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Send EmailAluminum oxide, Aluminamesh, alpha Alumina, alumina activated, Aluminium oxide wafer, activated alumina ball, activated alumina desiccant, Aluminum Oxide, Neutral-H15152, Aluminum Oxide, Basic, Brockmann Activity Grade I, 1344-28-1, 11092-32-3, 1302-74-5
Aluminum oxide
CAS: 1344-28-1;11092-32-3;1302-74-5
Molecular Formula: Al2O3
Names and Identifiers
| Name | Aluminum oxide |
| Synonyms | Aluminamesh alpha Alumina alpha-Alumina Aluminum oxide Aluminium oxide activated alumina alumina activated Alumina B, Active corundum, artificial Aluminium oxide wafer Aluminium oxide,active activated alumina ball oxo-oxoalumanyloxy-alumane dialuminum oxygen(-2) anion activated alumina desiccant Aluminumoxidegammamodmicron Aluminum Oxide, Neutral-H15152 Corundum (lattice spacing, other parameters) Aluminum Oxide, Basic, Brockmann Activity Grade I Aluminum Oxide, Neutral, Brockmann Activity Grade I Aluminum oxide, Drysphere? desiccant, Without indicator |
| CAS | 1344-28-1 11092-32-3 1302-74-5 |
| EINECS | 215-691-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2Al.3O/q2*+3;3*-2 |
| InChIKey | PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Al2O3 |
| Molar Mass | 101.96 |
| Density | 3.97 |
| Melting Point | 2040°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 2980°C |
| Flash Point | 2980°C |
| Water Solubility | INSOLUBLE |
| Solubility | Miscible with ethanol. |
| Vapor Presure | 17 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Specific Gravity | 3.97 |
| Color | White to pink |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3OSHA: TWA 15 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,356 |
| PH | 7.0±0.5 ( in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| Refractive Index | 1.765 |
| MDL | MFCD00003424 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties |
density 3.97 |
| Use | For functional ceramics, electronic ceramics, laser materials, adsorbents, chromatography, etc |
Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R11 - Highly Flammable R36 - Irritating to the eyes |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| WGK Germany | - |
| RTECS | BD1200000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28181010 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Toxicity | Chronic inhalation of Al2O3 dusts may cause lung damage. |
Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Ammonium hydroxide Sodium carbonate Aluminum Aluminum hydroxide Calcium carbonate Hydrochloric acid |
| Downstream Products | Aluminium dihydrogen phosphate lead(ii) tetrafluoroborate solution Aluminum nitride Sodium aluminate Hydrogen peroxide Aluminum oxide |
Nature
white crystalline powder. Easy to absorb moisture but not deliquescent. Melting Point: 2050 ℃; Boiling Point: 2980 ℃; Relative density: 965. Hardness, Mohs hardness of 8.8. For the electrical insulator, the volume resistivity at 300 ° C. Was (1.2 × 1013Q.cm). Almost insoluble in water and ethanol, ether and other non-polar organic solvents. The solubility in weak acid or weak base is very small. Dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, slowly dissolved in alkali solution to form hydroxide.
Preparation Method
aluminum hydroxide was heated and dehydrated to obtain aluminum oxide. Alternatively, particulate alumina is obtained by reacting aluminum chloride vapor with oxygen or water vapor at temperatures above 1000 °c. Aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate and other salts can also be directly thermally decomposed at 1200 to 1300 ° C. To obtain aluminum oxide.
Use
Analytical reagents, dehydration of organic solvents, abrasives, polishing agents, also used to lyse yeast cells or the grinding mixture of the microbiome.
Safety
It was packed in a plywood barrel lined with a polyethylene plastic bag with a net weight of 40kg per barrel. Should be stored in a dry, ventilated warehouse to prevent moisture.
