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Send EmailSodium Sulfide, Disodium Sulfide, Sodium Monosulfide, Sodium Sulphide Anhydrous, 1313-82-2, 1313-84-4, 27610-45-3
SODIUM SULFIDE (Na₂S)
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Sodium Sulfide |
| Chemical Name | Sodium Sulfide |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Sodyum Sülfür, Zırnık, Sodyum Monosülfür, Susuz Sodyum Sülfür |
| Synonyms (English) | Sodium Sulfide, Disodium Sulfide, Sodium Monosulfide, Sodium Sulphide Anhydrous |
| CAS Number | 1313-82-2 (Anhydrous) / 1313-84-4 (Pentahydrate/Nonahydrate) / 27610-45-3 |
| EC Number | 215-211-5 / 608-114-8 |
| UN Number | UN 1385 (Anhydrous) / UN 1849 (Hydrated) |
| Molecular Formula | Na₂S |
| Molecular Weight | 78.045 g/mol |
| Appearance | Hygroscopic powder, colorless to yellowish, brownish, or pinkish (due to impurities) |
| Odor | Rotten egg odor (due to release of hydrogen sulfide gas) |
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
Sodium Sulfide Structure:
Na⁺ S²⁻ Na⁺
Structure Description:
-
Ionic compound composed of two sodium cations (Na⁺) and one sulfide anion (S²⁻).
-
Hygroscopic powder, colorless to yellowish/brownish/pinkish.
-
Strong reducing agent.
-
Soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
-
Has a characteristic rotten egg odor (from H₂S release).
-
Strongly alkaline in aqueous solution.
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Sodium Sulfide |
| Chemical Name | Sodium Sulfide |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Sodyum Sülfür, Zırnık, Sodyum Monosülfür, Susuz Sodyum Sülfür |
| Synonyms (English) | Sodium Sulfide, Disodium Sulfide, Sodium Monosulfide, Sodium Sulphide Anhydrous |
| CAS Number | 1313-82-2 (Anhydrous) / 1313-84-4 (Pentahydrate/Nonahydrate) / 27610-45-3 |
| EC Number | 215-211-5 / 608-114-8 |
| UN Number | UN 1385 (Anhydrous) / UN 1849 (Hydrated) |
| Molecular Formula | Na₂S |
| Molecular Weight | 78.045 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Inorganic salt; Sulfide; Strong reducing agent; Alkali |
| Source | Synthetic (reduction of sodium sulfate with carbon) |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (powder, flakes, or lumps) |
| Odor | Rotten egg odor (H₂S release) |
| Color | Colorless to yellowish, brownish, or pinkish (depending on purity) |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Hygroscopic powder, colorless to yellowish/brownish/pinkish | Visual |
| Odor | Rotten egg odor (H₂S release) | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | 78.045 g/mol | Calculated |
| Density | 1.856 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 |
| Melting Point | 1180°C | DSC |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes | – |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | 12.4 g/100 mL (soluble) | General Method |
| Solubility in Alcohol | Slightly soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Ether | Insoluble | General Method |
| pH (1% Solution) | ~12.0 – 13.0 (strongly alkaline) | pH Meter |
| Stability | Unstable in air; Absorbs CO₂ and moisture | – |
| Hygroscopicity | High (absorbs moisture from air) | – |
| Reducing Properties | Strong reducing agent | – |
| Decomposition | Reacts with acids to release H₂S (toxic gas) | – |
| Assay (Na₂S) | ≥ 60.0 – 98.0% (grade dependent) | Titrimetric |
| Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃) | Variable | – |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Water Insoluble | ≤ 0.1% | Gravimetric |
SECTION 3: SODIUM SULFIDE vs OTHER SULFUR COMPOUNDS
| Property | Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) | Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS) | Sodium Sulfite (Na₂SO₃) | Sodium Thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 1313-82-2 | 16721-80-5 | 7757-83-7 | 7772-98-7 |
| Molecular Weight | 78.045 g/mol | 56.06 g/mol | 126.04 g/mol | 158.11 g/mol |
| Reducing Strength | Very strong | Strong | Mild | Mild |
| Odor | Rotten egg (H₂S) | Rotten egg (H₂S) | Odorless | Odorless |
| pH (1% Solution) | 12-13 | 10-12 | 8-9 | 6-8 |
| Solubility in Water | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble |
| Primary Use | Reducing agent, leather, textile | Reducing agent, flotation | Preservative, water treatment | Fixer, photographic |
| Reaction with Acids | H₂S gas (toxic) | H₂S gas (toxic) | SO₂ gas | SO₂ gas |
SECTION 4: MECHANISM OF ACTION
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Reducing Agent | Strong reducing agent; Donates electrons to other compounds; Reduces metal ions to elemental metals; Used in chemical synthesis and metal processing. |
| Sulfidation | Reacts with metal ions to form metal sulfides; Used in mineral flotation (sulfidization); Precipitates heavy metals as sulfides (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd). |
