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Send EmailChondroitin Sulphate, CSO, chondroitin sulfates, chondroitin polysulfate, chondroitin sulfuricacids, 9007-28-7
Chondroitin Sulphate
CAS: 9007-28-7
Molecular Formula: C13H21NO15S
Names and Identifiers
| Name | Chondroitin Sulphate |
| Synonyms | CSO chonsurid chondroitinsulfates chondroitin sulfate Chondroitin Sulphate Chondrointin Sulfate chondroitinpolysulfate chondroitinsulfuricacid chondroitinsulfuricacids (5ξ)-2-(Carboxyamino)-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-glucopyranuronosyl-4-O-sulf o-α-L-arabino-hexopyranose sodium 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(5ξ)-β-L-xylo-hexopyranuronosyl]-4-O-sulfonato-β-D-galactopyranose |
| CAS | 9007-28-7 |
| EINECS | 232-696-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C14H23NO15S.Na/c1-3(17)15-5-10(9(30-31(24,25)26)4(2-16)27-13(5)23)28-14-8(20)6(18)7(19)11(29-14)12(21)22;/h4-11,13-14,16,18-20,23H,2H2,1H3,(H,15,17)(H,21,22)(H,24,25,26);/q;+1/p-1/t4-,5-,6-,7-,8+,9+,10-,11?,13-,14+;/m1./s1 |
Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C13H21NO15S |
| Molar Mass | 463.36854 |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water. |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetic acid and acetone. |
| Appearance | White or yellowish acne powder |
| Color | White to Off-white |
| Storage Condition | Store at RT. |
| Sensitive | Sensitive to light |
| MDL | MFCD00146419 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White or yellowish amorphous powder. Easily soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents. It is hygroscopic, odorless and tasteless. |
| Use | For the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, high cholesterol, angina, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction |
Risk and Safety
| Safety Description | 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 39139000 |
Introduction
- white powder at room temperature, odorless, tasteless, strong water absorption, soluble in water to form a solution of high viscosity, unstable when exposed to high temperature or acid, it is mainly deacetylated or degraded into monosaccharides or smaller molecular weight polysaccharides. Do not dissolve in ethanol, acetone and ether and other organic solvents, the salts of heat more stable, heated 80 ° C also does not destroy.
- chondroitin sulfate is A mixed acid mucopolysaccharide extracted from cartilage of pig, cow, chicken and shark. According to the difference of chemical composition and structure, it is divided into A, B, C, D, E, F, H and other. It mainly contains chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C and other mucopolysaccharide components. Chondroitin sulfate A and C both contain D-glucuronic acid and 2-hydro-deoxy-d-galactose, and containing equal amounts of acetyl and sulfuric acid residues, the difference between the two structures is only in the amino hexose residue on the different position of the sulfate ester. Chondroitin sulfate A can enhance the activity of lipase, the decomposition of triglycerides in chylomicrons, chylomicrons in blood to reduce and clarify. It has anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects, clinical for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis, blood lipids and cholesterol, angina, neuralgia, myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. Can also be used for the prevention and treatment of streptomycin caused by hearing disorders and migraine, nerve pain, elderly shoulder pain, back pain, arthritis and hepatitis and skin cosmetics. According to reports, chondroitin sulfate can also effectively improve the repair of articular cartilage, synovial, maintain lubrication between articular cartilage, make it elastic, improve joint pain, inflammation and other symptoms. At the same time, it also has special effects on tendon, ligament, diaphragm cardiovascular and other diseases.
- chondroitin sulfate is also one of the important components in the eye tissue, which has the functions of promoting corneal water metabolism, improving microcirculation, protecting cornea and promoting corneal tissue damage repair, at the same time, it can form a protective film on the surface of the cornea to prevent water distribution and effectively relieve the symptoms of asthenopia and dry eye. In addition to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, aminoethanesulfonic acid also participates in a variety of physiological activities in the eye tissue, promote metabolism, improve asthenopia.
Effect
- chondroitin sulfate is a mucopolysaccharide extracted from animal cartilage. It plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and joint diseases.