Reference Information
| pH indicator color change ph range | 3.5 - 4.5 |
| physical properties | alumina is commonly known as alumina, chemical formula Al2O3, a refractory and insoluble white powder. The melting point is 2015 ℃, the boiling point is 2980 ℃, the relative density is 4.0, and the Mohs hardness is 8.8. It has different crystal forms, mainly α and γ variants. Aluminum hydroxide is heated and dehydrated to obtain aluminum oxide. The α-type alumina that exists in nature is called corundum, and its hardness is second only to diamond. A small amount of impurities can make corundum with various colors, called gemstones, such as rubies (containing a small amount of Cr3) and sapphires (containing Ti3) And Fe2 ,Fe3 ), now gemstones can be made by artificial crystallization of molten alumina. Artificial gemstones are not inferior to natural gemstones in their properties and are widely used in industrial technology. For example, bearings used as fast rotating parts of machines, diamonds, abrasives and refractory materials on clocks, and corundum crucibles can withstand high temperatures of 1800 ℃. Alumina is one of the main components of the earth's crust. Pure alumina is the main raw material for smelting metallic aluminum. aluminum is easily oxidized by air to generate alumina. aluminum products are placed in the air, and a thin layer of dense alumina protective film is formed on the surface, which protects the aluminum inside from being oxidized, so aluminum products can be used as living utensils such as cooking utensils. Alumina is an amphoteric oxide, which is soluble in acid and alkali. Therefore, aluminum products are not resistant to acid and alkali. When encountering acid or alkali, the oxide film on the outer layer will be destroyed. Activated alumina is a porous solid that can adsorb a variety of substances and is often used as a desiccant, adsorbent and catalyst. Figure 1 shows activated alumina. |
| chemical activity | decreases significantly with the increase of its lattice energy. the chemical activity of colloidal aluminum hydroxide is the largest, and the chemical activity of γ series compounds is much greater than that of α series isomers. Corundum is an inert compound, which is not corroded by strong acids and bases even at 573K, and has a high melting point (2326K) and a Mohs hardness of up to 9. Alumina and aluminum hydroxide are actually insoluble in water, but soluble in acid and alkali solutions. They are typical amphoteric compounds. Their alkalinity and acidity are weak. Only strong acid aluminum salt solution is very stable and does not hydrolyze. Therefore, inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid can be used to decompose aluminum ore to produce corresponding aluminum salt solution to produce aluminum oxide. Alumina and aluminum hydroxide are dissolved in caustic solution to form aluminate solution. They react with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxides at high temperature to obtain various aluminates. Its sodium, potassium, and barium salts can be directly dissolved in water, while calcium aluminate can only be converted into sodium aluminate solution after reacting with sodium carbonate solution. These properties of alumina form the theoretical basis for its alkaline production. |
| alumina catalyst | catalyst is prepared from aluminum hydroxide dehydration, direct thermal decomposition of aluminum salt or aluminum oxidation. α-Al2O3 has a small specific surface area and almost no catalytic activity. γ-Al2O3 and η-Al2O3 have large specific surface, high porosity, strong heat resistance, good formability, strong surface acidity and certain surface alkalinity, and are widely used as catalysts and carriers. alumina has high catalytic activity for various dehydration reactions, and has catalytic activity for olefin skeleton isomerization, olefin polymerization, H2-D2 exchange, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and other reactions. As a basic catalyst, it has high catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of carbon oxysulfide and carbon disulfide. Alumina is one of the most used and used carriers. It can be made into balls, sheets, strips, trilobes, honeycombs, microspheres and other types and sizes of particles. Active components are supported as carriers and can interact with them to improve catalytic activity and selectivity. The catalyst can also be prepared by co-precipitation, mixing and other methods together with the active component. Although α-Al2O3 without catalytic activity has a small specific surface area and a small loading capacity, it has good thermal stability and can be used as a catalyst for hydrocarbon gas phase oxidation and a carrier for precious metal catalysts. Activated alumina can be obtained through specific low-temperature dehydration. It is a porous substance with low density, large surface area (the surface area per gram can reach hundreds of square meters), and large porosity, so it can adsorb water vapor and A variety of gas and liquid molecules. Commonly used as catalyst, catalyst carrier and adsorbent. It is the most widely used catalyst carrier, and its dosage accounts for about 70% of the supported catalysts in industry. It is also commonly used as a desiccant, and its drying ability is no less than that of phosphorus pentoxide. |
