce vomiting. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention. |
SECTION 16: REGULATORY INFORMATION
| Region / Authority |
Status |
| EU REACH |
Registered |
| Turkey KKDİK |
Registration required |
| USA TSCA |
Listed |
| EINECS |
203-002-1 |
| RTECS |
MF0875000 |
| WGK (Germany) |
2 (hazardous to water) |
SECTION 17: SUMMARY AND CRITICAL WARNINGS
Product Summary
| Parameter |
Value |
| Product |
DPG-80 (Diphenylguanidine) |
| CAS |
102-06-7 |
| Appearance |
Purple granules |
| Active Content |
80% DPG |
| Density |
~1.14 g/cm³ |
| Primary Use |
Secondary accelerator / activator |
| Key Industries |
Tire, automotive rubber, industrial rubber |
CRITICAL WARNINGS
-
Secondary Accelerator: DPG is a secondary (auxiliary) accelerator that activates thiazole and sulfenamide accelerators in rubber vulcanization.
-
Essential in Silica Compounds: In silica-reinforced tire compounds, DPG plays a critical role by neutralizing acidic silica surfaces and accelerating silanization reactions.
-
Multiple Functions: DPG adsorbs onto silica surfaces, accelerates silanization, provides alkaline medium, and reacts with TESPT causing sulfur release.
-
Long Scorch Time: Provides very long scorch time (processing safety). This is advantageous for processing safety in complex molding operations.
-
Discoloration: Causes slight discoloration. Not preferred in light-colored products unless used as activator.
-
Limited Effect in EPDM and IIR: Shows limited effectiveness in EPDM and butyl (IIR) rubbers.
-
Not Suitable for Latex: Not suitable for latex systems.
-
Skin Sensitization: DPG may cause allergic skin reactions (H317). Appropriate PPE required during handling.
-
Transport: Classified as UN 3077, Class 9, Packing Group III. Marine pollutant.
-
Pre-Dispersed Form Advantage: DPG-80 form provides excellent dispersion, reduced dust, and easy weighing.
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and is based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the product's suitability for their specific application and for complying with all applicable local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are responsible for testing the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with DPG-80.
