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Send EmailDiethyl Phthalate, Ethyl Phthalate, Ethyl phthalate, DEP, 84-66-2
🧪 Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) – Chemical Overview
📑 General Information
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CAS Number: 84-66-2
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Chemical Formula: C₁₂H₁₄O₄
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Molecular Weight: 222.24 g/mol
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Family: Phthalate esters
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Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid with mild odor
🧾 Synonyms & Identifiers
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Common Names: Diethyl Phthalate, DEP
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Chemical Synonyms:
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Phthalic Acid Diethyl Ester
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Benzene dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
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Ethyl phthalate
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Anozol
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Diethyl ester
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IUPAC Name: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
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EINECS: 201-550-6
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InChI: InChI=1S/C12H14O4/c1-3-15-11(13)9-7-5-6-8-10(9)12(14)16-4-2/h5-8H,3-4H2,1-2H3
⚙️ Physical & Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 298–299 °C |
| Melting Point | −3 °C |
| Density | ~1.12 g/cm³ (25 °C) |
| Flash Point | ~170 °C |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water; miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene |
| Vapor Pressure | 1 mm Hg (100 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 7.66 (vs air) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.502 |
| Stability | Stable, combustible; incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, bases |
| Storage Condition | 2–8 °C |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless oily liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.118 |
| Color | APHA ≤15 |
🏭 Applications
| Sector | Use Case |
|---|---|
| Cosmetics & Personal Care | Fixative in perfumes, solvent in nail polish and hair sprays |
| Plastics & Polymers | Plasticizer for PVC, cellulose acetate, synthetic resins |
| Pharmaceuticals | Coating agent and plasticizer in tablets |
| Detergents & Cleaners | Solvent and stabilizer in liquid formulations |
| Industrial Chemicals | Carrier solvent in inks, adhesives, coatings |
| Other Uses | Lubricant, alcohol denaturant, flotation foaming agent, gas chromatography stationary liquid |
⚠️ Regulatory & Safety
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REACH: Registered
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GHS Classification: Not hazardous under normal use
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Handling: Use with ventilation, avoid prolonged skin contact
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Packaging: 200L HDPE drums, 1000L IBCs
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UN ID: 3082 (Class 9, PG III)
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WGK Germany: 2
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TSCA: Listed
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HS Code: 29173400
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Occupational Exposure Limit: TWA 5 mg/m³ (ACGIH)
🧪 Toxicity
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Oral LD50 (rat): ~8600 mg/kg
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Oral LD50 (mouse): ~6172 mg/kg
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Eye Irritation (rabbit): 112 mg
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Toxicity Grade: Low toxicity
🔬 Production Methods
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Traditional: Esterification of phthalic anhydride with ethanol in presence of sulfuric acid → neutralization, dehydration, distillation.
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Alternative (Solid Acid Catalyst): Esterification under reflux with ethanol and catalyst, followed by dehydration and purification.
📦 Industrial Notes
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Raw Materials: Phthalic anhydride, ethanol
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Packaging:
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IBC (1000L) → bulk, technical grade
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200L HDPE/metal drums → technical or cosmetic grade
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Compatibility: Excellent with cellulose acetate, PVC, polystyrene, PMMA, and many resins.
