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Send EmailTaurine, TATU, TURIN, TAURINE, TAURINE extrapure CHR, 107-35-7
Taurine
CAS: 107-35-7
Molecular Formula: C2H7NO3S
Names and Identifiers
| Name | Taurine |
| Synonyms | TATU TURIN TAURINE Taurine 2-sulfoethylamine TAURINE extrapure CHR Aminoethanesulfonic acid 2-amino-ethanesulfonicaci 2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid 2-Aminoethanesulphonic acid 5-Ferrocenyl valeric acid esters N~4~-(6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine |
| CAS | 107-35-7 |
| EINECS | 203-483-8 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C2H7NO3S/c3-1-2-7(4,5)6/h1-3H2,(H-,4,5,6) |
| InChIKey | XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C2H7NO3S |
| Molar Mass | 125.15 |
| Density | 1.00g/mLat 20°C |
| Melting Point | >300 °C (lit.) |
| JECFA Number | 1435 |
| Water Solubility | 5-10 g/100 mL at 23.5 ºC |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, ether and acetone. |
| Appearance | White crystal or crystalline powder |
| Color | White |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.006', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.005'] |
| Merck | 14,9074 |
| BRN | 1751215 |
| pKa | 1.5(at 25℃) |
| PH | 4.5-6.0 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Sensitive | Easily absorbing moisture |
| Refractive Index | 1.5130 (estimate) |
| MDL | MFCD00008197 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties |
melting point 300°C |
| Use | Used as a Biochemical reagent |
Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | WX0175000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29211980 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg |
Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Sulfuric acid Sodium sulfite Ethanolamine |
Nature
- This product is white or off-white crystalline or crystalline powder; Odorless or almost odorless. Slightly sour taste. Soluble in water, the aqueous solution is weakly acidic. Almost insoluble in ethanol, ether and acetone. Melting point 328 C (317 C decomposition).
- taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid with a simple chemical structure, which is found in a large number of free form in almost all organs of humans and mammals, including the brain, heart and muscle content is higher, is an important nutrient for humans and animals, must be from the outside intake of a certain amount of taurine, however, it is also possible to synthesize a certain amount of taurine itself by the metabolism of L-cysteine by granulocytes or by other means. It is a non-essential amino acid, which contributes to the synthesis of cysteine in the body, and can promote the secretion and absorption of bile, which is beneficial to the brain development, nerve conduction, visual function improvement, calcium absorption and digestion and absorption of lipid substances in infants. In addition to the nutritional effects, it also has a wide range of pharmacological effects: antipyretic, analgesic, sedative, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, excited breathing, strong heart, antiarrhythmic, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, antibacterial, enhance immune function, anti-platelet aggregation, choleretic, liver, detoxification, etc.
Preparation Method
It can be obtained by hydrolyzing bovine bile or by extracting and concentrating fish and shellfish such as cuttlefish, and meat and viscera of mammals. It can also be extracted from bezoar or synthesized chemically.
Standard
This product is 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid. Calculated on a dry basis, containing no less than 98.5% taurine (C2H7N03S).
Trait
- This product is white or white crystalline or crystalline powder; Odorless.
- This product is soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, ether or acetone.
Use
taurine is a special kind of amino acid, which is essential for human growth and development. To promote the growth and development of children, especially infants and young children's brain and other important organs have a good effect. China's provisions can be used for children's oral liquid, the maximum dosage of 4.0~8.Og/kg; In infant food, dairy products and cereal products in the use of 0. 3~0. 5g/kg; In drink and milk drinks in the use of 0. 1~0. 5g/kg.
Differential diagnosis
- a solution containing about 2mg per 1ml was prepared by adding appropriate amounts of the product and the taurine control, and then diluted with water, respectively, as the test solution and the control solution. According to the chromatographic condition test under the item of related substances, the position and color of the main spot of the test solution should be the same as that of the reference solution.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the control (Spectrum set 44).
Safety
This product is packed with two-layer polyethylene bags lined with 25kg cardboard drum, carton or paper bag. Light-shielding, closed, in the dry place control at room temperature storage.
