Collagen, Collagen Hydrolysate, Bovine Collagen, 9007-34-5

COLLAGEN (KOLAJEN)

Collagen / Kolajen / Collagen Hydrolysate / Collagen Type 1, 2, 3 / Bovine Collagen
CAS Number: 9007-34-5

1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom and the primary structural protein in the human body. It is a major component of the extracellular matrix and connective tissues, including skin, bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Collagen accounts for approximately 30% of the total protein in the human body. There are at least 16 known types of collagen, with Types I, II, and III constituting 80-90% of the total collagen in the body. Collagen is an amphoteric electrolyte that exhibits dissociation properties, capable of carrying either positive or negative charges depending on the pH level. As a structural protein, it provides strength, elasticity, and structural support to tissues. With age, natural collagen production decreases and eventually ceases. Collagen supplements are widely used in cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and medical applications to support skin health, joint function, and bone strength.

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Collagen is an amphoteric electrolyte with dissociation properties, capable of carrying either positive or negative charges depending on the pH level. The viscosity of collagen solutions varies with temperature; lower temperatures result in higher viscosity. Aqueous solutions of collagen are colloidal in nature. The amino acid composition of collagen is unique, with high concentrations of glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine are amino acids found almost exclusively in collagen and are essential for its structural integrity. The triple helix structure of collagen provides tensile strength and stability.

3. COLLAGEN TYPES

Types I, II, and III constitute 80-90% of total body collagen. Type I is primarily found in skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Type II is found in cartilage and vitreous humor. Type III is found in skin, blood vessels, and internal organs. Collagen supplements typically contain Types I, II, and III, often derived from bovine, porcine, or marine sources.

4. AMINO ACID COMPOSITION

The amino acid composition of collagen is unique. Glycine constitutes approximately one-third of collagen, allowing tight packing in the triple helix structure. Proline and hydroxyproline provide rigidity and stability to the structure. Hydroxyproline is found almost exclusively in collagen and is essential for its structural integrity. Hydroxylysine is another amino acid unique to collagen.

5. PRODUCTION METHODS

Collagen is primarily extracted from bovine sources, such as bovine tendons and bovine joint cartilage. The production process involves extraction, purification, and hydrolysis.

Detailed Production Process (Bovine Tendon Extraction):

1. Cleaning: Bovine tendons or joint cartilage are cleaned and defatted.

2. Extraction: The source material is extracted using a disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and potassium chloride. This process solubilizes the collagen.

3. Precipitation: The extracted collagen is precipitated from the solution.

4. Washing: The precipitated collagen is washed to remove impurities.

5. Drying: The washed collagen is dried to obtain the final product.

6. Hydrolysis (optional): For collagen hydrolysate, the extracted collagen is hydrolyzed using heat, acid, or enzymes. This breaks down the collagen into smaller peptides, improving solubility and bioavailability.

6. APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL USES

Collagen has a wide range of applications in cosmetics, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and the food industry.

6.1. Cosmetics and Personal Care

Collagen is widely used in cosmetic products to reduce wrinkles, improve skin elasticity, and provide a plump and smooth skin appearance. It is used in day creams, serums, toners, skin masks, and moisturizing creams.

6.2. Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements

Collagen supplements are widely used for skin, joint, bone, hair, and nail health. Type I collagen is primarily used for skin and bone health, while Type II collagen is used for joint health. Hydrolyzed collagen (collagen peptides) has improved bioavailability and is the most common form in supplements.

6.3. Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications

Collagen is used in medical applications for wound healing, bone regeneration, cartilage repair, and osteoporosis management. It is often combined with other ingredients such as hyaluronic acid and vitamins.

6.4. Food Industry

7. HEALTH BENEFITS

8. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

9. POTENTIAL SIDE EFFECTS AND WARNINGS

10. NATURAL SOURCES OF COLLAGEN

11. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

12. FIRST AID MEASURES

13. SAFETY INFORMATION (GHS CLASSIFICATION)

Collagen is not classified as a hazardous substance under GHS. However, fine powder may cause respiratory irritation.