| Hair Removal (Leather) | Hydrolyzes keratin in animal hair; Breaks down hair protein structure; Used in leather tanning (liming and unhairing); Effective in removing hair from hides. |
| Kraft Pulping (Paper) | Breaks down lignin in wood; Used in kraft pulping process; Dissolves lignin and separates cellulose fibers; Improves pulp yield and quality. |
| pH Regulation | Strongly alkaline in aqueous solution; Used as a pH regulator; Neutralizes acidic streams; Maintains alkaline conditions. |
| Decomposition / Acid Reaction | Reacts with acids to release hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas; H₂S is highly toxic (respiratory hazard); Requires careful handling and ventilation. |
SECTION 5: PRODUCTION PROCESS
Industrial Production Methods:
Method 1: Reduction of Sodium Sulfate with Carbon
Reaction: Na₂SO₄ + 4C → Na₂S + 4CO
Process Flow:
Sodium Sulfate (Na₂SO₄) + Carbon (C) → High Temperature (≈1000°C) → Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) + Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Description: Sodium sulfate is mixed with carbon (coal or coke) and heated to high temperature in a furnace. The reaction produces sodium sulfide and carbon monoxide gas. The product is cooled, crushed, and packaged.
Method 2: Barium Sulfate Process (Metathesis)
Reaction: Na₂SO₄ + BaS → Na₂S + BaSO₄
Description: Sodium sulfate reacts with barium sulfide to produce sodium sulfide and barium sulfate (precipitate). The sodium sulfide solution is separated, concentrated, and crystallized.
Method 3: Reduction with Hydrogen
Reaction: Na₂SO₄ + 4H₂ → Na₂S + 4H₂O
Description: Sodium sulfate is reduced with hydrogen gas at high temperature to produce sodium sulfide and water. This method is less common.
SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Reducing Agent | Strong reducing agent for chemical reactions; Used in organic synthesis and chemical processing; Reduces metal ions and compounds. |
| Hair Removal (Unhairing) | Hydrolyzes keratin in animal hair; Used in leather processing; Removes hair from hides; Essential for leather tanning. |
| Pulp & Paper Processing | Breaks down lignin (kraft process); Used in paper pulp production; Dissolves lignin and separates fibers; Improves pulp quality. |
| Mineral Flotation | Sulfidizing agent for mineral flotation; Used in copper, zinc, lead ore processing; Activates oxide minerals; Improves flotation efficiency. |
| Precipitation | Precipitates metal ions as sulfides; Used in wastewater treatment; Removes heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg); Used in chemical analysis. |
| Sulfur Dyeing (Textile) | Used in textile dyeing (sulfur dyes); Reduces sulfur dyes to soluble leuco form; Improves dye uptake; Used in cotton and viscose dyeing. |
SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS
| Industry / Application | Function | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|
| Leather Industry | Unhairing, liming | Removes hair from hides; Essential for leather processing; Used in liming and unhairing baths; Dosage: 2-10% of hide weight; Combined with calcium hydroxide. |
| Textile Industry | Dyeing, reducing agent | Sulfur dyeing (reduction to leuco form); Indigo dyeing; Vat dye reduction; Dosage: 1-5% of fabric weight; Used in cotton and viscose processing. |
| Pulp & Paper Industry | Kraft pulping, delignification | Kraft process (lignin removal); Pulp bleaching; Wood chip processing; Dosage: 20-50 kg/ton pulp; Combined with sodium hydroxide. |
| Mining & Metallurgy | Flotation agent, sulfidizer | Copper, zinc, lead ore flotation; Sulfidization of oxide minerals; Selective flotation; Dosage: 0.1-2 kg/ton ore. |
| Chemical Industry | Reducing agent, chemical intermediate | Organic synthesis; Production of other sulfur compounds; Chemical processing; Wastewater treatment (heavy metal precipitation). |
| Water & Wastewater Treatment | Heavy metal precipitation | Removes heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg); Precipitates metal sulfides; pH adjustment; Dosage: 1-10 ppm (metal dependent). |
| Ceramics | Fining agent, suppressor | Used in ceramic production; Suppressor for quartz; Improves ceramic properties. |
| Paper Recycling | De-inking, pulping | De-inking of recycled paper; Pulping aid; Lignin removal. |
SECTION 8: SAMPLE FORMULATIONS
Leather Unhairing Bath:
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) | 2 – 10% of hide weight |
| Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) | 5 – 10% of hide weight |
| Water | To 100% |
Instructions: Dissolve sodium sulfide and calcium hydroxide in water; Immerse hides; Maintain temperature and time; Remove hair; Wash thoroughly.