Exam
transmittance of solution
take 0. 5g of this product, add water 20mr to dissolve, according to UV-visible spectrophotometry (General rule 0401), determine the transmittance at 430mn wavelength, not less than 95.0%.
chloride
take this product 1. 0g, add water to make 50ml, take 25ml, check according to law (General rule 0801), and standard sodium chloride solution 5. 0ml of the control solution should not be more concentrated (0.01%).
sulfate
Take 2. 0g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0802). Compared with the control solution made of 2. 0ml of standard potassium sulfate solution, it should not be more concentrated (0. 01%).
ammonium salt
take 0.10g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0808). Compared with the control solution made of 0.02% of standard ammonium chloride solution, it shall not be deeper ().
Related substances
take an appropriate amount of this product, add water to dissolve and dilute to make a solution containing about 20mg per lml as a test solution; Take 1ml for precision measurement and put it in a 500ml measuring flask, dilute to the scale with water, shake, as a control solution; Take appropriate amount of taurine control and alanine control, add water to dissolve and dilute to make solution containing about 2mg per 1ml, take appropriate amount of each, equal volume mixing, shake, as the system applicable solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (General rule 0502) test, Draw 5 u1 of each of the above three solutions, and put them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate in the pattern of band-like spotting, with a band width of 5mm, with water-absolute ethanol-n-butanol-glacial acetic acid (150:150:100:1) as the developing solvent, expand, dry, spray with ninhydrin acetone solution (1-50), heat at 105°C for about 5 minutes until spots appear and immediately examined. The control solution should show a clear spot, and the system applicable solution should show two completely separated spots. Test solution such as impurity spots, not more than 1. The color should not be darker (0.2%) in comparison with the main spot of the control solution.
loss on drying
take this product and dry it at 105°C for 4 hours, and the weight loss shall not exceed 0.4% (General rule 0831).
ignition residue
take l.Og of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0841). The residue left shall not exceed 0.1%.
Iron Salt
take l.Og of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0807). Compared with the control solution made of 0.001% of standard iron solution, it should not be more concentrated ().
Heavy metals
The residue left under the item of taking the ignition residue shall not contain more than 10 parts per million of heavy metal when examined by law (General Principles 0821, Law II).
arsenic salt
take l.Og of this product, add 23ml of water to dissolve, add 5ml of hydrochloric acid, check according to law (General rule 0822 first law), should comply with the provisions (0.0002%).
Category
pharmaceutical excipients, solubilizers, etc.
Content determination
take about 0.2g of this product, precision weighing, add water 50ml to dissolve, precision add neutral formaldehyde solution (take formaldehyde solution, add 5 drops of phenol song indicator, use 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution was adjusted to solution microscopic pink) 5ml, according to the potentiometric titration method (General 0701), with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.lmol/L) titration. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 12.52mg of C2H7NO3S.
Medicinal category
antipyretic analgesic.
Storage
light shielding, sealed storage.
Taurine tablets
This product contains taurine (C2H7N03S) should be 95.0% to 105.0% of the label amount.
trait
This product is white or off-white.
identification
take an appropriate amount of fine powder of this product (about 0.5g equivalent to taurine), add 10ml of water, shake to dissolve, and filter. 2ml of the filtrate was taken to adjust the p H value to neutral. 1ml of ninhydrin solution was added and heated in a water bath.
examination
should be in accordance with the relevant provisions under The tablet item (General rule 0101).
Content determination
Take 10 tablets of this product, precise weighing, fine grinding, precise weighing appropriate amount (about 0.2g equivalent to taurine), add water 25ml, shake to dissolve the main component, with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.lmol/L) adjust the pH value to 7.0, add 15ml of formaldehyde solution whose pH value is adjusted to 9.0 in advance, shake well, and then use sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titrated to pH 9.0 for 30 seconds with sodium hydroxide titrant (0. The amount (ml) of 1 mol/L) was calculated. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 12.52mg of C2H7NO3S.
category
Same as taurine.
specification
0.4g
storage
light-shielded, sealed, and stored in a dry place.
Taurine capsules
This product contains taurine (C2H7N03S) should be 90.0% to 110.0% of the label amount.
trait
The content of this product is white or white crystalline powder.
identification
take an appropriate amount of the content of this product (equivalent to 0.5g of taurine), add 10ml of water to dissolve, filter, take 2ml of filtrate, adjust the pH value to neutral, add 1ml of ninhydrin test solution, when heated in a water bath, the solution appeared blue-purple.
examination
should comply with the relevant provisions under the capsule (General rule 0103).
Content determination
take the contents under the difference of loading amount, mix evenly, weigh an appropriate amount (about 0.2g equivalent to taurine) accurately, add 25ml of water, shake to dissolve, with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.lmol/L) adjust the pH value to 7.0, add 15ml of formaldehyde solution whose pH value is adjusted to 9.0 in advance, shake well, and then use sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titrated to pH 9.0 for 30 seconds with sodium hydroxide titrant (0. The amount (ml) of 1 mol/L) was calculated. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 12.52mg of C2H7N03S.
category
Same as taurine.
specification
(1)0.4g (2)0.5g
storage
light-shielded, sealed, and stored in a dry place.
Taurine powder
This product contains taurine (C2H7N03S) should be 90.0% to 110.0% of the label amount.
trait
This product is white or off-white crystal or crystalline powder.
identification
take an appropriate amount of fine powder of this product (equivalent to 0.5g of taurine), add 10ml of water, shake to dissolve, filter, take 2ml of filtrate, adjust the pH value to neutral, add 1ml of ninhydrin test solution, when heated in a water bath, the solution appeared blue-purple.
examination
should comply with the relevant provisions under the paragraph of powder (General 0115).
Content determination
take the contents under the difference of loading amount, mix evenly, weigh an appropriate amount (about 0.2g equivalent to taurine) accurately, add 25ml of water, shake to dissolve the main component, with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.lmol/L) adjust the pH value to 7.0, add 15ml of formaldehyde solution whose pH value is adjusted to 9.0 in advance, shake well, and then use sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titrated to pH 9.0 for 30 seconds with sodium hydroxide titrant (O. The amount (ml) of 1 mol/L) was calculated. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 12.52 mg of C2H7N03S.
category
Same as taurine.
specification
0.4g
storage
It was kept in a dry place and closed.
Taurine granules
This product contains taurine (C2H7N03S) should be 90.0% to 110.0% of the label amount.
trait
This product is soluble granules.
identification
- take an appropriate amount of this product (about 0.5g equivalent to taurine), add 10ml of water to dissolve, filter, take 2ml of filtrate, adjust the pH value to neutral, add 1ml of ninhydrin test solution, and heat it in a water bath, the solution was blue-purple.
- in the chromatogram recorded under the content determination item, the retention time of the main peak of the test solution should be consistent with the retention time of the main peak of the taurine control solution.
examination
should be consistent with the granules under the relevant provisions (General Principles 0104).
Content determination
- The measurement is carried out by an appropriate amino acid analysis method or by high performance liquid chromatography (General 0512).
- chromatographic conditions and system suitability test using eighteen alkyl silane bonded silica as filler; Phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-acetonitrile-water (70:15:15) as mobile phase; the column temperature was 60°C and the detection wavelength was 338nm. Using Post-column derivatization method, derivatization reagent is O-phthalaldehyde solution [sodium hydroxide 24G, boric acid 43.2g is dissolved in about 2700ml water, with sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 4.0, add 2-mercaptoethanol (2ml) and O-phthalaldehyde (8%) ethanol solution (10ml), add water to ML (ready for new production)]; Reaction tube (inner diameter: 1mm, length: about 40cm) is Teflon tube; the derivatization temperature was 60°C; The flow rate of the derivatization reagent was 0.5ml per minute. The theoretical plate number is not less than 1000 calculated from the taurine derivative peak.
- determine the contents under the item of loading difference, mix evenly, weigh an appropriate amount (about 0.15g equivalent to taurine) accurately, put it in a 50ml measuring flask, add water to dissolve and dilute to the scale, shake well, take 5ml accurately, put it in a 100ml measuring flask, dilute it to scale with water, shake well, use it as test solution, take 10u1 injection liquid chromatograph accurately, record chromatogram; another taurine reference substance was determined by the same method and calculated by peak area according to external standard method.
category
Same as taurine.
specification
(1)0.4g (2)0.8g (3)1.2g
storage
light-shielded, sealed, and stored in a dry place.
Taurine eye drops
- This product contains taurine (C2H7N03S) should be 90.0% ~ 110.
- an appropriate amount of bacteriostatic agent can be added to this product.
trait
This product is colorless or almost colorless clear liquid.
identification
- 1 drop of this product was placed on the filter paper, and 1 drop of ninhydrin test solution was added. The product was placed at 105°C for several minutes, and then the blue and purple spots appeared.
- in the chromatogram recorded under the content determination item, the retention time of the main peak of the test solution should be consistent with the retention time of the main peak of the taurine control solution.
examination
- the pH value should be 6.5 to 7.5 (General 0631).
- The osmolality should be 350 to 0632 mosmol/kg (general).
- others shall comply with the relevant provisions under Ophthalmic Preparations (General rule 0105).
Content determination
- The measurement is carried out by an appropriate amino acid analysis method or by high performance liquid chromatography (General 0512).
- chromatographic conditions and system suitability test using eighteen alkyl silane bonded silica as filler; Phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-acetonitrile-water (70:15:15) as mobile phase; the column temperature was 60°C and the detection wavelength was 338nm. Using Post-column derivatization method, derivatization reagent is O-phthalaldehyde solution [sodium hydroxide 24G, boric acid 43.2g is dissolved in about 2700ml water, with sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 4.0, add 2-mercaptoethanol (2ml) and O-phthalaldehyde (8%) ethanol solution (10ml), add water to ML (ready for new production)]; Reaction tube (inner diameter: 1mm, length: about 40cm) is Teflon tube; the derivatization temperature was 60°C; The flow rate of the derivatization reagent was 0.5ml per minute. The theoretical plate number is not less than 1000 calculated from the taurine derivative peak.
- determination of precision measurement take 3ml of this product, put it in 50ml measuring flask, dilute it with water to scale, shake it well, take 5ml of precision measurement, put it in 100ml measuring flask, dilute it with water to scale, shake well, as a test solution, take the LOL injection of human liquid chromatograph, record the chromatogram; Another taurine reference substance, the same method of operation and determination. According to the external standard method to calculate the peak area, that is.
category
Same as taurine.
specification
( l)8ml:0.4g (2)10ml:0.5g
storage
light shielding, closed storage.
Reference Information
| FEMA | 3813 | TAURINE |
| LogP | -3.36--1.2 at 20℃ |
| Introduction | Taurine (Taurine), also known as β-aminoethanesulfonic acid, was first separated from bezoar, hence the name. The appearance is colorless or white oblique crystals, odorless, stable in chemical properties, soluble in ether and other organic solvents, is a sulfur-containing non-protein amino acid, exists in the body in a free state, and does not participate in the biosynthesis of proteins in the body. Although taurine is not involved in protein synthesis, it is closely related to the metabolism of cystine and cysteine. |
| food source | taurine is widely found in the intracellular fluid of various tissues of animals in free form. taurine is rarely contained in plants. the main organs of mammals, such as heart, brain and liver, are high in content. The most abundant are marine fish, shellfish, marine plants laver, cuttlefish, octopus and shrimp, shellfish oysters, conch, clams, etc., fish mackerel, mackerel, sardines and other taurine content is also very rich. The taurine content in laver is about 1% of the total amount of dried laver, which is even higher than that in some marine animals. In fish, the content of taurine in the black part of the fish back is more, which is 5~10 times that of other white parts. |
| physiological function and efficacy | promote the development of infant brain tissue and intelligence: taurine is rich and widely distributed in the brain, which can obviously promote the growth and development of nervous system, cell proliferation and differentiation, and plays an important role in the development of brain nerve cells in a dose-dependent manner. Improve nerve conduction and visual function: The main reason why cats and nocturnal owls prey on mice is that mice are rich in taurine, and eating more can maintain their sharp vision. If infants and young children lack taurine, retinal dysfunction will occur. Prevent cardiovascular disease: Taurine can inhibit platelet aggregation in the circulatory system, reduce blood lipids, maintain normal blood pressure and prevent arteriosclerosis; it has a protective effect on myocardial cells and can resist arrhythmia; it has a special effect on reducing blood cholesterol content, Can treat heart failure. Affect the absorption of lipids: The role of taurine in the liver is to combine with bile acids to form taurocholic acid, which is necessary for the absorption of lipids in the digestive tract. Taurocholic acid can increase the solubility of lipids and cholesterol, relieve bile obstruction, reduce the cytotoxicity of certain free bile acids, inhibit the formation of cholesterol stones, and increase bile flow. Improve endocrine status and enhance human immunity: Taurine can promote the secretion of pituitary hormones, activate pancreatic function, thereby improving the state of the body's endocrine system, and beneficial regulation of the body's metabolism; and has the effect of promoting the enhancement of the organism's immunity and anti-fatigue. Affects sugar metabolism: Taurine can bind to insulin receptors, promote cell uptake and utilization of glucose, accelerate glycolysis, and reduce blood sugar concentration. Studies have shown that taurine has a certain hypoglycemic effect and does not depend on increasing insulin release. Inhibit the occurrence and development of cataracts: Taurine has an important role in regulating the osmotic pressure of crystals and anti-oxidation. During the occurrence and development of cataracts, the content of sorbic acid in the lens increases, and the osmotic pressure of the lens increases. The concentration of taurine is significantly reduced, the antioxidant effect is weakened, and the protein in the crystal is over-oxidized, which causes or aggravates the occurrence of cataracts. Taurine supplementation can inhibit the occurrence and development of cataract. Improve the function of memory: In animal experimental studies on the relationship between taurine and brain development, it was found that taurine can promote the learning and memory ability of rats. Supplementing appropriate amount of taurine can not only improve the speed of learning and memory, but also improve the accuracy of learning and memory, and also have a certain effect on the anti-aging of the nervous system. Maintaining normal reproductive function: Normal reproductive function needs to be maintained with taurine. Some data have confirmed that when the taurine content in cat feed is lower than 0.101%, its reproductive function is poor, the rates of stillbirth, abortion and congenital defects increase, and the survival rate of pups decreases. Only when it contains more than 0.105% can normal reproductive function be maintained. Other functions: Taurine has a significant effect on the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia. It can not only promote the absorption of iron in the intestine, but also increase the stability of the red blood cell membrane; taurine is also a growth-promoting factor for bifidobacteria in the human intestine, Optimize the structure of the bacterial group in the intestine; it also has anti-oxidation and anti-aging effects; it can promote acute hepatitis to return to normal; it has a protective effect on carbon tetrachloride poisoning, and can inhibit the resulting increase in serum alanine aminotransferase. It has a protective effect on nephrotoxicity. Taurine has a protective effect on the changes of rabbit primary renal tubular epithelial cells caused by cisplatin. Taurine can be sedative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, and it also has a preventive effect on frostbite, KCN poisoning and migraine. |
| identification test | take 1g of sample, add 20ml of water to dissolve it, take 5ml, add 5 drops of dilute hydrochloric acid test solution (TS-117) and 5 drops of 10% sodium nitrite solution to produce colorless bubbles. Take 0.5g of sample, add 7.5ml of sodium hydroxide test solution (TS-224), evaporate slowly to dryness, then pyrolyze in a blast furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours, add 5mt of water to the residue, mix well, filter, add 5% sodium nitrosoferricyanide test solution (TS-227) L drops, and produce purplish red. |
| content analysis | accurately weigh about 0.2g of sample, add 50ml of water to dissolve, add 5ml of formaldehyde test solution (TS-112), add 3 drops of phenolphthalein test solution (TS-167), titrate with 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide until pink appears, and conduct blank test at the same time. Taurine content (%)= Vc× 1.1252/W × 100 the difference between the consumption of V -0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution in formula; W-sample size; 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide per mlis equivalent to 0.1252g taurine; C -- sodium hydroxide concentration, mol/l. |
| usage limit | GB 14880-94 stipulates 0.3~0.5 g/kg for dairy products, infant food, cereal products and fortified beverages; Milk drinks, drinks, 0.1~0.5 g/kg. GB 2760-2002(g/kg): 0.1~0.5 of prepared wine; Jelly 0.3~0.5; Soybean milk powder, soybean powder, 0.3~0.5; Soymilk, soybean milk, 0.06~0.1; Children's oral liquid 4.0~8.0; Juice (fruity) beverage, 0.4~0.6; Cocoa powder and other nutritious solid beverages 110~140mg/100g (the corresponding nutritious milk beverage is reduced by dilution ratio); jelly 0.3~0.5 mg/kg; Juice (fruity) beverage 0.4~0.6. FEMA(mg/kg): baked goods 250; Meat products 585; Soup 500; Snack food 2100; Alcohol-free beverage 30; Breakfast cereal 1000; Oil 565; Cheese 630; Poultry 550; Egg 190; Fish 190; 200 of processed vegetables; Seasoning 1125; Sweet sauce, meat soup, rehydrated vegetable 375; 640 of nut products; 190 of milk substitutes; 3750 of sugar substitutes; Flavor 70000. |
| use | although taurine is not an amino acid that constitutes protein, it is widely distributed and is an essential amino acid for human growth and development. it plays a very important role in promoting the growth and development of children, especially the brain and other important organs of infants and young children. Our country stipulates that it can be used for children's oral liquid with a maximum dosage of 4.0~8.0 g/kg; The usage amount in infant food, dairy products and cereal products is 0.3~0.5 g/kg; The usage amount in drinking liquid and milk beverage is 0.1~0.5 g/kg. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, food industry, detergent industry and the production of fluorescent whitening agents. In addition, it is also used for other organic synthesis and biochemical reagents. Suitable for colds, fever, neuralgia, tonsillitis, bronchitis, etc. It is used to treat colds, fever, neuralgia, tonsillitis, bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and drug poisoning. Although taurine is not an amino acid that constitutes a protein, it is widely distributed and is an animal body The amino acid necessary for growth and development plays a very important role in promoting the growth and development of young children. nutrition fortifier (especially suitable for non-breastfeeding, because breast milk contains 3.3~6.2mg/100ml, milk only 0.7mg/100 m1). Used as biochemical reagent Non-selective endogenous glycine receptor agonist. It is an essential sulfonated amino acid, which regulates the apoptosis of some cells and participates in many metabolic activities in the body. Metabolites of methionine and cysteine. Non-selective endogenous agonist of glycine receptor. |
