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Palmitic acid
CAS: 57-10-3
Molecular Formula: C16H32O2
Names and Identifiers
| Name | Palmitic acid |
| Synonyms | NAA160 LunacP95 Neo-Fat16 LunacP95KC LoxiolEP278 Kortacid1698 Palmitic acid industrene4516 Hexadecan acid Hexadecanoic acid Palmitic acid tech palmitic acid, pure 1-Hexadecanoic acid Palmitic Acid (1.00509) pentadecanecarboxylicacid |
| CAS | 57-10-3 |
| EINECS | 200-312-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18) |
| InChIKey | IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C16H32O2 |
| Molar Mass | 256.42 |
| Density | 0.852g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 61-62.5°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 351.5 °C |
| Flash Point | >230°F |
| JECFA Number | 115 |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, insoluble in cold ethanol, soluble in hot ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether. |
| Vapor Presure | 10 mm Hg ( 210 °C) |
| Appearance | The crystallizer in ethanol is a white crystalline waxy solid (white pearly phosphorus sheet) |
| Color | White or almost white |
| Merck | 14,6996 |
| BRN | 607489 |
| pKa | 4.78±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | room temp |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents. |
| Sensitive | Easily absorbing moisture |
| Refractive Index | 1.4273 |
| MDL | MFCD00002747 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of white with pearlescent phosphorus. melting point 63.1 ℃ boiling point 351.5 ℃ relative density 0.8388 solubility insoluble in water, slightly soluble in petroleum ether, soluble in ethanol. Soluble in ether, chloroform and acetic acid. |
| Use | Used as precipitant, chemical reagent and water-proofing agent |
Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R36 - Irritating to the eyes R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| WGK Germany | - |
| RTECS | RT4550000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29157015 |
| Toxicity | LD50 i.v. in mice: 57±3.4 mg/kg (Or, Wretlind) |
Upstream Downstream Industry
| Downstream Products | Isopropyl palmitate methyl hexadecanoate chloramphenicol palmitate Tween(R) 40 |
Nature
White with pearlescent scales. Melting point 63.1 °c. Boiling point 351.5 °c. The relative density was 0.8388. Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in petroleum ether, soluble in ethanol. Soluble in ether, chloroform and acetic acid.
Preparation Method
The unsaturated fatty acid was isolated by vacuum distillation after hydrolysis of palm oil or palm oil, and then recrystallized.
Introduction
Pharmacological effects: Mainly used as a surfactant. When used as a non-ionic type, it can be used for polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan monopalmitate. The former is made into an lipophilic emulsifier And used in all cosmetics and medicines, the latter can be used as an emulsifier for cosmetics, medicine, and food, a dispersant for pigment inks, and also as a defoamer; when used as an anion type, it is made into sodium palmitate and used as a raw material for fatty acid soap, plastic emulsifier, etc; zinc palmitate is used as a stabilizer for cosmetics and plastics; in addition to being used as a surfactant, it is also used as a raw material for isopropyl palmitate, methyl ester, butyl ester, amine compound, chloride, etc.; among them, isopropyl palmitate is a cosmetic oil phase raw material, which can be used to make lipstick, various creams, hair oils, hair pastes, etc.; others such as methyl palmitate can be used as lubricating oil additives, surfactant raw materials; PVC slip agents, etc; raw materials for candles, soap, grease, synthetic detergents, softeners, etc.; used as spices, are edible spices allowed by GB2760-1996 regulations in my country; also used as food defoamers.
Use
raw materials for the production of soaps, candles, greases, softeners and synthetic detergents.
Safety
- This product has low toxicity and irritation. Mice were injected intravenously with LD50 57mg/kg. The operator should wear protective gear.
- hard carton or woven bag lined with plastic bag, each box (or bag) net weight 25kg, 50kg. Store in a cool, dry, ventilated place, keep away from fire and oxidant. According to the general provisions of the storage and transportation of chemicals.
