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Send EmailPovidone Iodine, PVP Iodine, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone-iodine, PVP-I, 25655-41-8, 74500-22-4, 7553-56-2, 12190-71-5
Povidone Iodine vs. Elemental Iodine – Complete Technical Comparison
Comparative Table: Povidone Iodine vs. Elemental Iodine
| Feature | Povidone Iodine (CAS 25655-41-8 / 74500-22-4) | Elemental Iodine (CAS 7553-56-2 / 12190-71-5) |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Structure | Iodophor complex (Polyvinylpyrrolidone + Iodine) | Pure diatomic iodine (I₂) |
| Molecular Weight | ~365–493 g/mol (depends on complex ratio) | 253.81 g/mol |
| Iodine Content | ~9–14% (controlled release) | 100% iodine |
| Toxicity | Low – safe for skin and mucosa | High – irritant and volatile |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol | Slightly soluble in water; soluble in organic solvents |
| Physical Form | Yellowish-brown amorphous powder or gel | Dark violet crystals or prilled granules |
| Application Type | Topical antiseptic, wound care, surgical prep | Chemical synthesis, analytical reagent, iodized salt, feed additive |
| Pharmaceutical Use | Direct skin/mucosa application | API intermediate or tincture component |
| Laboratory Use | Microbiological disinfectant, in vitro rinsing | Redox titration, iodine value determination |
| Storage Stability | Stable under dry, sealed conditions | Sensitive to oxidation and sublimation |
| CAS Variants | 25655-41-8 (standard PVP-I), 74500-22-4 (high-iodine variant) | 7553-56-2 (prilled form), 12190-71-5 (high-purity analytical grade) |
Sectoral Usage Comparison
| Sector | Povidone Iodine Applications | Elemental Iodine Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical | Antiseptic gels, surgical prep, gynecological rinses | API synthesis, tincture iodine |
| Hygiene & Disinfection | Skin cleansers, wound disinfectants | Raw material for iodophor production |
| Laboratory & Clinical | In vitro rinsing, microbiological testing | Analytical reagent, iodine value testing |
| Cosmetics | Active ingredient in skin hygiene products | Not typically used directly |
| Medical Equipment | Disinfection of surgical tools and metal surfaces | Used in sterilization formulations |
| Agriculture & Feed | Not direct; used via iodophor formulations | Micronutrient additive in animal feed |
| Food Industry | Not direct; used in antiseptic packaging | Iodized salt production |
| Chemical Industry | Iodophor synthesis | Halogenation, catalyst, intermediate |
| Trade & Customs | CAS 25655-41-8 / 74500-22-4 for antiseptic products | CAS 7553-56-2 / 12190-71-5 for technical iodine classification |
Summary of CAS Numbers
| CAS Number | Compound Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 25655-41-8 | Povidone Iodine (standard) | Most common iodophor antiseptic; USP/EP compliant |
| 74500-22-4 | Povidone Iodine (variant) | Higher iodine content; used in gels and surgical formulations |
| 7553-56-2 | Elemental Iodine (prilled) | Pure iodine; used in synthesis, analysis, and iodized salt |
| 12190-71-5 | Elemental Iodine (pure) | High-purity analytical grade; used in lab and pharma synthesis |
Synonyms by CAS Number
Povidone Iodine (CAS 25655-41-8 / 74500-22-4)
These refer to iodophor complexes used in antiseptic formulations:
| Synonym / Trade Name | Context / Notes |
|---|---|
| Povidone Iodine | INCI name, most common international designation |
| PVP-I | Abbreviation for Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Iodine |
| Povidon Iyot | Turkish spelling |
| Povidon Iyodin | Alternate Turkish spelling |
| Polivinilprolidon Iyot | Turkish chemical variant |
| Provodin | Trade name |
| Betadine | Widely known commercial brand |
| Efo-dine | Regional trade name |
| Pharmadine | Brand name used in hospital-grade antiseptics |
| PVP Iodine | Common catalog name |
| Polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex | Structural description |
| Hydrogen triiodide compound | Used in CAS 74500-22-4 descriptions |
| 1-ethenyl-homopolymer compd. with iodine | Chemical description |
| Compd. with iodine | Simplified chemical description |
Elemental Iodine (CAS 7553-56-2 / 12190-71-5)
These refer to pure iodine used in synthesis, analysis, and iodized products:
| Synonym / Trade Name | Context / Notes |
|---|---|
| Iodine | General name |
| Molecular Iodine | Structural reference (I₂) |
| Diiodine | Formal chemical name |
| Prilled Iodine | Granular form used in industry |
| Iodine Crystals | Describes physical appearance |
