Ammonium Hydroxide, Peramine, Ammonia, Ammoniac, Ammonia Water, AZAN, 1336-21-6

Ammonium Hydroxide, Peramine, Ammonia, Ammoniac, Ammonia Water, AZAN, 1336-21-6

Here’s a clear, English summary of the information you provided about Ammonium Hydroxide (CAS 1336-21-6):

🔹 General Information

• Name: Ammonium Hydroxide

• Synonyms: Ammonia water, Ammonia solution, Ammoniak, Ammoniac, Ammoniaca, Ammonia concentrate

• Formula: H₅NO

• Molar Mass: 35.05 g/mol

• Identifiers: CAS 1336-21-6, EINECS 215-647-6, InChIKey VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

🔹 Physical & Chemical Properties

• Appearance: Colorless liquid, pungent ammonia odor

• Density: ~0.91 g/mL at 20 °C

• Melting Point: −77 °C

• Boiling Point: ~36 °C (solution dependent)

• Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol, ether

• pKa: 9.3 (25 °C)

• pH: 10.1–11.1 depending on concentration

• Stability: Stable but incompatible with acids, copper, zinc, aluminium, mercury, alkali metals

• Explosive Limit: 27% (ammonia-air mixture)

🔹 Safety & Toxicity

• Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive)

• Packing Group: III

• LD50 (oral, rat): 350 mg/kg

• OSHA PEL: 35 ppm

• ACGIH TLV-TWA: 25 ppm

• Risks: Causes burns (R34), harmful if swallowed (R22), very toxic to aquatic organisms (R50)

• Precautions: Wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles; avoid release to environment; seek medical help if exposed

🔹 Industrial Uses

• Electronics: Cleaning and etching silicon wafers (often with H₂O₂ and HF)

• Chemicals: Production of nitric acid, fertilizers, dyes, plastics, refrigerants

• Laboratory: Analytical reagent, neutralizer, alkaloid extraction, precipitation of metal hydroxides

• Other: Used in medicine, detergents, and preparation of ammonium compounds

🔹 Preparation

• Produced by absorbing ammonia gas into purified water in a gas absorption tower, followed by membrane treatment.

🔹 Storage & Handling

• Store at 2–8 °C, in a ventilated, dry warehouse, away from acids and incompatible metals.

• Fire hazard: releases toxic ammonia and nitrogen oxides when heated; extinguish with water.

• Spontaneous ignition temperature of ammonia: 690 °C.

English synonyms and alternative names for Ammonium Hydroxide (CAS 1336-21-6):

🔹 Synonyms / Other Names 

• Ammonium hydroxide

• Ammonia

• Ammonia water

• Ammonia concentrate

• Ammonia solution (JP15)

• Ammonium hydroxide solution, 1 M in water

• Ammonium hydroxide solution, volumetric, 5.0N in water

• Ammonia water (analytical grade)

• Ammonium hydroxide solution (various concentrations)

🔹 International Variants (translated into English)

• Amoniak (Polish → Ammonia)

• Ammoniac (French → Ammonia)

• Ammoniaca (Italian → Ammonia)

🔹 Less Common / Trade Synonyms

• AZAN

• Peramine

• Nitro-sil