| use | 1. the diversification of alumina properties makes it have a wide range of uses, but more than 90% are used to make metallic aluminum, and the rest are used as fillers for plastics and other polymer products, adsorbents and catalysts, raw materials for medicines, cosmetics and chemical products, ceramics, abrasives and refractory materials, etc. China is used to call it special alumina or multi-variety alumina. There is a growing trend in its varieties and needs. 2. alumina is the main raw material for electrolytic metal aluminum. the purer the alumina used, the purer the aluminum is. Since it is more difficult to purify aluminum than alumina, the purification of alumina before electrolysis is very important. Alumina is one of the main components of the earth's crust. Aluminum ore mainly includes bauxite Al2O3 · 2H2O, alunite (AlO)2SO4 · 9H2O, aluminum clay H2Al(SiO4)· H2O, etc. my country is very rich in aluminum resources, such as Taiwan, Shandong, Shanxi, Guizhou, Kunming, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning and other places have large reserves. Natural bauxite is the best raw material for preparing alumina, with a general content of up to 40% ~ 60%, and the rest are mainly impurities such as silica, iron oxide and scattered elements. Using the commonality and individuality of their chemical properties, alumina can be separated from other impurities. The purification methods mainly include acid method and alkali method. Activated alumina, or γ-type alumina, is a porous substance with an internal surface area of up to hundreds of square meters per gram. It has extremely high activity and can adsorb water vapor and many gas and liquid molecules. It is often used as an adsorbent, Catalyst carrier and desiccant. 3. The artificially produced alumina fiber is mainly composed of alumina and contains about 5% silica (used to stabilize the crystalline phase of alumina). It is often used for various heat treatment furnaces in the steel industry and The thermal insulation lining of cracking furnaces in the petrochemical industry, thermal insulation materials for nuclear reactors and space shuttles, and reinforcement materials for light alloys. Alumina fiber is polycrystalline alumina fiber. It is made by colloid method or organic fiber impregnation method (organic fiber precursor method), and its structure is in the form of microcrystals, thus eliminating the disadvantage of recrystallization and pulverization of fibers made by melt blowing method. This kind of fiber has great strength at room temperature and high temperature, high resistance to use temperature, small bulk density, good chemical stability, strong heat preservation, excellent dielectric and sound absorption properties, etc. used for polishing abrasives, artificial teeth, artificial bones, magnetic tapes, picture tubes, red sapphire, electrical high-density ceramic substrates, etc. used to manufacture artificial gemstones, main accessories of YAG laser crystals and integrated circuit substrates. Used as analytical reagent and high-pressure sodium lamp arc tube advanced ceramic raw material. used for forging heating furnace, soaking furnace and other industrial high temperature furnace. Can be used as sealing material and filling material. It can also be used as reinforcing fiber for strengthening, furnace lining of kiln, calciner for electronic components (IC board, ferrite), etc. Used as a catalyst and catalyst carrier, it is the main catalyst and carrier in petroleum refining and petrochemical industry. It is also used as dehumidifying agent for air and other gases, deacidification agent for transformer oil and turbine oil. Used for rare earth tricolor phosphors, long afterglow phosphors raw materials, submicron/nano grinding materials, etc. Used for functional ceramics, electronic ceramics, laser materials, adsorbents, chromatography, etc. Used as analytical reagents, catalysts Can be used as grinding materials and refractory materials Used as desiccant, adsorbent, catalyst carrier Used as aluminum silicate fiber binder, catalyst carrier, textile auxiliaries, etc. Used as catalyst carrier, catalyst, binder, etc. VB12 produced by pharmaceutical factory as adsorbent, fillers in the paint industry can be used as combustion improver in the petroleum industry It is widely used in the production of high-aluminum ceramics