- as a health food or health care drugs, chondroitin sulfate has long been used in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia and other diseases, without obvious toxic and side effects, can significantly reduce the Incidence Rate and Mortality Rate of patients with coronary heart disease. Long-term clinical application has found that lipids such as fat deposited on the walls of arteries and veins can be effectively removed or reduced, and plasma cholesterol can be significantly reduced, thereby preventing the formation of atherosclerosis.
- chondroitin sulfate is used for the treatment of neuralgia, neuropathic migraine, Arthralgia, arthritis and scapular Arthralgia, abdominal pain after surgery.
- prevention and treatment of streptomycin-induced hearing disorders and various noise-induced hearing difficulties, tinnitus, etc., the effect is remarkable.
- has an adjuvant therapeutic effect on chronic nephritis, chronic hepatitis, keratitis and corneal ulcer.
- in recent years, it has been reported that chondroitin in shark cartilage has an antitumor effect. In addition, chondroitin sulfate is also applied to cosmetics and wound healing agents. Chondroitin sulfate is an acidic mucopolysaccharide, is one of the important components in the eye tissue, with the promotion of corneal water metabolism and improvement, suitable for asthenopia, dry eye.
Nature
is an amorphous substance, and the appearance is a small particle, strip or sheet translucent solid. The main component is high molecular protein. It is golden or yellowish, but darker than gelatin, slightly odorous, and easy to deteriorate under humid and heated conditions. Immersed in cold water to expand, heated to 35 deg C to melt into a viscous liquid, about 140 deg C began to decompose, reduce the viscosity. Insoluble in ethanol, chloroform, benzene, ether, carbon disulfide and other organic solvents, soluble in acetic acid and other organic acids. After formaldehyde is added to the glue, the viscosity increases and it is not easy to melt.
Preparation Method
The animal bones were prepared by cooking to remove fat and minerals.
Pharmacology and Toxicology
- chondroitin sulfate is widely present in human and animal cartilage tissue. The pharmaceutical preparation mainly contains two isomers of chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C, and the content of chondroitin sulfate in cartilage of different species, ages and other animals is different. Its pharmacological effects are as follows:
- chondroitin sulfate can remove lipids and lipoproteins from the blood in the body, remove cholesterol from blood vessels around the heart, prevent and treat atherosclerosis, and increase the conversion rate of lipids and fatty acids in cells.
- chondroitin sulfate can effectively prevent and treat coronary heart disease. Experimental atherosclerosis model with anti-atherosclerosis and anti-atherogenic plaque formation; Increased coronary artery branch or collateral circulation, it can accelerate the healing, regeneration and repair of myocardial necrosis or degeneration caused by experimental coronary arteriosclerosis or embolism.
- li can increase the biosynthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of cells and has the effect of promoting cell metabolism.
- anticoagulant activity was low. Chondroitin sulfate has a moderate anticoagulant effect, and the anticoagulant activity per 1 mg of chondroitin sulfate A is comparable to 0.45U of heparin. This anticoagulant activity does not depend on antithrombin III to play a role, it can play an anticoagulant activity through the fibrinogen system.
- chondroitin sulfate also has anti-inflammatory, accelerated wound healing and anti-tumor effects.
Use
mainly used as adhesive, widely used in wood furniture, models, wooden toys, musical instruments, canvas box, leather box, Wood sandpaper, emery cloth, tape paper, binding and other bonding. It is also used in the manufacture of sizing, machine tools and instruments for printing and dyeing finishing. It is also used in the production of ink and ink. In daily life, it is also used to prepare lime slurry and old powder.
Chemical properties
white or yellowish amorphous powder. Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents. Hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless.
Production method
porcine throat and nasal cartilage were extracted with 2% sodium hydroxide, and the extract was hydrolyzed with crude trypsin at 50 °c to remove impurities such as protein. After filtration, the pH of the enzymatic hydrolysate was adjusted to 6, and ethanol was added to a concentration of 75%. Centrifugation gave the precipitate, the crude chondroitin sulfate product. The finished product was obtained by multi-step refining. The total yield of the pig throat and nasal cartilage was 5%.
