İZOMALT – ISOMALT

CAS Number: 64519-82-0
EC Number (EINECS): 264-852-3
Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₄O₁₁
Molecular Weight: 344.31 g/mol
E Number: E953
Chemical Class: Sugar alcohol (polyol)

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

Parameter	Information
Chemical Name (IUPAC)	(2R,3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
Other Names	Isomalt, Hydrogenated Isomaltulose, Palatinit, Sugar Alcohol
Chemical Formula	C₁₂H₂₄O₁₁
Molecular Weight	344.31 g/mol
CAS Number	64519-82-0
EC Number (EINECS)	264-852-3
E Number	E953 (Sweetener, bulking agent)
Chemical Class	Sugar alcohol (polyol)
Appearance	White, crystalline powder or granules
Odor	Odorless
Taste	Sweet (50% of sucrose sweetness)
Physical State (20°C)	Solid (crystalline powder or granules)
Source	Derived from sugar beet (sucrose) via enzymatic hydrogenation

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Property	Value
Appearance	White, crystalline powder or granules
Odor	Odorless
Taste	Sweet (50% of sucrose)
Molecular Weight	344.31 g/mol
Melting Point	145 – 150 °C
Density	1.5 g/cm³
Solubility in Water (20°C)	Soluble (~280 g/L)
Solubility in Ethanol	Slightly soluble
pH (10% solution)	5.0 – 7.0
Sweetness (Sucrose = 100)	~50
Caloric Value	2.0 kcal/g
Glycemic Index	Very low (< 10)
Hygroscopicity	Low
Cariogenicity	Non-cariogenic (tooth-friendly)
Heat Stability	Good (stable up to 150°C)
Refractive Index (nD²⁰)	~1.45

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Property	Information
Chemical Formula	C₁₂H₂₄O₁₁
Molecular Weight	344.31 g/mol
Chemical Class	Sugar alcohol (polyol)
Structure	Hydrogenated isomaltulose (disaccharide alcohol)
Composition	Equimolar mixture of 1-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol (GPM) and 1-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol (GPG)
SMILES	C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(CO)C(C(C(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O
Stability	Stable under normal storage conditions
Incompatible Materials	Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases

Chemical Structure:

Isomalt (Hydrogenated Isomaltulose)
    |
Mixture of:
    |
1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol (GPM)
1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol (GPG)
    |
C₁₂H₂₄O₁₁

SECTION 4: ISOMALT COMPOSITION

Component	Percentage	Description
1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol (GPM)	~50%	One of two main components
1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol (GPG)	~50%	One of two main components
Other Sugar Alcohols	< 1%	Trace amounts

SECTION 5: COMPARISON WITH OTHER SUGAR ALCOHOLS

Property	Isomalt (E953)	Sorbitol (E420)	Maltitol (E965)	Xylitol (E967)
Sweetness (Sucrose=100)	~50	~60	~90	~100
Calories (kcal/g)	2.0	2.6	2.1	2.4
Glycemic Index	Very Low (<10)	Low	Low	Very Low
Hygroscopicity	Low	High	Moderate	Moderate
Cariogenicity	None	None	None	None
Heat Stability	Good	Good	Good	Good
Cooling Effect	Minimal	Significant	Moderate	High
Laxative Effect	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate

SECTION 6: MECHANISM OF ACTION

Parameter	Description
Primary Function	Sweetener, bulking agent
Taste Perception	Binds to sweet taste receptors on the tongue
Metabolism	Slowly absorbed; partially fermented in the large intestine
Caloric Value	2.0 kcal/g (compared to 4.0 kcal/g for sucrose)
Glycemic Response	Minimal effect on blood sugar levels
Dental Health	Non-cariogenic; does not promote tooth decay
Digestion	Not hydrolyzed by salivary amylase

SECTION 7: HEALTH BENEFITS AND APPLICATIONS

Benefit	Description
Low Calorie	2.0 kcal/g vs 4.0 kcal/g for sucrose
Low Glycemic Index	Minimal effect on blood sugar levels
Tooth-Friendly	Non-cariogenic; does not cause tooth decay
Prebiotic Effect	Supports beneficial gut bacteria
Diabetes Friendly	Suitable for diabetic products
Weight Management	Reduced caloric intake
Heat Stable	Suitable for baking and cooking
Low Hygroscopicity	Excellent for hard candies and confectionery

SECTION 8: FOOD INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS (E953)

Application	Function
Hard Candies	Bulking agent, sweetener
Chewing Gum	Sweetener, bulking agent
Chocolate	Sugar-free sweetener
Confectionery	Sugar-free sweetener
Bakery Products	Sweetener, bulking agent
Dairy Products	Sweetener, bulking agent
Ice Cream	Low-calorie sweetener
Tabletop Sweeteners	Powder and tablet forms
Dietetic Foods	Low-calorie sweetener
Cough Drops	Sweetener, bulking agent
Sauces and Dressings	Sweetener
Pharmaceuticals	Excipient, sweetener

SECTION 9: TYPICAL USAGE LEVELS

Application	Typical Usage Level
Hard Candies	90-100% of recipe
Chewing Gum	20-40% of recipe
Chocolate	30-50% of recipe
Bakery Products	10-50% of recipe
Tabletop Sweeteners	100% (as is)
Ice Cream	5-15% of recipe
Cough Drops	50-90% of recipe

SECTION 10: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (FOOD GRADE)

Parameter	Specification (FCC / USP / Ph. Eur.)
Appearance	White, crystalline powder or granules
Identification	Positive (Sugar alcohol tests)
Assay (on dried basis)	98.0 – 102.0%
Loss on Drying	≤ 1.0%
Residue on Ignition	≤ 0.1%
pH (10% solution)	5.0 – 7.0
Specific Rotation [α]D²⁰	+90° to +95°
Reducing Sugars	≤ 0.2%
Heavy Metals (as Pb)	≤ 10 ppm
Lead (Pb)	≤ 2 ppm
Arsenic (As)	≤ 3 ppm
Mercury (Hg)	≤ 1 ppm
Cadmium (Cd)	≤ 1 ppm
Sorbitol Content	≤ 0.5%
Water Content	≤ 1.0%

SECTION 11: MICROBIOLOGICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Parameter	Specification
Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria	≤ 1,000 CFU/g
Yeast and Mold	≤ 100 CFU/g
Salmonella spp.	Negative in 25g
Escherichia coli	Negative in 10g

SECTION 12: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

Parameter	Information
Storage Conditions	Cool (15-25°C), dry, well-ventilated area
Container Requirements	Tightly closed, original packaging
Protect From	Moisture, heat, strong oxidizing agents
Shelf Life	24-48 months (unopened original packaging)
Stability Note	Low hygroscopicity; stable under normal conditions

SECTION 13: PACKAGING OPTIONS

Packaging Type	Quantity	Material
PE-lined kraft paper bag	25 kg	Kraft paper + PE
Plastic pail	20-25 kg	HDPE
Fiber drum	25-50 kg	HDPE + PE
Aluminum foil bag	1-5 kg	Laminated aluminum
Big-Bag	500-1000 kg	Polypropylene (with PE liner)

SECTION 14: SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION

GHS Classification (Bulk Powder)

Hazard Class	Category
Not classified as hazardous	-

Hazard Statements

Code	Statement
None	Not classified as hazardous

Precautionary Statements

Code	Statement
P261	Avoid breathing dust
P280	Wear protective gloves/eye protection
P305+P351+P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing

SECTION 15: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Parameter	Value
Oral LD50 (Rat)	> 5,000 mg/kg
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)	Not specified (JECFA)
Laxative Threshold	~50-80 g/day (may cause osmotic diarrhea)
Carcinogenicity	Not classified
Mutagenicity	Negative in standard tests
Reproductive Toxicity	No evidence of adverse effects
GRAS Status	Generally recognized as safe

SECTION 16: FIRST AID MEASURES

Exposure Route	Action
Inhalation	Move to fresh air. If respiratory irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
Eye Contact	Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion	Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention.