| Production method | Dibromoethane or dichloroethane reacts with sodium sulfite} and then reacts with ammonia. After 2-aminoethanol is esterified with sulfate (or brominated), it is reduced by adding sodium sulfite. 1 hydrochloric acid esterification method (1) preparation of 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride. Add 100g of concentrated hydrochloric acid into a 250mL flask, slowly add 61g of ethanolamine under stirring, raise the temperature to 145-150 ℃, pass through hydrogen chloride gas until a small amount of HCL escapes; Then distilled, distilled under reduced pressure at 150 ℃ and reacted for 15h until anhydrous distillation; Finally, the reaction solution is cooled to 70 ℃, 50g of anhydrous ethanol is added, and crystallized, after separation, washing (with absolute ethanol) and vacuum drying, 106g of finished product was obtained with a yield of 91.3%.(2) Preparation of taurine acid. Add 66.2gNa2SO3 into a 500mL flask, add 250mL of water to dissolve, start dropping 58g of the above product solution dissolved in 15mL of water at 50 ℃, and finish dropping for 6 hours. Then raise the temperature to 65 ℃ for 3h, raise the temperature to 90 ℃ for 4h, react for 1h, and finally reflux for 1h. The conversion yield of taurine content is 94%. The inorganic salt was removed by electrodialysis, and then concentrated and crystallized to obtain 57.2g of taurine. The extraction yield was 91.5%, the purity was 99.6%, and the total yield was 83.6%.2. Synthesis of 2-aminoethyl bisulfate by sulfate esterification (1). Add ethanolamine (36.6g,0.6mol) and toluene (100mL) into a 500mL flask, add 98% sulfuric acid (61.4g,0.626mol) dropwise under cooling and stirring in a water bath, and it takes about 50min to finish dropping. Then add decadecanyltriethylammonium chloride (1.4g,0.0039mol), the solvent is heated with carbon tetrachloride (CTC) for 1.5-2h, and the theoretical amount of water (about 11mL) is separated; after cooling, filtering, washing and drying, 83g of 2-aminoethyl bisulfate (melting point 273-279 ℃) was obtained with a yield of 98.1%.(2) Synthesis of taurine. Add sodium sulfite (75.6g,0.60mlo) and 250mL of water into a 500mL flask, slowly and evenly add bisulfate (28.2g,0.2mol) under the protection of nitrogen, and continue to reflux for 10-12h to generate taurine after adding; Steam the water in it under reduced pressure, add 100mL of concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for about 1h to completely dissolve the product. Filter out inorganic salt crystals and wash twice with 20mL concentrated hydrochloric acid. The filtrate is concentrated to half of the volume under reduced pressure, and 50Ml of 95% ethanol is added, I .e. some crystallization is precipitated. The filtrate is put into a refrigerator and frozen for 1-2h, filtered to obtain crude product, and recrystallized once with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain 21.3g of product (melting point 298-301 ℃, yield 85%). The total yield was 83%. 3 Dichlorosulfoxide method at 60 ℃ ethanolamine hydrochloride and SOCL2 react according to the chemical formula for 7 hours to obtain 2-chloroethanolamine hydrochloride with 99% yield. For example, 350mL 37% of hydrochloric acid is used to react with 244g of ethanolamine dissolved in 800 mL of toluene, water is removed by azeotropic at 110 ℃, cooled to 50 ℃, 3.2g of NH4Cl catalyst is added, and then 14 mLSOCl2 are added dropwise to generate 2-ethanolamine hydrochloride. Then 53.7g 80% of the above product solution was added dropwise to 180mL within 3 hours with a concentration of 21. In 4% sodium sulfite solution, react at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain an aqueous solution containing 39.8g taureic acid. Electrodialysis was used to remove salt, and cooled to 3 ℃ for crystallization and purification to obtain 99.95% product purity and 95% yield. 1. The solution of sodium 2-bromoethanesulfonate and concentrated ammonia water is evaporated to dryness and heated to remove the final water. Dissolve the residue in hot water, add 95% ethanol, crystallize taurine, and then recrystallize with 80% ethanol to obtain the finished product with a yield of about 50%. 2. monoethanolamine method monoethanolamine reacts with hydrochloric acid to generate hydrochlorinated-β-chloroethylamine, which is then obtained by sulfonation, acidification and purification. 3. The acrylamide method is obtained by sulfonating acrylamide and sodium bisulfite to form β-sulfonate propanamide salt, which is then oxidized and rearranged with sodium hypochlorite. Ethanolamine for industrial production reacts with sulfuric acid to obtain 2-aminoethyl sulfate, and then reacts with sodium sulfite to produce taurine. preparation of 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride by hydrochloric acid esterification method 100g of concentrated hydrochloric acid is added into a 250mL flask, 61g of ethanolamine is slowly added under stirring, the temperature is raised to 145~150 ℃, and hydrogen chloride gas is passed until a small amount of HCl escapes. Then distilled, distilled under reduced pressure at 150 ℃ and reacted for 15 hours until anhydrous distillation is carried out. Finally, the reaction solution is cooled to 70 0(:, 50g of anhydrous ethanol is added, cooling crystallization, separation, washing (with absolute ethanol) and vacuum drying to obtain 106g of finished product with 91.3% yield. Preparation of Taurine 66.2g Na2SO3 was added to 500mI. In the flask, 250mL of water is added to dissolve, 58g of solution dissolved in 15mL of water of the above product is added dropwise at 50 ℃, and the dropwise is finished for 6 hours. Then the temperature is raised to 65 ℃ for 3 hours, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally the reflux is 1 hour. The conversion yield of taurine content is 94%. The inorganic salt was removed by electrodialysis, and then concentrated and crystallized to obtain 57.2g taurine. The extraction yield was 91.5% and the purity was 99.6%. The total yield is 83.6%. NH2CH2CH2OH + 2HCl → NH2CH2CH2Cl · HCl + H2ONH2CH2CH2Cl · HCl + NA2SO3 → NH2CH2CH2SO3H + 2NaCl Sulphate Synthesis of 2-aminoethyl bisulfate at 500mI. Ethanolamine (36.6g,0.6 mo1) and toluene (100mL) were added to the flask, 98% sulfuric acid (61.4g,0.626 m01) was added dropwise under water bath cooling and stirring, and the dripping took about 50min to finish; Add hexanyltriethylammonium chloride (1.4g,0.0039mol,CTC), heat reflux for 1.5~2h, and separate the theoretical amount of water (about 11mL); after cooling, filtering, washing and drying, 83g of 2-aminoethyl bisulfate (mp273~279 ℃) was obtained with 98.1% yield. The synthesis of taurine is 500mL, sodium sulfite (75.6g,0.60 mo1) and 250mL of water are added to the flask, hydrogen sulfate (28.2g,0.2mol) is slowly and evenly added under the protection of nitrogen, and the taurine is generated by refluxing for 10~12h after adding. Steam the water in it under reduced pressure, slowly add 100mL concentrated hydrochloric acid and stir for about 1h to completely dissolve the product; Filter out inorganic salt crystals, wash with 20mL concentrated hydrochloric acid twice. The filtrate is concentrated to half of the original volume under reduced pressure, and 50mL of 95% ethanol is added to partially crystallize out. The filtrate is placed in a refrigerator and frozen for 1~2 hours, filtered to obtain crude product, and recrystallized once with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain 21.3g of product (melting point 298~301 ℃), the yield is 85%, and the total yield is 83%. NH2CH2CH2OH + H2SO4 → NH2CH2CH2OSO3H + H2ONH2CH2CH2OSO3H + NaSO3 → NH2CH2CH2SO3H + NaSO4 dichlorosulfoxide method at 60 ℃ ethanolamine hydrochloride and SOCl by stoichiometric reaction for 7h to obtain 2-chloroethanolamine hydrochloride with a yield of 99%. For example, 350mL of 37% hydrochloric acid is used to react with 244g of ethanolamine dissolved in 800mL of toluene, water is removed by azeotropic at 110 ℃, cooled to 50 ℃, 3.2g of NH4C1 catalyst is added, and then 14 mLSOCl2 are added dropwise to generate 2-chloroethanolamine hydrochloride. Then 53.7g of 80% aqueous solution of the above product is added dropwise to 180mL of sodium sulfite solution with a concentration of 21.4% within 3 hours, and reacted at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain an aqueous solution containing 39.8g of taurine, electrodialysis is used to remove salt, and cooled to 3 ℃ for crystallization and purification to obtain 99.95% purity of the product, yield 95% NH2CH2CH2OH · HCl + SOCl2 → NH2CH2CH2Cl · HCl + SO2 + HClNH2CH2CH2CL · HCl + Na2SI3 → NH2CH2CH2SO3H + 2NaCl |