Reference Information
| Introduction | chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an acidic mucopolysaccharide extracted and purified from animal cartilage tissue. Chondroitin sulfate A,C,D,E,H and K and other different structures, nature of chondroitin sulfate exists in animal cartilage, throat bone, nasal bone (pigs contain 41%), cattle, horses in the diaphragm and trachea (including 36% a 39%), other such as leg bones, ligaments, skin, cornea and other tissues also contain. The content of fish cartilage is very rich, such as shark bone containing 50% ~ 60%, the content of connective tissue is very small. |
| Clinical application | 1. Chondroitin sulfate as a health food or health care drugs used in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia and other diseases, no significant side effects, can significantly reduce the Incidence Rate and Mortality Rate of patients with coronary heart disease. Long-term clinical application has found that lipids such as fat deposited on the walls of arteries and veins can be effectively removed or reduced, and plasma cholesterol can be significantly reduced, thereby preventing the formation of atherosclerosis. Chondroitin sulfate for the treatment of neuropathic pain, migraine, Arthralgia, arthritis and scapular Arthralgia, abdominal pain after surgery. Prevention and Treatment of streptomycin-induced hearing disorders and a variety of noise-induced hearing difficulties, tinnitus, etc., the effect is significant. 4. For chronic nephritis, chronic hepatitis, keratitis and corneal ulcer and other adjuvant therapy. In recent years, it has been reported that chondroitin in shark cartilage has anti-tumor effect. In addition, chondroitin sulfate is also applied to cosmetics and wound healing agents. 6. Chondroitin sulfate is also used in eye drops. |
| pharmacological action | chondroitin sulfate exists widely in human and animal cartilage tissue. The pharmaceutical preparation mainly contains two isomers of chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C, and the content of chondroitin sulfate in cartilage of different species, ages and other animals is different. Its pharmacological effects are as follows: 1. Chondroitin sulfate can remove lipids and lipoproteins in the blood, remove cholesterol from blood vessels around the heart, prevent and treat atherosclerosis, and increase the conversion rate of lipids and fatty acids in cells. 2, chondroitin sulfate can effectively prevent coronary heart disease. Experimental atherosclerosis model with anti-atherosclerosis and anti-atherogenic plaque formation; Increased coronary artery atherosclerosis or collateral circulation, it can accelerate the healing, regeneration and repair of myocardial necrosis or degeneration caused by experimental coronary arteriosclerosis or embolism. 3, can increase the cell's messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) biosynthesis and promote cell metabolism. 4, low anticoagulant activity. Chondroitin sulfate has a moderate anticoagulant effect, and the anticoagulant activity per 1 mg of chondroitin sulfate A is comparable to 0.45U of heparin. This anticoagulant activity does not depend on antithrombin III and exerts its anticoagulant activity through the fibrinogen system. 5, chondroitin sulfate also has anti-inflammatory, accelerate wound healing and anti-tumor and other aspects of the role. (1) chondroitin sulfate for the treatment of coronary heart disease has the effect of clarifying lipid. Health food and medicine developed with chondroitin sulfate as raw material have been used for a long time to prevent coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia and other diseases, clinical application found no obvious side effects, can significantly reduce the Incidence Rate and Mortality Rate of patients with coronary heart disease. (2) improving joint problems chondroitin sulfate used in combination with glucosamine can promote cartilage regeneration and soften bones, and is clinically used as a commonly used drug for treating joint diseases, which can effectively improve joint problems. (3) Protect bone chondroitin sulfate can prevent bone calcification, prevent bone hardening and brittle, promote the stiffness of bone flexibility; In addition, chondroitin sulfate can also within a certain range to reduce the hardening and brittleness of the expanded state of bone contour, effectively improve bone hyperplasia. (4) to promote the healing of corneal wound and improve the symptoms of ocular dryness chondroitin sulfate can improve corneal blood circulation, accelerate metabolism, enhance permeability, promote the absorption of corneal stroma in The exudate and fiber growth, elimination of inflammation, has a protective effect on corneal collagen fibers; Secondly, chondroitin sulfate can improve the water metabolism of corneal tissue, promote the formation of a layer of breathable water-retaining membrane on the surface of the cornea, promote corneal wound healing and improve ocular dryness symptoms. |
| preparation | dilute alkali-enzymatic extraction method: firstly, boil the cartilage at 80 ℃ for 4~6 h, then NaOH is added according to the ratio of raw material (dry weight) and 2%NaOH, which is l:6.25, extracted at room temperature for 1.5 h, then adjusted to pH 6~6.5 with HC1, and filtered with double-layer gauze; the filtrate was left, and the filter residue was added with 2%NaOH at a ratio of 1:0.12, extracted at 40 ° C. For 1 h, and then filtered with a double layer filter cloth; The filter residue was discarded, and the filtrate was taken. Two filtrates were combined and the volume was measured until use. Adjust the pH of the filtrate to 8.0~9.0, add Pancreatin according to the ratio of filtrate and Pancreatin 1 000:0, 5, and hydrolyze l at 40~50 ℃ for 1 h, then press 1 000:0.5 of the proportion of the addition of pepsin, 40~50 oC hydrolysis 1.5 h. After filtration, kaolin and activated carbon were added for adsorption. The filtrate was extracted by a chloroform back-extraction method, and the aqueous layer was retained. The pH of the water layer was adjusted to 6.8-7.2, and then 2.5 times the volume of 95% 1-2 ethanol was added to precipitate, to obtain the chondroitin sulfate. |
| Overview | white powder at room temperature, odorless, tasteless, strong water absorption, soluble in water and a solution of high viscosity, it is unstable at higher temperatures or acids, mainly deacetylation or degradation into monosaccharides or polysaccharides of lower molecular weight. Do not dissolve in ethanol, acetone and ether and other organic solvents, the salts of heat more stable, heated 80 ° C also does not destroy. chondroitin sulfate is A mixed acid mucopolysaccharide extracted from cartilage of pig, cow, chicken and shark. According to the difference of chemical composition and structure, it is divided into A, B, C, D, E, F, H and other. It mainly contains chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C and other mucopolysaccharide components. Chondroitin sulfate A and C both contain D-glucuronic acid and 2-hydro-deoxy-d-galactose, and containing equal amounts of acetyl and sulfuric acid residues, the difference between the two structures is only in the amino hexose residue on the different position of the sulfate ester. Chondroitin sulfate A can enhance the activity of lipase, the decomposition of triglycerides in chylomicrons, chylomicrons in blood to reduce and clarify. It has anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects, clinical for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis, blood lipids and cholesterol, angina, neuralgia, myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. Can also be used for the prevention and treatment of streptomycin caused by hearing disorders and migraine, nerve pain, elderly shoulder pain, back pain, arthritis and hepatitis and skin cosmetics. According to reports, chondroitin sulfate can also effectively improve the repair of articular cartilage, synovial, maintain lubrication between articular cartilage, make it elastic, improve joint pain, inflammation and other symptoms. At the same time, it also has special effects on tendon, ligament, diaphragm cardiovascular and other diseases. chondroitin sulfate is also one of the important components in the eye tissue, with the function of promoting corneal water metabolism, improving microcirculation, protecting cornea and promoting corneal tissue damage repair, at the same time, it can also form a protective film on the surface of the cornea to prevent water distribution and effectively relieve the symptoms of asthenopia and dry eye; Aminoethanesulfonic acid can not only be antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, but also participate in a variety of physiological activities in eye tissues, promote metabolism and improve asthenopia. |
| Role | 1, chondroitin sulfate is extracted from animal cartilage mucopolysaccharides, in cardiovascular disease, it plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of joint disease, and is a more important biochemical product in the current market. 2, as a health food or health care drugs, chondroitin sulfate has long been used in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia and other diseases, without obvious toxic and side effects, can significantly reduce the Incidence Rate and Mortality Rate of patients with coronary heart disease. Long-term clinical application has found that lipids such as fat deposited on the walls of arteries and veins can be effectively removed or reduced, and plasma cholesterol can be significantly reduced, thereby preventing the formation of atherosclerosis. 3, chondroitin sulfate for the treatment of neuropathic pain, migraine, Arthralgia, arthritis and scapular Arthralgia, abdominal pain after surgery. 4, prevention and treatment of streptomycin-induced hearing disorders and a variety of noise-induced hearing difficulties, tinnitus, etc., the effect is significant. 5. It has adjuvant therapeutic effect on chronic nephritis, chronic hepatitis, keratitis and corneal ulcer. 6. In recent years, it has been reported that chondroitin in shark cartilage has anti-tumor effect. In addition, chondroitin sulfate is also applied to cosmetics and wound healing agents. Chondroitin sulfate is an acidic mucopolysaccharide, is one of the important components in the eye tissue, with the promotion of corneal water metabolism and improvement, suitable for asthenopia, dry eye. Figure 1 is a physical picture of chondroitin sulfate products provided by Sigma, USA. |