📊 Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) – Sectoral Suitability Table
| Sector | Function / Use Case | Suitability |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmetics & Personal Care | Fixative in perfumes, solvent in nail polish, hair sprays | ✅ Widely used |
| Detergents & Cleaners | Solvent, stabilizer in liquid formulations | ✅ Common use |
| Plastics & Polymers | Plasticizer for PVC, cellulose acetate, synthetic resins | ✅ Suitable, but limited due to volatility |
| Pharmaceuticals | Tablet coating agent, excipient plasticizer | ⚠️ Limited, requires purity control |
| Packaging | Additive in films and coatings | ✅ Used in flexible packaging |
| Paints & Adhesives | Resin compatibilizer, viscosity regulator | ✅ Industrial use |
| Agriculture | Solvent in pesticide formulations | ⚠️ Limited, monitored for environmental impact |
| Industrial Chemicals | Carrier solvent in inks, coatings, lubricants | ✅ Broad use |
💄 Cosmetics & Personal Care
| Application Area | Function | Example Products |
|---|---|---|
| Perfumes | Fixative, enhances fragrance longevity | Eau de parfum, cologne |
| Nail Polish | Solvent, film-forming additive | Nail polish, top coat |
| Hair Sprays | Plasticizer, formulation stabilizer | Hair sprays, styling products |
| Personal Care Products | Solvent and carrier | Deodorants, lotions, creams |
| Cosmetic Formulations | Resin compatibilizer, viscosity regulator | Foundations, BB creams, makeup |
🧼 Detergents & Cleaning Products
| Application Area | Function | Example Products |
|---|---|---|
| Liquid Detergents | Solvent and formulation stabilizer | Laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids |
| Surface Cleaners | Viscosity regulator, solvent | Multi-purpose cleaners |
| Hygiene Products | Fragrance fixative, solvent | Toilet cleaners, air fresheners |
| Industrial Cleaning | Resin compatibilizer, solvent | Heavy-duty industrial cleaners |
| Deodorizing Products | Mild aromatic additive, fixative | Room sprays, deodorants |
🧪 Plastics & Polymers
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| PVC Production | Plasticizer, adds flexibility and durability | Cable coatings, pipes, flooring |
| Cellulose Derivatives | Solvent and compatibilizer | Cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate |
| Synthetic Resins | Plasticizer, low migration additive | Polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, PMMA |
| Packaging Materials | Improves flexibility and transparency | Food packaging films, coatings |
| Rubber & Elastomers | Softener, viscosity regulator | Nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber |
| Industrial Polymers | Resin compatibilizer, solvent | Adhesives, coating resins |
💊 Pharmaceuticals
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Tablet Coatings | Plasticizer, increases coating flexibility | Film-coated tablets, enteric coatings |
| Capsule Production | Reduces brittleness in gelatin capsules | Hard and soft capsules |
| Controlled Release Systems | Regulates drug release rate | Extended-release tablets |
| Pharmaceutical Solvents | Solvent and stabilizer | Syrups, liquid formulations |
| Excipients | Improves formulation stability | Granules, coated pills |
📦 Packaging
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Flexible Packaging Films | Plasticizer, adds flexibility and durability | Food packaging films, transparent wraps |
| Coatings | Solvent and stabilizer, improves surface compatibility | Protective packaging coatings |
| Transparent Materials | Provides optical clarity and flexibility | Blister packs, clear packaging |
| Industrial Packaging | Viscosity regulator, resin compatibilizer | Chemical drums, industrial coatings |
| Non-Food Packaging | Low migration plasticizer | Cosmetic containers, cleaning product bottles |
🎨 Paints & Adhesives
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Paint Formulations | Solvent and viscosity regulator | Industrial paints, furniture coatings |
| Varnishes & Coatings | Resin compatibilizer, improves film flexibility | Wood varnishes, protective coatings |
| Adhesives | Plasticizer, adds flexibility and durability | PVC adhesives, industrial glues |
| Resin Systems | Compatibility enhancer, stabilizer | Epoxy resins, polyvinyl acetate adhesives |
| Inks & Printing Systems | Solvent and carrier | Printing inks, industrial marking |
🌱 Agriculture
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Pesticide Formulations | Solvent and carrier | Insecticides, herbicide solutions |
| Agricultural Chemicals | Stabilizer, extends shelf life of active ingredients | Fungicides, insecticides |
| Foliar Fertilizers | Ensures homogeneous distribution | Liquid foliar fertilizers |
| Emulsifier Additive | Helps mix oil- and water-based components | Spray solutions, agrochemicals |
| Industrial Agro Products | Solvent and viscosity regulator | Agricultural coatings, protective products |
⚙️ Industrial Chemicals
| Application Area | Function | Example Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Ink Formulations | Carrier solvent, viscosity regulator | Printing inks, industrial marking |
| Coatings | Plasticizer and resin compatibilizer | Industrial protective coatings, varnishes |
| Adhesive Systems | Adds flexibility and durability | PVC adhesives, epoxy-based glues |
| Lubricant Additive | Reduces friction, improves processing | Rubber and plastic processing |
| Solvent | Facilitates dissolution of organic compounds | Chemical manufacturing, solvent-based products |
| Gas Chromatography | Stationary phase liquid | Analytical chemistry |
🧪 Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) – Other Names
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Diethyl Phthalate (DEP)
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Phthalic Acid Diethyl Ester
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Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
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Diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
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Ethyl phthalate
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Anozol
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Diethyl o-phthalate
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester
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Diethyl ester of phthalic acid Sources:
