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Send EmailSoybean Oil, Soya Oil, Soya Fat Oil, Soybean Oil, SBO, SFO, 8001-22-7
SOYBEAN OIL (SBO)
Soya Oil / Soybean Oil / Vegetable Oil (Soy)
CAS Number: 8001-22-7
EC Number: 232-274-4
1. IDENTIFICATION
| Property | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Soybean Oil / Soya Oil |
| Botanical Source | Glycine max (Soybean plant) |
| CAS Number | 8001-22-7 |
| EINECS Number | 232-274-4 |
| Molecular Formula | Not applicable (triglyceride mixture) |
| MDL Number | MFCD00132356 |
| RTECS | WG4862000 |
| HS Code | 1507100000 |
| TSCA Status | Listed |
| Appearance | Clear yellow to light amber liquid |
| Odor | Odorless or nearly odorless |
| Taste | Bland, mild taste |
2. GRADES & TYPES OF SOYBEAN OIL
| Grade | Description | Key Characteristics | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Soybean Oil | Unrefined oil from extraction | Dark color, high gum content, strong odor | Further refining, biodiesel |
| Degummed Soybean Oil | Phospholipids (gums) removed | Reduced lecithin content | Further processing, some industrial uses |
| Refined Soybean Oil | Fully refined (degummed, neutralized, bleached, deodorized) | Light color, neutral taste, stable | Cooking oil, salad dressings, general food use |
| Bleached Soybean Oil | Pigments removed via bleaching earth | Lighter color | Cosmetics, industrial applications |
| Deodorized Soybean Oil | Volatile odor compounds removed | Odorless, tasteless | Food, pharmaceutical applications |
| Winterized Soybean Oil | High melting point triglycerides removed | Remains clear at refrigerator temperatures | Salad dressings, clear liquid applications |
| Hydrogenated Soybean Oil | Partially or fully hydrogenated | Semi-solid to solid consistency | Margarine, shortening, spreads |
| Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) | Chemically modified (epoxidized) | Stabilized plasticizer | PVC plasticizer, stabilizer |
| Refined, Bleached, Deodorized (RBD) | Complete standard refining process | Highest purity, neutral profile | Food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics |
3. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Physical State (20°C) | Liquid |
| Appearance | Clear, yellow to light amber liquid |
| Color | Colorless to yellow |
| Odor | Odorless or nearly odorless |
| Taste | Bland, mild |
| Density (25°C) | 0.917 g/mL |
| Specific Gravity (25/25°C) | 0.916 – 0.922 |
| Refractive Index (20°C) | n20/D 1.4743 (Specification: 1.472 – 1.476) |
| Flash Point | >230°F (>110°C) |
| Melting Point | -20°C to -10°C (varies by composition) |
| Smoke Point (RBD) | 230-238°C (446-460°F) |
| Solubility in Water | Immiscible |
| Solubility in Organics | Miscible with ether, petroleum ether, chloroform; slightly soluble in ethanol |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C; cool, dry place; protect from rain, moisture, sunlight |
| Shelf Life | 12 months (under recommended conditions) |
4. QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS & ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS
| Parameter | Specification | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Relative Density (25/25°C) | 0.916 – 0.922 | General rule 0601 |
| Refractive Index (20°C) | 1.472 – 1.476 | General rule 0621 |
| Acid Value | ≤ 0.2 mg KOH/g | General rule 0713 |
| Saponification Value | 188 – 200 mg KOH/g | General rule 0713 |
| Iodine Value | 126 – 140 | General rule 0713 |
| Peroxide Value | ≤ 10.0 mEq/kg | General rule 0713 |
| Unsaponifiable Matter | ≤ 1.0% | General rule 0713 |
| Moisture Content | ≤ 0.1% | General rule 0832 (Method 1) |
| Heavy Metals | ≤ 5 ppm | General rule 0821 (Method 2) |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 0.0002% (2 ppm) | General rule 0822 (Method 1) |
5. FATTY ACID COMPOSITION (TYPICAL)
Soybean oil is a complex triglyceride mixture with the following typical fatty acid profile (measured as methyl esters by gas chromatography):
| Fatty Acid | Common Name | Specification Range |
|---|---|---|
| < C14 Saturated | Short chain saturates | ≤ 0.1% |
| C14:0 | Myristic acid | ≤ 0.2% |
| C16:0 | Palmitic acid | 9.0 – 13.0% |
| C16:1 | Palmitoleic acid | ≤ 0.3% |
| C18:0 | Stearic acid | 3.0 – 5.0% |
| C18:1 | Oleic acid (Omega-9) | 17.0 – 30.0% |
| C18:2 | Linoleic acid (Omega-6) | 48.0 – 58.0% |
| C18:3 | α-Linolenic acid (Omega-3) | 5.0 – 11.0% |
| C20:0 | Arachidic acid | ≤ 1.0% |
| C20:1 | Gadoleic acid | ≤ 1.0% |
| C22:0 | Behenic acid | ≤ 1.0% |
Key Feature: Soybean oil is particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid (Omega-6) and α-linolenic acid (Omega-3).