| pharmacology and toxicology | chondroitin sulfate widely exists in human and animal cartilage tissue. The pharmaceutical preparation mainly contains two isomers of chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C, and the content of chondroitin sulfate in cartilage of different species, ages and other animals is different. Its pharmacological effects are as follows: chondroitin sulfate can remove lipids and lipoproteins in the blood, remove cholesterol from blood vessels around the heart, prevent and treat atherosclerosis, and increase the conversion rate of lipids and fatty acids in cells. Chondroitin sulfate can effectively prevent and treat coronary heart disease. Experimental atherosclerosis model with anti-atherosclerosis and anti-atherogenic plaque formation; Increased coronary artery branch or collateral circulation, it can accelerate the healing, regeneration and repair of myocardial necrosis or degeneration caused by experimental coronary arteriosclerosis or embolism. It can increase the biosynthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of cells and promote the metabolism of cells. Low anticoagulant activity. Chondroitin sulfate has a moderate anticoagulant effect, and the anticoagulant activity per 1 mg of chondroitin sulfate A is comparable to 0.45U of heparin. This anticoagulant activity does not depend on antithrombin III to play a role, it can play an anticoagulant activity through the fibrinogen system. Chondroitin sulfate also has anti-inflammatory, accelerated wound healing and anti-tumor effects. |
| Chondroitin Sulfate Injection instructions | Common name: Chondroitin Sulfate Injection English name: clondroitin Sulfate Injection: injection [ingredients] chondroitin sulfate sodium salt. [Properties] This product is colorless or yellowish clear liquid. [Pharmacology and Toxicology] chondroitin sulfate widely exists in human and animal cartilage tissue. Its pharmacological preparations mainly contain two isomers of chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C. Experimental animal atherosclerosis model shows: the goods have anti-atherosclerosis and anti-atherosclerotic plaque formation. Increase coronary artery branch or collateral circulation, and can accelerate the healing, regeneration and repair of myocardial infarction or degeneration caused by experimental coronary arteriosclerosis or embolism. This product has a relaxation and anticoagulant effect, each 1mg chondroitin sulfate a phase when 0.45U anticoagulant activity of heparin. This anticoagulant wash does not depend on antithrombin III to play a role, it can play an anticoagulant activity through the fiber protein system. [Pharmacokinetics] after 4 hours of administration, the blood concentration of the peak, the half-life of about 7 hours, about 50% from the urine excretion. In vivo distribution of such as bone tissue, blood vessel wall, brain, connective tissue. [Indications] apply to nerve headache, neuralgia, Arthralgia, arteriosclerosis and other diseases. Dosage: intramuscular injection. 1-2 times a day, 2ml (one at a time). [Adverse reactions] Individual chest tightness, Nausea, a small amount of bleeding gums. [Contraindications] The goods have a history of allergy with caution. [Note] there is a tendency to bleeding with caution, when the drug properties change is prohibited. [Pregnant and lactating women] is not clear. |
| uses | for patients with coronary heart disease coronary atherosclerotic disease, elevated blood lipids and cholesterol, atherosclerosis, angina, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction and other symptoms. for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, high cholesterol, angina, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction and other diseases |
| production method | the pig throat and nasal cartilage were extracted with 2% sodium hydroxide, the extract was hydrolyzed with crude trypsin at 50 °c to remove impurities such as proteins. After filtration, the pH of the enzymatic hydrolysate was adjusted to 6, and ethanol was added to a concentration of 75%. Centrifugation gave the precipitate, the crude chondroitin sulfate product. The finished product was obtained by multi-step refining. The total yield of the pig throat and nasal cartilage was 5%. |
