Barium Chloride Dihydrate, Barium Dichloride Dihydrate, Dichlorobarium Dihydrate, Barium Chloride Hydrous, 10326-27-9

BARIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (BaCl₂·2H₂O)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

        Cl⁻
         |
    Ba²⁺ — Cl⁻
         |
        H₂O · H₂O

    Barium Chloride Dihydrate (BaCl₂·2H₂O)
    Ionic Structure
    (Contains Water of Crystallization)

Molecular Formula: BaCl₂·2H₂O
SMILES: [Ba+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].O.O
InChI: InChI=1S/Ba.ClH.2H2O/h;1H;2*1H2/q+2;;;/p-1
Crystal System: Monoclinic (colorless lustrous crystals)
Synonyms: Barium Dichloride Dihydrate, Dichlorobarium Dihydrate, Barium(II) Chloride Hydrous, Hydrochloric Acid Barium Salt Dihydrate

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF COMMON BARIUM COMPOUNDS

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Hydrochloric Acid Method (From Barium Sulfide)

• Reaction: BaS + 2HCl + 2H₂O → BaCl₂·2H₂O + H₂S

• Description: Barium sulfide solution is reacted with hydrochloric acid; Desulfurization, neutralization, evaporation, cooling crystallization, centrifugation, and drying processes are applied; Barium chloride dihydrate product is obtained; One of the most common industrial production methods

Method 2: Calcium Chloride Method (From Barite)

• Reaction: BaSO₄ + 4C + CaCl₂ + 2H₂O → BaCl₂·2H₂O + CaS + 4CO

• Description: Barite is reacted with pulverized coal and calcium chloride aqueous solution; Hydrochloric acid is added after leaching for desulfurization; Evaporation, concentration, cooling crystallization, centrifugation, and drying yield barium chloride dihydrate product

Method 3: Chlorination Method (From Barium Sulfide)

• Reaction: BaS + Cl₂ → BaCl₂ + S

• Description: Barium sulfide melt is leached with water; The resulting barium sulfide solution is chlorinated with chlorine gas at 85-90°C; Barium chloride product is obtained

Method 4: Witherite-Hydrochloric Acid Method (From Witherite)

• Reaction: BaCO₃ + 2HCl + H₂O → BaCl₂·2H₂O + CO₂

• Description: Witherite (BaCO₃) powder is added to a reactor containing water; Hydrochloric acid is added at about 70°C under stirring; Filtration, evaporation, cooling crystallization, and centrifugation yield barium chloride dihydrate product

Method 5: Purification Method (From Industrial Barium Chloride)

• Process: Industrial BaCl₂ → Dissolve in hot water → Add 3% Ba(OH)₂ and (NH₄)₂S → Heat at 80-90°C → Settle and filter → Evaporate → Crystallize → Purified BaCl₂·2H₂O

• Description: Industrial barium chloride is dissolved in hot water; Barium hydroxide and ammonium sulfide solutions are added; Heated at 80-90°C for 20-30 minutes; After settling and filtration, evaporation yields crystals; Washing with cold water and drying at room temperature gives purified product

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (REAGENT / TECHNICAL GRADE)

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Note: Barium compounds have high toxicity; Hazardous to water and environment.

Signal Word: DANGER

Hazard Pictograms: GHS06 (Skull and Crossbones), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Toxic if swallowed (H301). High toxicity. 0.2-0.8 g intake causes poisoning; Lethal dose is 0.9-1.5 g. AVOID ingestion at ALL costs.

• Harmful if inhaled (H332). Do not breathe dust and fumes.

• Harmful in contact with skin (H312). Avoid skin contact; Absorption through skin is possible.

• Causes skin irritation (H315). Use protective gloves.

• Causes serious eye irritation (H319). Use eye protection.

• Poisoning Symptoms: Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated blood pressure, irregular pulse, difficulty breathing.

• Poisoning Treatment: Rapidly administer magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate; Perform gastric lavage; Administer enema and emetic measures.

• Not combustible but decomposes at high temperatures releasing toxic chlorine and barium oxide fumes.

• Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, sulfuric acid, interhalogen compounds, furan-2-percarbonic acid, and heat.

• Slightly hygroscopic. Protect from moisture.

• Store separately and away from food materials. Store locked up.

• Hazardous to water and environment (H412). Prevent environmental release. Do not discharge into water sources.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Analytical Chemistry Applications: Use for sulfate and selenate determination; Use high-purity reagent for accurate results in gravimetric analysis; Use for platinum determination and chromatographic analysis.

• Water Treatment: Use for sulfate removal and water softening; Control dosage and avoid overuse; Ensure wastewater treatment.

• Chemical Industry: Use as key raw material for other barium compound production; Control reaction conditions; Manage by-products properly.

• Metal Heat Treatment: Use as heating medium for high-temperature heat treatment and metal processing; Ensure controlled use in molten salt baths.

• Textile and Leather Industry: Use as mordant and matting agent; Use in dye fixing processes; Pay attention to wastewater treatment.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods; Avoid dust generation; Wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective goggles, face shield, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Wear impermeable gloves (nitrile, neoprene, butyl), chemical safety goggles, full-face shield, protective clothing, and NIOSH-approved dust mask/respirator.

• Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not take contaminated working clothes home; Shower at the end of the work shift.

• Storage: Store in tightly closed, properly labeled containers in dry conditions; Store separately and away from food materials; Keep away from heat and incompatible substances; Store at 5°C - 30°C; Store locked up.

• Spill Response: Avoid raising dust; Wear full PPE; Sweep spilled substance into covered containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways; Place in properly labeled closed containers.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Do not discharge into sewers or water sources; Barium compounds are regulated as hazardous waste.

POISONING EMERGENCY PROCEDURE:

• Poisoning Symptoms: Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated blood pressure, irregular pulse, difficulty breathing

• Emergency Response:

  1. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor

  2. Rapidly administer magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate (sulfate ions precipitate and bind barium)

  3. Perform gastric lavage

  4. Administer enema

  5. Take emetic measures

  6. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person

SPECIAL NOTE ON SULFATE DETERMINATION:

Barium chloride is the primary reagent used for sulfate ion determination:

• Reaction: Ba²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄↓ (white precipitate)

• Application: Gravimetric determination of sulfate ions

• Characteristic: Barium sulfate precipitate has very low solubility (Ksp ≈ 1.08 × 10⁻¹⁰)

• Other Determinations: Selenate (SeO₄²⁻) determination; Platinum determination; Chromatographic analysis

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.