Textile Sulfur Dyeing Bath:
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) | 5 – 10% of fabric weight |
| Sulfur Dye | 2 – 5% of fabric weight |
| Water | To 100% |
| Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) | As required |
Instructions: Dissolve sodium sulfide in water; Add sulfur dye and reduce to leuco form; Immerse fabric; Dye; Oxidize to fix color; Wash and neutralize.
SECTION 9: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Technical Grade (Anhydrous) | Hydrated Grade (60%) | High Purity Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless to yellowish/pinkish flakes | Yellowish to reddish flakes | Colorless to white | Visual |
| Assay (Na₂S) | ≥ 98.0% | ≥ 60.0% | ≥ 99.0% | Titrimetric |
| Sodium Carbonate | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 0.5% | Titrimetric |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 40.0% | ≤ 0.5% | Gravimetric |
| pH (1% Solution) | 12.0 – 13.0 | 12.0 – 13.0 | 12.0 – 13.0 | pH Meter |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Water Insoluble | ≤ 0.1% | ≤ 0.5% | ≤ 0.05% | Gravimetric |
SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | ~ 200 – 500 mg/kg (highly toxic) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Corrosive; Causes severe skin burns |
| Skin Irritation | Corrosive (Category 1A/1B/1C) |
| Eye Irritation | Serious eye damage (Category 1) |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Toxic; Releases H₂S gas (highly toxic); May cause respiratory irritation and damage |
| Chronic Toxicity | May cause systemic toxicity; Long-term exposure may affect liver and kidneys |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified as carcinogenic |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | No reproductive toxicity at normal levels |
| Environmental Toxicity | Toxic to aquatic life; Very toxic to aquatic organisms (H400) |
| Special Toxicity Note | Corrosive; Causes severe skin burns and eye damage (H314); Toxic if swallowed (H301); Very toxic to aquatic life (H400); May release H₂S gas (highly toxic); Use appropriate PPE; Avoid contact with acids; Work in well-ventilated areas. |
SECTION 11: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Toxicity (Oral) | Category 3 | H301 |
| Skin Corrosion/Irritation | Category 1A | H314 |
| Serious Eye Damage | Category 1 | H318 |
| Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Single) | Category 3 | H335 |
| Acute Aquatic Toxicity | Category 1 | H400 |
Signal Word: DANGER
Hazard Pictograms: GHS05 (Corrosive), GHS06 (Skull and Crossbones), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)
Hazard Statements (H-Codes):
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed |
| H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
| H318 | Causes serious eye damage |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | 0 | 1 | ALK |
| (Severe health hazard - toxic/corrosive) | (Non-flammable) | (Mild reactivity) | (Alkali) |
SECTION 12: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P260 | Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray |
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P301+P330+P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting |
| P303+P361+P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower |
| P304+P340 | IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P310 | Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor |
| P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P405 | Store locked up |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
SECTION 13: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action to Take |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air immediately. If respiratory irritation develops, seek medical attention. H₂S gas is highly toxic. |
| Skin Contact | Immediately remove contaminated clothing. Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get immediate medical attention. |
| Eye Contact | Immediately rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. Get immediate medical attention. |
| Ingestion | DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water (only if conscious). Get immediate medical attention. |
SECTION 14: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Non-flammable. May release toxic gases (H₂S, SO₂) when heated or decomposed. |
| Hazards Arising from Fire | Thermal decomposition produces toxic gases: hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), sulfur dioxide (SO₂). |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam. |
| Unsuitable Extinguishing Media | Water jet (may spread burning material) |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing, firefighting goggles. |
| Special Precautions | Evacuate area; Prevent fire-fighting water from entering waterways; Avoid inhalation of toxic gases; Use respiratory protection. |
SECTION 15: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM MOISTURE and HEAT; Keep away from direct sunlight and acids. |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, moisture-proof containers (PE-lined bags, HDPE drums). |
| Materials to Protect From | Moisture, heat, acids, oxidizing agents, combustible materials |
| Shelf Life | 12 – 24 months (in unopened original packaging, under proper storage conditions). |
| Stability Note | Unstable; Reacts with air and moisture; Absorbs CO₂ and forms sodium carbonate; May oxidize to sodium thiosulfate; Protect from moisture and heat. |
| Special Storage Requirements | Store in a dry, cool, well-ventilated area; Avoid exposure to air and moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Keep away from acids. |
SECTION 16: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| PE-Lined Paper Bag | 10 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined kraft paper bag (moisture-proof) |
| Plastic Bag | 5 kg, 10 kg, 25 kg | PE bag (inner-lined, sealed, moisture-proof) |
| Fiber Drum | 20 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined fiberboard drum |
| Plastic Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | HDPE / Polypropylene (moisture-proof) |
| FIBC / Big Bag | 500 kg, 1000 kg | PE-lined, moisture-resistant PP woven bag |
SECTION 17: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | UN 1385 (Sodium Sulfide, Anhydrous) / UN 1849 (Sodium Sulfide, Hydrated) |
| Hazard Class | Class 4.2 - Self-Heating Substances (Anhydrous) / Class 8 - Corrosive (Hydrated) |
| Packing Group | II |
| ADR/RID | Class 4.2; UN 1385 / Class 8; UN 1849; Packing Group II |
| IMDG Code | Class 4.2; UN 1385 / Class 8; UN 1849; Marine pollutant: No |
| IATA (Air) | Class 4.2; UN 1385 / Class 8; UN 1849; Packing Group II |
| Transport Label | Self-Heating (4.2) / Corrosive (8) |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| Special Transport Requirements | Segregation from acids, oxidizing agents, and combustible materials; Protect from moisture and heat; Secure from unauthorized access. |
SECTION 18: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | REACH registered; Regulated as corrosive and toxic substance; Classified as hazardous. |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed (TSCA Inventory) |
| USA (EPA) | Regulated under Toxic Substances Control Act; Listed as hazardous substance. |
| Turkey | Regulated as hazardous chemical; Subject to KKDIK regulation; Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Health controls; Storage and transportation permits required. |
| IARC | Not classified (non-carcinogenic) |
| NTP | Not listed |
| OSHA | Regulated as corrosive and toxic; Hazard Communication Standard. |
| California (Prop 65) | Not listed |
| Halal | Yes (with certification) |
| Kosher | Yes (with certification) |
| Vegan | Yes (synthetic, no animal ingredients) |
SECTION 19: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Sodyum Sülfür, Zırnık, Sodyum Monosülfür, Susuz Sodyum Sülfür |
| English Names | Sodium Sulfide, Disodium Sulfide, Sodium Monosulfide, Sodium Sulphide Anhydrous |
| CAS Number | 1313-82-2 (Anhydrous) / 1313-84-4 (Pentahydrate/Nonahydrate) / 27610-45-3 |
| EC Number | 215-211-5 / 608-114-8 |
| RTECS Number | WE19055000 |
| HS Code | 2830.10 |
SECTION 20: SUMMARY TABLE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) |
| CAS Number | 1313-82-2 (Anhydrous) |
| Molecular Formula | Na₂S |
| Molecular Weight | 78.045 g/mol |
| Appearance | Hygroscopic powder, colorless to yellowish/brownish/pinkish |
| Odor | Rotten egg (H₂S) |
| Density | 1.856 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1180°C |
| Solubility in Water | 12.4 g/100 mL (20°C) |
| pH (1% Solution) | 12.0 – 13.0 |
| Primary Functions | Reducing agent, unhairing agent, flotation agent, delignification agent |
| Main Application Areas | Leather, textile, pulp & paper, mining, chemical, water treatment |
| Shelf Life | 12 – 24 months |
| GHS Signal Word | DANGER |
| UN Number | 1385 (Anhydrous) / 1849 (Hydrated) |
| Hazard Class | 4.2 (Self-Heating) / 8 (Corrosive) |
| Packing Group | II |
| Special Properties | Strong reducing agent; Corrosive; Toxic; Releases H₂S; Hygroscopic; Reactive with acids; Marine pollutant; Self-heating (anhydrous). |
SECTION 21: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
-
CORROSIVE (H314, H318): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IS MANDATORY.
-
TOXIC IF SWALLOWED (H301): Avoid ingestion; Use appropriate safety measures.
-
VERY TOXIC TO AQUATIC LIFE (H400): AVOID RELEASE TO THE ENVIRONMENT.
-
RELEASES TOXIC H₂S GAS: Reacts with acids to release hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas (highly toxic). DO NOT MIX WITH ACIDS.
-
HYGROSCOPIC: Absorbs moisture from air; Store in tightly closed containers.
-
SELF-HEATING: Anhydrous form may self-heat in contact with air and moisture; Store cool and dry.
-
REDUCING AGENT: Strong reducing agent; Reacts with oxidizers (fire/explosion hazard).
-
ODOR WARNING: Rotten egg odor indicates H₂S release (toxic); Evacuate and ventilate if strong odor.
-
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD: Toxic to aquatic life; Avoid release to water bodies.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
-
Leather Industry: Use as unhairing agent; Dosage: 2-10% of hide weight; Combine with calcium hydroxide; Use in liming baths; Monitor pH and temperature.
-
Textile Industry: Use as reducing agent for sulfur dyes; Dosage: 5-10% of fabric weight; Reduce dyes to leuco form; Dye cotton and viscose; Oxidize after dyeing.
-
Pulp & Paper Industry: Use as delignification agent (kraft process); Dosage: 20-50 kg/ton pulp; Combined with sodium hydroxide; Lignin removal.
-
Mining & Metallurgy: Use as sulfidizing agent for mineral flotation; Dosage: 0.1-2 kg/ton ore; Copper, zinc, lead ore processing; Selective flotation.
-
Water Treatment: Use for heavy metal precipitation; Dosage: 1-10 ppm (metal dependent); Precipitates Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg as sulfides.
-
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles; Avoid contact with acids.
-
Personal Protective Equipment: MANDATORY: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles or face shield, protective clothing, dust mask (N95/FFP2 or higher), self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) for high concentrations, chemical-resistant boots.
-
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using; Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
-
Storage: Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers; Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture and heat; Keep away from acids and oxidizers; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 12-24 months under proper conditions.
-
Spill Management: Evacuate area; Ventilate; Use spark-proof equipment; Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways; Avoid contact with acids.
-
Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Hazardous waste (toxic, corrosive); Use authorized disposal facilities; Neutralize before disposal.
DETECTION METHODS:
| Method | Description | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Titrimetric (Iodometric) | Iodometric titration | Simple, accurate, standard method | Requires careful technique |
| Titrimetric (Acid-Base) | Neutralization with standard acid | Simple | Not specific for sulfide |
| AAS / ICP | Trace metal analysis | High sensitivity, accurate | High cost, requires expertise |
| pH Meter | pH of solution | Simple, rapid | Indicative only |
| H₂S Detection | Colorimetric or gas detection tubes | Specific for H₂S release | Requires specialized equipment |
SODIUM SULFIDE vs ALTERNATIVES COMPARISON:
| Product | Chemical Name / E Code | Application | Strength | Weakness | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sodium Sulfide (Na₂S) | Na₂S | Leather, textile, paper | Strong reducing, effective unhairing | Toxic, corrosive, H₂S release | Regulated |
| Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS) | NaHS | Flotation, leather | Less corrosive, easier handling | Less reducing, more expensive | Widely used |
| Sodium Sulfite (Na₂SO₃) | Na₂SO₃ | Water treatment, preserving | Safer, less toxic | Weak reducing | Widely used |
| Sodium Thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃) | Na₂S₂O₃ | Photography, bleaching | Safe, stable | Not a reducing agent | Widely used |
| Calcium Sulfide (CaS) | CaS | Liming, flotation | Cheaper | Less soluble, less effective | Limited |
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Sodium sulfide is a toxic, corrosive, and reactive substance; strict safety protocols must be followed at all times. Avoid contact with acids (H₂S gas release).