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

Region / Authority	Status
European Union	Approved as E953
USA (FDA)	GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)
Turkey	Approved (Turkish Food Codex)
JECFA (FAO/WHO)	Approved; ADI: Not specified
Codex Alimentarius	Approved (INS 953)
FCC	Monograph available
USP	Monograph available
Ph. Eur.	Monograph available

SECTION 18: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Parameter	Information
UN Number	Not regulated (not dangerous goods)
Hazard Class	Not applicable
Packing Group	Not applicable
ADR/RID	Not regulated
IMDG Code	Not regulated
IATA (Air)	Not regulated
Marine Pollutant	No

SECTION 19: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

Parameter	Information
Fire Hazard	Combustible organic solid
Suitable Extinguishing Media	Water spray (mist), CO₂, dry chemical powder
Specific Hazards	When heated, emits CO, CO₂
Decomposition Products	CO, CO₂
Protective Equipment	Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing

SECTION 20: ACCIDENTAL SPILLAGE AND CLEANUP

Parameter	Information
Personal Protection	Nitrile gloves, protective goggles, dust mask (N95)
Cleaning Methods	Sweep or vacuum; avoid dust generation
Environmental Precautions	Prevent entry into drains, soil, and surface waters
Waste Disposal	According to local regulations; landfilling at licensed facilities

SECTION 21: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

Type	Name
Turkish Names	İzomalt, Şeker Alkolü
English Names	Isomalt, Hydrogenated Isomaltulose, Palatinit, Sugar Alcohol
Chemical Names	Hydrogenated isomaltulose, (2R,3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
E Number	E953
CAS Number	64519-82-0
EC Number	264-852-3

SECTION 22: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Question	Answer
Is Isomalt Safe?	Yes, approved by FDA, EFSA, and JECFA.
Is Isomalt Suitable for Diabetics?	Yes, low glycemic index and minimal effect on blood sugar.
Is Isomalt Tooth-Friendly?	Yes, non-cariogenic; does not promote tooth decay.
Does Isomalt Have Calories?	Yes, 2.0 kcal/g (half of sucrose).
Is Isomalt Heat Stable?	Yes, stable at high temperatures; suitable for baking.
Is Isomalt Natural?	Derived from sugar beet; processed but naturally sourced.
Is Isomalt Laxative?	May cause osmotic diarrhea at high doses (>50-80 g/day).
Where is Isomalt Used?	Hard candies, chewing gum, chocolate, confectionery, bakery, and tabletop sweeteners.

SECTION 23: SUMMARY AND CRITICAL NOTES

Product Summary

Parameter	Value
Product	Isomalt
CAS Number	64519-82-0
E Number	E953
Appearance	White, crystalline powder or granules
Molecular Weight	344.31 g/mol
Sweetness	50% of sucrose
Primary Function	Sweetener, bulking agent
Calories	2.0 kcal/g

Critical Notes

Sugar Alcohol: Isomalt is a sugar alcohol (polyol) derived from sugar beet.
Low Sweetness: 50% as sweet as sucrose; provides bulk and texture.
Low Calorie: 2.0 kcal/g (half of sucrose's 4.0 kcal/g).
Low Glycemic Index: Minimal effect on blood sugar levels; suitable for diabetics.
Tooth-Friendly: Non-cariogenic; does not promote tooth decay.
Low Hygroscopicity: Excellent for hard candies and confectionery.
Laxative Effect: May cause osmotic diarrhea at doses >50-80 g/day.
Heat Stable: Suitable for baking and cooking applications.
GRAS Status: Approved as GRAS by FDA.
Regulatory Status: Approved in EU (E953), FDA, JECFA, and Turkish Food Codex.

IMPORTANT DECLARATION: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is responsible for determining the product's suitability for their specific application and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, transport, waste, and regulatory compliance information, refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. This document does not replace medical advice.

Isomalt, Hydrogenated Isomaltulose, Palatinit, E953, 64519-82-0

İZOMALT – ISOMALT

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