and high-grade refractory materials and electronic components, spark plugs, capacitors, corundum products, ceramic appliances, wear-resistant molds, etc. Used as column chromatography adsorbent, polishing agent, silicon crystal slice adhesive Used for thin layer chromatography analysis, also used as adsorbent and catalyst carrier used as desiccant, purifier, catalyst and catalyst carrier in petrochemical industry nano alumina can be used to make artificial gemstones, analytical reagents and nano-scale catalysts and carriers due to its small particle size. It can greatly improve its luminous strength when used in luminescent materials, toughen ceramics and rubber, which is several times higher than ordinary alumina, especially to improve the compactness, smoothness, cold and heat fatigue of ceramics. Nano-alumina is mainly used in the main accessories of YGA laser crystals and integrated circuit substrates, and used in coatings to improve wear resistance. Application scope: 1. Transparent ceramics: high-pressure sodium lamp tube, EP-ROM window; 2. Cosmetic filler; 3. Single crystal, ruby, sapphire, white gem, yttrium aluminum garnet; 4. High-strength alumina ceramics, C substrate, packaging materials, cutting tools, high-purity crucibles, spools, bombardment targets, furnace tubes; 5. |
| Metallurgical grade alumina | Alumina used as a raw material for the production of metallic aluminum is called metallurgical grade alumina. The quality of metallurgical grade alumina has a significant impact on the quality of metallic aluminum, production energy consumption, and environmental protection. Therefore, there are certain requirements for the quality of metallurgical grade alumina. These requirements mainly include impurity content and physical properties. In terms of physical properties, it is required to have a coarse and uniform particle size, good fluidity but not flying, good adsorption capacity and easy to dissolve in aluminum electrolyte. "Sand-like" alumina with low calcination degree has become the mainstream of alumina production, and "flour-like" alumina with fine particle size and high calcination degree has tended to be eliminated. The general requirements for the quality of metallurgical grade alumina are listed in the table. The quality requirements for alumina are often different due to the different specific conditions of the product specifications followed by each manufacturer. The wear coefficient listed in the table is an index to characterize the strength of alumina. It refers to the content of-0.044mm grain added after the alumina sample is circulated in the pipeline by pneumatic transportation under certain conditions. ▼ ▲ Impurity Content Impurity Fe2O3SiO2TiO2CaONa2O Content (Mass Fraction & omega;)/%& le;0.02 & le;0.02 & le;0.004 & le;0.004 & le;0.500 physical properties particle size distribution/%+0.149mm & lt;5,+0.044mm & gt;92,-0.044mm & lt;8 stack density & rho;/kg & middot;m-3 loose accumulation 950~1000, tight accumulation 1050~1100 specific surface area A/m2 & middot;g-150 ~ 80 attached moisture (mass fraction & omega;)/%& lt;1.00 (heated to 573K) burning reduction (mass fraction & omega;)/%& lt;1.00(573~1473K) wear coefficient -0.044mm grain increment & lt;4% ~ 15%,& alpha;-Al2O3 content (by optical analysis or X-ray diffraction analysis) <20% the table above is the general requirement for the quality of metallurgical grade alumina. |
| alumina ceramics | alumina ceramics are nearly inert bioceramics. Implanted in vivo and on its surface to generate extremely thin fibrous membrane with good biocompatibility. Ceramic and tissue are physically combined, so it is necessary to drill holes or make surface threads and grooves on the implant to enhance retention by increasing bone and fibrous tissue. There are two kinds of single crystal and polycrystal. Polycrystalline alumina ceramics are fired with alumina powder, which can be used to make artificial roots, artificial bones and artificial joints. Single crystal alumina is produced by torrential melting method and has higher mechanical strength than polycrystalline alumina. Due to its high elastic modulus, chronic mechanical stimulation of the alveolar bone occurs during chewing, leading to chronic inflammation of the tissue and other undesirable consequences. It can also be made into porous alumina ceramics, but the pore size must be greater than 250 μm to allow bone tissue to grow into it; the surface porosity should not exceed 50%, otherwise the strength will be greatly reduced. |