Reference Information
| FEMA | 2832 | PALMITIC ACID |
| Overview | Ten acid also known as palmitic acid, at room temperature is a white crystal, insoluble in water, soluble in ether, chloroform, acetone and other organic solvents. Palmitic acid is one of the most widely distributed fatty acids in nature. It is widely found in various oils in the form of glycerides, such as tallow, palm oil, varnish, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil, fish oil, milk fat, cattle, sheep, pig fat, etc. It with higher saturated monohydric alcohol ester formation (I. E. Natural wax) widely exists in many kinds of animals and plants. |
| Application | a simple ester of palmitic acid, mainly used in the plastics industry. Its alkali metal salt is soluble in water and has a decontamination effect. It is one of the main components of soap and soap. Other metal salts are insoluble in water and are used in lubricants, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, water-proofing agents and fungicides. The main source of palmitic acid oil, oil saponification, acidification and separation. |
| Use | is mainly used as a surfactant, when used as a non-ionic, can be used for polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan monopalmitate, the former Made of lipophilic emulsifier used in all cosmetics and medicine, the latter can be used in cosmetics, medicine, food emulsifier, pigment ink dispersant, also used as defoaming agent; Used as anionic, made of sodium palmitate and raw materials for fatty acid soap, plastic emulsifier, etc.; Zinc palmitate used as a stabilizer for cosmetics, plastics; in addition to being used as a surfactant, it is also used as a raw material for isopropyl palmitate, methyl ester, butyl ester, amine compounds, chloride, etc. Among them, isopropyl palmitate is a raw material for cosmetic oil phase, which can be used for making lipstick, various creams, hair oil, hair Cream; Other such as methyl palmitate can be used as lubricating oil additives, surfactant raw materials; PVC slip agent; Candles, soap, grease, synthetic detergent, softener and other raw materials; Used as spices, is China's GB2760-1996 regulations allow the use of edible spices; Also used as food defoaming agent. used as precipitating agent, chemical reagent and water-repellent agent antifoaming agent; Raw material for producing other food additives (fatty acid glyceride, fatty acid sorbitan Ester, sugar Ester, etc.). Can also be used as a spice ingredient, according to FEMA regulations, the maximum amount of 1.0mg/kg in seasoning. raw materials for the production of candles, soaps, greases, softeners and synthetic detergents. Palmitic acid is used to make odorless chloramphenicol and various metal salts of palmitic acid, Its sodium salt or potassium salt can be used as emulsifier in emulsion polymerization, and aluminum salt and zinc salt are used in lubricant, paint, oil black and plasticizer. The product has a special aroma and taste, according to China's GB2760-89 regulations, can be used to prepare a variety of edible spices, but also used as a Defoamer and other food additives. used as reference material for gas phase analysis hardness of water and calcium, magnesium, barium, lead, mercury, zinc were measured. Organic Synthesis, manufacturing a variety of metal salts of palmitic acid and water repellent. A saturated fatty acid that targets the cell membrane. |
| production process | 1. Directly extracted from palm fruit; 2. With tallow (containing 50% palmitic acid), Wood wax (containing 77%) as raw materials, at high temperature (250 ℃), high pressure (50.67 × 105Pa) hydrolysis, can be prepared a mixture of a variety of fatty acids, after hydrolysis and alkaline treatment, the product can be obtained. With oleic acid as raw material, alkali fusion at 350 ℃, the double bond isomerization, and carboxyl group in the conjugated position, further catalytic oxidation, can be decomposed into palmitic acid. |
| toxicity | natural fatty acid, non-toxic. Safe for use in food (FDA,§ 172.860,2000). |
| production method | widely exists in nature, almost all oils have different content of palmitic acid component. China's specialty of black oil, palmitic acid content can be as high as 60%, and palm fruit palm oil content is about 40%, but the content of rapeseed oil is less than 2%. The oil or palm oil hydrolysis, fractionation, pressing separation of unsaturated fatty acids, after recrystallization of palmitic acid. Commercially available palmitic acid typically has a melting point of 57.5-62.5 °c. mixed fatty acids derived from rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil and the like are subjected to vacuum fractionation. |
