Dextrose Monohydrate, D-Glucose Monohydrate, Dextrose Hydrate, Glucose Monohydrate, Grape Sugar, Blood Sugar, Dextrosum Monohydricum, 77938-63-7

Dextrose Monohydrate, D-Glucose Monohydrate, Dextrose Hydrate, Glucose Monohydrate, Grape Sugar, Blood Sugar, Dextrosum Monohydricum, 77938-63-7

DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Dextrose (D-Glucose) Structure:

        CHO
        |
    H—C—OH
        |
    HO—C—H
        |
    H—C—OH
        |
    H—C—OH
        |
       CH₂OH

Structure Description:

• Simple sugar (monosaccharide).

• Aldohexose (six-carbon sugar with an aldehyde group).

• Naturally occurring in plant sap, grapes, and other fruit juices.

• Natural component of human blood.

• Contains one molecule of water of crystallization (monohydrate).

• Purity: 100% dextrose equivalent (DE).

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: DEXTROSE vs OTHER SWEETENERS

SECTION 4: MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION PROCESS

Industrial Production Method (Starch Hydrolysis):

Process Flow:
Starch (Corn/Wheat) → Hydrolysis (Acid/Enzymatic) → Purification (Filtration/Carbon) → Evaporation (Concentration) → Crystallization (Cooling) → Centrifugation → Drying → Milling → Final Product

Step-by-Step Description:

1. Hydrolysis: Starch (usually corn starch) is hydrolyzed using enzymes (amylases) or acids. This breaks down starch into smaller sugar units (dextrose/glucose).

2. Purification: The resulting syrup is purified through filtration and carbon treatment to remove impurities, color, and off-flavors.

3. Evaporation: The purified solution is concentrated by evaporation to achieve the desired solids content.

4. Crystallization: The concentrated solution is cooled under controlled conditions to allow dextrose monohydrate crystals to form.

5. Centrifugation: Crystals are separated from the mother liquor (remaining syrup) by centrifugation.

6. Drying: The separated crystals are dried to achieve the specified moisture content (monohydrate form contains ~8% water).

7. Milling: Dried product is milled to achieve the desired particle size.

8. Final Product: White crystalline powder with 100% dextrose equivalent (DE).

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: SAMPLE FORMULATIONS

Sports Drink (Energy Beverage):

Instructions: Dissolve dextrose and other ingredients in water with stirring; Adjust pH to desired level; Pasteurize or filter; Package in appropriate containers.

Pharmaceutical IV Solution (Dextrose 5%):

Instructions: Dissolve dextrose in water for injection; Adjust pH if needed; Sterilize by autoclaving or filtration; Package in sterile IV bags or vials.

SECTION 9: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 11: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):

Signal Word: None (Not classified as hazardous)

Hazard Pictograms: None

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 12: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 13: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 14: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 15: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 16: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 17: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 18: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 19: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 20: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 21: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• GRAS Status: FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1857); EFSA approved; Safe for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic use.

• Non-Toxic: Very low toxicity; Non-irritating; Well-tolerated.

• High Glycemic Index: ~100; Diabetics should monitor intake; May cause blood sugar spikes.

• Hygroscopic: Absorbs moisture from air; Store in tightly closed containers.

• Fermentable: Readily fermented by yeast and microorganisms; Used in fermentation applications.

• Corn Source: May contain trace corn proteins; Rare allergenicity (corn allergy).

• Not a Direct Substitute for Sucrose: Different sweetness; May affect texture and properties in formulations.

• Caking: May cake if exposed to high humidity.

• Common Ingredient: One of the most widely used food ingredients globally.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Food Industry: Use as sweetener and energy source; Confectionery, baked goods, beverages, jams, ice cream; Dosage: 5-20% depending on product; Dissolve in water for beverages; Use direct addition to dry mixes.

• Baking: Use as yeast nutrient; Dosage: 2-5% of flour weight; Accelerates fermentation; Improves dough quality; Prevents staling; Reduces yeast requirement.

• Pharmaceutical: Use as excipient and filler; Tablets, capsules, IV solutions; Pharmaceutical grade required; Use in hypoglycemia treatment (oral/IV).

• Sports Nutrition: Use in energy drinks and sports supplements; Dosage: 5-10%; Provides rapid energy; Combine with electrolytes.

• Cosmetics: Use as humectant and moisturizer; Dosage: 1-5%; Dissolve in water phase; Suitable for creams, lotions, and cleansers.

• Fermentation: Use as substrate for microbial fermentation; Ethanol and organic acid production; Economical carbon source; Use appropriate fermentation conditions.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Dust mask (N95/FFP2) if dust is generated, safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing.

• Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using; Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

• Storage: Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers; Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture and heat; Recommended: <25°C, <65% RH; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 24-48 months under proper conditions.

• Spill Management: Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Non-hazardous waste; Can be incinerated in compliance with regulations.

DETECTION METHODS:

DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE vs ALTERNATIVES COMPARISON:

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.