Eucalyptol, Cineol, Cineole, 470-82-6

Eucalyptol, Cineol, Cineole, 470-82-6

EUCALYPTOL (1,8-Cineole)

CAS No: 470-82-6 | EC No: 207-431-5 | Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₈O | Molecular Weight: 154.25 g/mol

1. Physical & Chemical Properties

2. Comparison with Alternative Compounds

Eucalyptol is often compared with menthol, camphor, and thymol in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

Key Advantages of Eucalyptol over Alternatives:

• vs. Menthol: Better mucolytic activity; works deeper in respiratory tract.

• vs. Camphor: Lower skin irritation; safe for inhalation.

• vs. Thymol: Milder taste; better for oral formulations.

• vs. Limonene: Soluble enough for water-based formulations; bioactive.

3. Natural Sources & Typical Concentration

Note: Pure eucalyptol (≥99%) is typically produced by fractional distillation of Eucalyptus globulus oil, not by synthesis.

4. Formulation Examples (Industry-Specific)

Generic formulations. No brand names used. Adjust percentages based on regulatory limits.

A. Expectorant Cough Syrup (Mucolytic, Adult Dose)

Directions: 5-10 mL every 4-6 hours (adults). Not for children under 6 years without medical advice.

B. Antimicrobial Mouthwash (Alcohol-Free)

Usage: Rinse 20 mL for 30 seconds twice daily. Reduces plaque, gingivitis, and halitosis.

C. Topical Decongestant Chest Rub (Oil-based)

Usage: Apply thin layer to chest and throat (not on face). For adults and children ≥2 years.

D. Aromatherapy Blend (Respiratory Support)

Usage: Add 3-5 drops to diffuser or bowl of hot water for steam inhalation. Do not apply undiluted to skin.

E. Natural Surface Disinfectant Spray

Efficacy: Effective against S. aureus, E. coli, Candida albicans (contact time ≥5 minutes).

5. Mechanism of Action (Pharmacology)

6. Regulatory Status & Safety

Regulatory Approvals

Safety Profile

Hazard Classification (GHS - Globally Harmonized System)

First Aid Measures

7. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is eucalyptol the same as eucalyptus oil?

A: No. Eucalyptus oil contains 70-90% eucalyptol plus other terpenes (limonene, α-pinene, globalol, aromadendrene). Pure eucalyptol (≥99%) is a standardized, colorless compound. Eucalyptus oil has a broader, more complex aroma and different safety profile (higher skin irritation due to other terpenes).

Q2: Is eucalyptol safe to swallow (in cough drops or syrups)?

A: Yes, in small regulated amounts (typically 0.5-1.5 mg per dose). The FDA allows eucalyptol in OTC cough/cold products. However, swallowing large amounts (>1 g pure eucalyptol or >10 mL eucalyptus oil) can cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness, respiratory depression, seizures, and even death. Never ingest undiluted eucalyptol.

Q3: Can eucalyptol be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

A: In small amounts (cough drops, diluted inhalation), it is generally considered safe. However, high doses or topical application of concentrated eucalyptol should be avoided during pregnancy due to lack of safety data. Always consult a physician before using during pregnancy or lactation.

Q4: Is eucalyptol effective for COVID-19?

A: Some in vitro studies show eucalyptol inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and reduces inflammatory cytokines. However, there is no clinical evidence that eucalyptol treats or prevents COVID-19. It may help relieve symptoms (cough, congestion) but does not cure the viral infection.

Q5: Can eucalyptol replace menthol in a formulation?

A: Not directly.

• Menthol: Strong cooling sensation (direct TRPM8 agonist), used for topical analgesia.

• Eucalyptol: Weak cooling, better mucolytic/anti-inflammatory activity.
  They are often used synergistically (e.g., 5 parts eucalyptol : 1 part menthol for respiratory products).

Q6: Is eucalyptol safe for children?

A:

• Inhalation (steam): Diluted (2-3 drops in 1L hot water) for children ≥6 years.

• Oral (cough drops): Only for children ≥6 years (choking hazard and dose concerns).

• Topical chest rub: For children ≥2 years (avoid face and mucous membranes).

• NEVER give pure eucalyptol or eucalyptus oil orally to infants or young children (risk of laryngospasm, CNS depression).

Q7: Can eucalyptol be used in food as a flavor?

A: Yes, eucalyptol is FDA GRAS as a flavoring agent in very low concentrations (typically <10 ppm in baked goods, candy, beverages, ice cream). It provides a cooling, spicy, minty note. However, it is not approved as a direct food additive in high amounts (no nutritional function).

Q8: What is the UN number for transport of eucalyptol?

A: UN 1993 (Flammable liquid, n.o.s.) or UN 1169 (Extracts, aromatic, liquid). Packing group: III (lowest hazard among flammable liquids). Proper shipping name: "Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (1,8-cineole)."

Q9: How should eucalyptol be stored?

A:

• Store in tightly sealed, dark glass or HDPE containers (avoid oxygen and light).

• Keep in a cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources (flash point 49°C).

• Avoid contact with strong oxidizers (peroxides, nitric acid).

• Shelf life: 24 months (if stored properly; test for peroxide formation after 12 months).

Q10: What materials are compatible with eucalyptol?

A:

• Compatible: Glass, stainless steel (SS304/316), HDPE, PTFE (Teflon), Viton.

• Incompatible: Natural rubber, neoprene, EPDM, PVC (softens/swells), low-density polyethylene (LDPE - permeation).

Q11: Does eucalyptol have any known drug interactions?

A:

• CYP450 interactions: Eucalyptol inhibits CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 (mild). May increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes (e.g., midazolam, ketamine, certain antivirals).

• Synergy: Enhances penetration of topical drugs (e.g., lidocaine, antifungals) through skin/mucosa.

• Always consult a physician if taking prescription medications.

Q12: Can eucalyptol be used in veterinary applications?

A: Yes, but with extreme caution. Cats and dogs are more sensitive than humans (lack of glucuronidation enzymes).

• Safe for horses/cattle: Low doses for respiratory conditions.

• TOXIC to cats: Even small amounts (eucalyptus oil) can cause drooling, tremors, liver failure.

• Moderate toxicity to dogs: Diluted use only; avoid ingestion.
  Always consult a veterinarian before using on pets.

8. Summary Table – Pros & Cons

This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical or regulatory advice. Always consult local regulations and perform safety testing for your specific application.