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

Precautionary Statements (P-Codes):

14. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

15. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

16. STORAGE AND HANDLING

Collagen should be stored below 25°C in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas, protected from moisture. It is slightly hygroscopic and should be protected from moisture. Containers should be kept tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Shelf life under proper storage conditions is typically 24-36 months.

Handling Notes:

• Avoid dust generation (use enclosed systems, local exhaust ventilation)

• Avoid contact with skin and eyes (use protective gloves and goggles)

• Avoid breathing dust (use dust mask or respirator)

• Keep away from ignition sources

• Do not allow material to become wet

17. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Collagen powder is not classified as a dangerous good for transport. It is shipped in 25 kg bags, drums, or FIBCs. During transport, protect from moisture, impact, and excessive heat.

18. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Regulatory Status:

19. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

20. SUMMARY AND CRITICAL WARNINGS

SUMMARY:

Collagen (C₅₇H₉₁N₁₉O₁₆, CAS 9007-34-5) is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom and the primary structural protein in the human body. It accounts for approximately 30% of total body protein. There are at least 16 known types of collagen, with Types I, II, and III constituting 80-90% of the total. Type I is found in skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments; Type II in cartilage; and Type III in skin, blood vessels, and internal organs. Collagen is an amphoteric electrolyte with unique amino acid composition (high glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline content). It is produced primarily from bovine sources (tendons, joint cartilage) through extraction, purification, and hydrolysis. Collagen is widely used in cosmetics (anti-aging creams, moisturizers, serums, skin masks), nutraceuticals (skin, joint, bone, hair, and nail health supplements), pharmaceuticals (wound healing, bone regeneration, cartilage repair), and the food industry. It is considered GRAS by the FDA. It is stored below 25°C in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas, protected from moisture.

Key Properties:

Major Application Areas:

Key Safety Points:

• LOW TOXICITY: GRAS by FDA

• SLIGHTLY HYGROSCOPIC: Protect from moisture; store in tightly closed containers

• STORAGE: Store below 25°C in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, protected from moisture

• PPE RECOMMENDED: Dust mask, safety goggles, protective gloves (for handling powder)

• ALLERGIES: May cause allergic reactions in individuals with allergies to source (bovine, porcine, fish)

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

Most Abundant Protein: Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom and constitutes approximately 30% of total protein in the human body. It is the primary structural protein in connective tissues, including skin, bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage.

Types I, II, and III: There are at least 16 known types of collagen, but Types I, II, and III constitute 80-90% of total body collagen. Type I is found in skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Type II is found in cartilage and vitreous humor. Type III is found in skin, blood vessels, and internal organs. Collagen supplements typically contain Types I, II, and III.

Unique Amino Acid Composition: Collagen has a unique amino acid composition with high concentrations of glycine (~33%), proline (12-15%), and hydroxyproline (10-12%). Hydroxyproline is found almost exclusively in collagen and is essential for its structural integrity.

Age-Related Decline: Natural collagen production decreases with age and eventually ceases. This leads to wrinkles, sagging skin, joint pain, and bone loss. Collagen supplementation can help mitigate these effects.

Hydrolyzed Collagen (Collagen Peptides): Hydrolyzed collagen (collagen peptides) is the most common form in supplements. The hydrolysis process breaks down the collagen into smaller peptides, improving solubility and bioavailability. Typical dosages range from 2.5-20 g per day depending on the application.

Vitamin C Synergy: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis in the body. Taking collagen supplements with vitamin C may improve absorption and efficacy.

Joint Health: Type II collagen is particularly beneficial for joint health. Studies have shown that 40-50 mg per day of undenatured Type II collagen may reduce joint pain and improve mobility.

Source Considerations: Collagen supplements are available from bovine (cow), porcine (pig), marine (fish), and poultry (chicken) sources. Individuals with allergies to specific sources should choose appropriate alternatives.

Important Disclaimer: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. The information provided is based on available data and is believed to be accurate. However, the user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific application and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are responsible for testing the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with collagen.