6. PRODUCTION & EXTRACTION PROCESS
Soybean oil is extracted from the seeds of the soybean plant (Glycine max) through a multi-stage process:
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Cleaning | Soybeans are cleaned to remove foreign matter (stones, dust, plant residue) |
| 2. Cracking & Dehulling | Beans are cracked and hulls are removed to expose the oil-rich interior |
| 3. Conditioning | The interior material is heated (conditioned) to optimize oil extraction |
| 4. Extraction | Mechanical Pressing: Traditional method using an expeller press; Solvent Extraction: Modern method using food-grade solvents (typically hexane) – higher yield |
| 5. Crude Oil | Crude soybean oil is obtained |
| 6. Refining (RBD Process) | Degumming: Removal of phospholipids (gums); Neutralization: Removal of free fatty acids; Bleaching: Removal of pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoids) using bleaching earth; Deodorization: Steam distillation under vacuum to remove volatile odor- and taste-causing compounds |
| 7. Winterization (Optional) | For specific applications, oil is cooled and filtered to remove high melting point triglycerides – ensures clarity at refrigerator temperatures |
| 8. Finished Oil | Refined, bleached, deodorized (RBD) soybean oil is packaged |
7. APPLICATIONS
7.1. Food Industry (Primary Use)
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Cooking Oil | Widely used for frying, sautéing, and general cooking due to high smoke point |
| Bakery Products | Provides moisture and texture in cakes, cookies, etc. |
| Salad Dressings & Mayonnaise | Base oil for emulsions due to neutral taste |
| Margarine & Shortening | Hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated soybean oil used to produce solid fats |
| Food Ingredient | Used in processed foods, sauces, marinades |
7.2. Industrial Applications
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Biodiesel Production | Primary feedstock for biodiesel (soy methyl esters) |
| Soap & Detergent Manufacturing | Saponified to produce soap |
| Paints & Coatings | Used as a drying oil in alkyd resins (less common than linseed oil) |
| Lubricants & Greases | Bio-based lubricants |
| Plasticizers | Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) used as plasticizer and stabilizer in PVC plastics |
7.3. Cosmetics & Personal Care
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Skin Care Products | Emollient, moisturizer in creams, lotions, balms |
| Hair Care Products | Added to conditioners and masks for nourishment |
| Makeup | Carrier oil in foundations and other cosmetics |
7.4. Pharmaceutical Industry (Excipient)
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Solvent & Dispersant | Carrier for oil-soluble drugs, vitamins (e.g., Vitamin E), and parenteral nutrition formulations (lipid emulsions) |
| Pharmaceutical Excipient | Solvent and dispersant in various formulations |
8. HEALTH BENEFITS & NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS
| Benefit | Description |
|---|---|
| Essential Fatty Acids | Provides linoleic acid (Omega-6) and α-linolenic acid (Omega-3) – essential for brain function, cell growth, and inflammation regulation |
| Vitamin E (Tocopherols) | Good source of Vitamin E – fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cells from oxidative damage and supports skin health |
| Heart Health | Polyunsaturated fats in soybean oil may help lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels when substituted for saturated fats |
| Skin Health | Emollient properties help maintain skin barrier function |
9. SYNONYMS & IDENTIFIERS
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Soya Oil | Common name |
| Soybean Oil | Full name |
| Vegetable Oil (Soy) | General category |
| Refined Soybean Oil | Process-based name |
| Degummed Soybean Oil | Process-based name |
| Bleached Soybean Oil | Process-based name |
| Deodorized Soybean Oil | Process-based name |
| CAP 18 | Trade name |
| CT 7000 | Trade name |
| HY 3050 | Trade name |
| Bionatrol | Trade name |
| Destiny HC | Trade name |
| Best One Soya | Trade name |
| Soya Acidulated Soapstock | Derivative name |
| Soya Deodorizer Distillate | Derivative name |
| Soybean Oil Fatty Acids, glycerol triester | Systematic name |
| Winterized Soybean Oil | Fraction name |
10. TOXICITY & SAFETY INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Toxicity Classification | Generally recognized as safe for consumption (GRAS) |
| Intravenous LD50 (Mouse) | 22,100 mg/kg |
| Hazard Classification | Non-hazardous material |
| Flammability | Combustible liquid – protect from sparks and open flames during storage and handling |
| Skin Irritation | Mild; not a significant irritant |
| Eye Irritation | Mild; flush with water if contacted |