| production method | there are three preparation methods: acid method, alkali method and alcohol aluminum method. At present, the domestic main use of alkali method, a few manufacturers use alcohol aluminum method. In the acid method, aluminum sulfate is prepared into a 6% aqueous solution, added into a neutralization tank, and then liquid ammonia is prepared into 15% ~ 20% ammonia water. The ammonia water is quickly added according to the calculated amount, and the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 40~60 min under strong stirring until the pH value reaches about 8~9, and the reaction is basically completed. The generated precipitate is filtered by press and washed with non-ionic water to remove impurity ions. Generally, a small amount of ammonia water is added to the washing water to adjust the pH value to 8~9, so as to prevent material loss caused by gelling process of aluminum hydroxide during washing. Add a small amount of 33% nitric acid solution to the washed precipitate to form colloidal slurry under strong stirring (this process is called beating). After spray drying, the obtained microspherical aluminum hydroxide is extruded into strips, and calcined and activated at 550 ℃ for 4 hours, I .e. dehydrated to form activated aluminum oxide. Its A12(SO4)3+6NH3?H2O → 2AI(OH)3 ↓ +3(NH4)2SO42AI(OH)3 → A12O3 + 3H2O alkali method mixes industrial solid caustic soda with water to form caustic soda solution with a concentration of 600g/L, adds aluminum hydroxide at 50~80 ℃, raises the temperature to 110 ℃, holds the temperature for 3 h, reacts, dilutes the obtained solution with water to 100g/L alumina, and stands for 0.5~1h, after filtration, insoluble impurities such as iron hydroxide are removed, the clear liquid and 20% nitric acid solution are neutralized according to a certain proportion, the temperature is controlled at 30~50 ℃, the pH is controlled at 7~7.5, and the reaction liquid is aged under normal temperature stirring for 2 hours after about 10 min of reaction, activated alumina was prepared by filtration, washing with non-ionic water for many times, drying at 110 ℃, extrusion molding, drying and activation at 500 ℃ for 4 hours. Its AI(OH)3 + NaOH → NaAIO2 +2H2ONaAIO2 + HNO3 → AI(OH)3 + NaNO32AI(OH)3[△]→ A12O3 + 3H2O aluminum alkoxide method adds metal aluminum sheets to isopropanol solution for reaction to generate aluminum isopropoxide, and hydrolyzes aluminum isopropoxide through water vapor bubbling (inlet temperature 180 ℃, hydrolysis temperature 175 ℃) to generate hydrated alumina, activated alumina was prepared by curing, filtering, drying at 100 ℃, dehydrating and activating at 500 ℃. Its Al +3(CH3)2CHOH →(C3H7O)3AI + H2 ↑ 2(C3H7O)3AI + 4H2O → A12O3?H2O +6C3H7OHA12O3?H2O[△]→ A12O3 + H2O Polymerize organic aluminum compounds such as trialkyl aluminum into viscous polymer solution with water, and then add alkyl silicate and organic solvent. It is made into organoaluminum compound fibers by the usual dry spinning method. The primary fiber is heated and inorganic, and calcined into alumina fiber at a high temperature of 1000 ℃. In the aqueous solution of A12(OH)3 C13?2H2O, subfine particles of α-Al2O3 micropowder and magnesium chloride hexahydrate were added to make viscous primary fibers, SiO2 glass coating was formed on the fiber surface, and further alumina long fibers were made. Polyepoxy silica and organic polymer compounds are added to the aluminum salt aqueous solution to make viscous primary fibers, which are then processed into δ-A12O3 short fibers. high temperature quick removal method: aluminum hydroxide (hydrated alumina) is quickly dehydrated, molded, hydrothermal treated and dried at high temperature to obtain the finished product. Carbonization aluminum glue method: mixing aluminum hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, and then neutralizing, carbon dioxide carbonization, water washing, filter pressing, drying, crushing, kneading, extruding, drying, calcining and other processes to obtain finished products. Spray drying method: aluminum hydroxide is reacted with industrial sulfuric acid, and then the finished product is prepared by processes such as alkali neutralization, water washing, spray drying, and calcination. Oil column molding method: The aluminum ingot is dissolved with industrial hydrochloric acid, and then the finished product is prepared by the process of oil column pellet, water washing, drying, calcination, etc. Various conditions in the preparation process, especially precipitation conditions, have a great influence on the crystal form, surface area, pore structure, etc. of the product. Generally, amorphous aluminum hydroxide and pseudo-boehmite are easily obtained at low temperature and low pH value., High pH value is easy to produce gibbite. Pseudoboehmite was calcined at 430~500 ℃ to obtain γ-Al2O3, and β gibbite was calcined at 300 ℃ to obtain η-Al2O3. high purity ammonium alum pyrolysis method using aluminum sulfate and ammonium sulfate as raw materials to synthesize ammonium alum (aluminum ammonium sulfate), after dehydration, pyrolysis to generate alumina, and then through phase inversion to obtain γ-,α-alumina. |
