Thiamine Hydrochloride ,B1, Thiamine, Hydrochloride, 67-03-8

Vitamin B1, Thiamine HCL, Anorin Hydrochloride, 67-03-8

Basic Chemical Information

• CAS Number: 67-03-8

• EC Number: 200-641-8

• Molecular Formula: C12H17ClN4OS·HCl

• Chemical Names: Vitamin B1, Thiamine HCL, Anorin Hydrochloride

• Molar Mass: 337.263 g/mol

• Melting Point: 250 °C

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Crystalline form, with a slight odor

• Soluble in water, forming a clear, colorless solution

• Insoluble in alcohol and benzene

• Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture)

• Less stable compared to thiamine monohydrate

• Releases toxic gases (nitric acid, sulfur oxides) when heated

Applications

• Pharmaceuticals: Treatment of thiamine deficiency, nerve disorders, heart function support

• Food industry: Flavoring agent, dietary supplement

• Nutritional supplements: Essential for growth, development, and energy metabolism

• Medical uses: Applied in conditions such as heart damage, neurological disorders, cataracts, glaucoma, and wound healing

Biological Importance and Benefits

• Acts as a coenzyme in energy metabolism (ATP production)

• Regulates heart functions, prevents edema and inflammation

• Supports brain functions and neurotransmitter synthesis

• Plays a role in nerve transmission and muscle contraction

• Helps regulate blood sugar and contributes to red blood cell production

• Strengthens the immune system indirectly by improving nutrient absorption

• Enhances energy levels and stress management

Dietary Sources

• Whole grains: Wheat, oats, barley

• Legumes: Beans, lentils, chickpeas

• Meat & Fish: Chicken, beef, salmon, tuna

• Nuts: Almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts

• Vegetables: Spinach, potatoes, cabbage, asparagus

• Dairy products: Milk, yogurt, cheese

Deficiency Symptoms

• Fatigue, weakness

• Muscle cramps and loss of strength

• Loss of appetite, rapid weight loss

• Irritability, depression, poor concentration

• Heart palpitations, shortness of breath

• Digestive issues, nerve inflammation

Deficiency-Related Diseases

• Beriberi:

  • Dry type: Affects the nervous system, causing muscle weakness and coordination problems

  • Wet type: Affects the cardiovascular system, leading to heart failure and edema

• Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome:

  • Linked to alcoholism and malnutrition, causing neurological damage, confusion, memory loss, and coordination problems

Risk Groups

• Alcohol-dependent individuals

• Elderly people

• HIV/AIDS patients

• Diabetic patients

• Individuals who underwent bariatric surgery

Daily Requirement

• Adults: 1.1–1.2 mg/day

• Pregnancy: up to 1.4 mg/day

Excess Intake

• Usually excreted in urine (low toxicity risk)

• Very high doses may cause nausea, dizziness, diarrhea, or allergic reactions