First Aid Measures
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air (unlikely due to low volatility) |
| Skin Contact | Wash with soap and water |
| Eye Contact | Rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth; drink water; seek medical attention if large amount ingested |
11. STORAGE & HANDLING
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area; 2-8°C recommended |
| Protect From | Rain, moisture, direct sunlight, heat sources, sparks, open flames |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, food-grade containers (stainless steel, HDPE, lined drums) |
| Shelf Life | 12 months under recommended conditions |
| Oxidation Prevention | Store away from oxygen; use nitrogen blanketing for bulk storage |
| Packaging Options | 20 L jerry cans, 200 L drums, 1000 kg IBC, flexibag, bulk (road/rail tanker) |
12. REGULATORY INFORMATION
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| USA (FDA) | GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) – 21 CFR 184.1550 |
| EU | Authorized food ingredient; REACH registered for industrial uses |
| Turkey | Compliant with Turkish Food Codex for edible oils |
| TSCA | Listed |
| HS Code | 1507100000 (Crude); 1507900000 (Refined) |
13. UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS
| Raw Materials (Upstream) | Derivative Products (Downstream) |
|---|---|
| Soybean seeds (Glycine max) | Stearic acid |
| Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) | |
| Oleic acid | |
| Biodiesel (Soy Methyl Esters) | |
| Hydrogenated soybean oil | |
| Soapstock (refining by-product) | |
| Deodorizer distillate (Vitamin E & sterol source) | |
| Soybean oil fatty acids |
14. SUMMARY
Soybean Oil (SBO, CAS 8001-22-7) is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean plant (Glycine max). It is one of the most widely produced and consumed vegetable oils globally, valued for its neutral taste, high smoke point, and rich polyunsaturated fatty acid profile.
Key Features:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Source | Soybean seeds (Glycine max) |
| Appearance | Clear yellow to light amber liquid |
| Density | 0.916 – 0.922 g/mL |
| Iodine Value | 126 – 140 (semi-drying oil) |
| Key Fatty Acids | Linoleic (48-58%), Oleic (17-30%), Linolenic (5-11%) |
| Omega-3/Omega-6 | Rich source of essential fatty acids |
Main Application Areas:
| Sector | Applications |
|---|---|
| Food Industry | Cooking oil, salad dressings, mayonnaise, margarine, shortening |
| Industrial | Biodiesel, soaps, paints, lubricants, plasticizers (ESBO) |
| Cosmetics & Personal Care | Emollient, moisturizer, carrier oil |
| Pharmaceuticals | Excipient, carrier for lipid-soluble drugs, lipid emulsions |
15. IMPORTANT NOTES
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Allergen Information: Soybean oil is derived from soy, a major allergen. Refined soybean oil is generally considered safe for most soy-allergic individuals due to protein removal, but crude or cold-pressed oils may contain allergenic proteins.
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GMO Status: The majority of commercially produced soybean oil is derived from genetically modified (GMO) soybeans. Non-GMO and organic grades are available upon request.
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Trans Fats: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil contains trans fats. Fully hydrogenated oil does not contain trans fats but is high in saturated fats. RBD soybean oil contains no trans fats.
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Oxidation Sensitivity: Soybean oil contains high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, making it susceptible to oxidative rancidity. Store under nitrogen blanket or with added antioxidants (tocopherols, TBHQ, citric acid) for extended shelf life.
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Cold Stability: Non-winterized soybean oil may become cloudy or solidify at refrigerator temperatures (4°C). Use winterized grade for applications requiring cold clarity.
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Vegetable Oil Blend: Many commercial "vegetable oils" are actually blends of soybean oil with other oils (canola, corn, sunflower). Verify specifications for pure soybean oil.
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Non-GMO & Organic: Non-GMO and USDA Organic certified soybean oils are available from specialty suppliers at premium prices.
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Flame Point / Flash Point: While soybean oil has a flash point >110°C, it is combustible. Do not store near open flames or high heat sources.
Important Disclaimer: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. For complete safety, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.