| Iodine Powder | Commercial form |
| Iodine (USP/ACS) | Pharmaceutical and analytical grade |
| Iodine Solution Standard Substance | Analytical reagent grade |
| Iodien | German variant spelling |
| HX968 | Supplier-specific catalog code |
| Iodide (I21-) | Registry variant (not to be confused with iodide ion) |
| Iodine sublimed | Purified form |
| Iodine resublimed | Double-purified form |
Povidone Iodine – Complete Technical Information
Product Identity
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Povidone Iodine |
| CAS Numbers | 25655-41-8 (standard), 74500-22-4 (high-iodine variant) |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₁₀I₃NO |
| Molar Mass | 492.87 g/mol |
| MDL Number | MFCD00084483 |
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Yellow-brown to red-brown amorphous powder |
| Odor | Slight characteristic odor |
| Melting Point | 300°C (decomposes) |
| Boiling Point | 217.6°C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 93.9°C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.132 mmHg at 25°C |
| pH | Aqueous solution is acidic |
| Solubility | Soluble in water and ethanol; insoluble in ether, chloroform, acetone, ethane, and carbon tetrachloride |
| Storage Condition | Room temperature, protected from light and moisture |
Product Description
Povidone Iodine is an iodophor complex consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and iodine. It combines the germicidal efficacy of iodine with the safety and mildness of the PVP carrier. The aqueous solution has a light color, is easy to rinse off, and has low irritation to mucous membranes.
Key Advantages:
-
No need for ethanol deiodination after use
-
Non-corrosive
-
Low toxicity
-
Controlled release of iodine
Applications and Uses
| Application Area | Function |
|---|---|
| Antiseptic | Germicidal disinfectant for skin and mucous membranes |
| Wound Care | Prevents infection in cuts, burns, and abrasions |
| Surgical Preparation | Pre-operative skin disinfection |
| Gynecological Products | Vaginal antiseptic rinses and suppositories |
| Ophthalmic Preparations | Antiseptic for eye drops |
| Nasal Preparations | Antiseptic for nasal drops |
| Topical Creams | Antiseptic in dermatological formulations |
| Medical Equipment | Disinfection of surgical instruments |
| Laboratory | Microbiological disinfectant, in vitro rinsing |
Elemental Iodine – Complete Technical Information
Product Identity
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Elemental Iodine |
| CAS Numbers | 7553-56-2 (prilled form), 12190-71-5 (high-purity analytical grade) |
| Molecular Formula | I₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 253.81 g/mol |
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Dark violet crystals or prilled granules with metallic luster |
| Odor | Characteristic pungent odor |
| Density | 4.93 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 113.7 °C |
| Boiling Point | 184.3 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.31 mmHg at 25°C |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water (0.3 g/L at 20°C); freely soluble in organic solvents (ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride) |
| Sublimation | Sublimes at room temperature, forming violet vapors |
| Storage Condition | Store in tightly closed containers, protected from light and heat |
Applications and Uses
| Application Area | Function |
|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical Synthesis | API intermediate for various drugs |
| Antiseptic Preparations | Component of iodine tincture |
| Analytical Chemistry | Redox titration, iodine value determination |
| Iodized Salt | Essential micronutrient for human health |
| Animal Feed | Micronutrient additive |
| Chemical Synthesis | Halogenation reactions, catalyst |
| Photography | Component in photographic chemicals |
| Laboratory Reagent | High-purity analytical grade for research |
Key Differences Summary
| Aspect | Povidone Iodine | Elemental Iodine |
|---|---|---|
| Safety Profile | Safe for direct skin and mucosa application | Toxic, irritant, requires careful handling |
| Application | Ready-to-use antiseptic formulations | Raw material for synthesis and compounding |
| Stability | Stable in dry conditions | Sublimes, requires special storage |
| Water Solubility | Good water solubility | Poor water solubility |
| Release Mechanism | Controlled release of iodine | Immediate availability of iodine |
| Regulatory Status | Final product ingredient | Chemical intermediate |
