Zinc Pyrithione , Zinc Omadine, Zinc Polyanemine, Pyrithione Zincique, ZPT, 13463-41-7

Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT)

1. Product Identity & Chemical Information

2. Functional Properties

Mechanism of Action: Disrupts metal ion homeostasis in cell membranes, triggers ROS production, and inhibits cellular metabolism.

3. Application Areas & Dosage

4. Physicochemical Properties

5. Compatibility Table

6. Toxicology & Safety Information

GHS Classification

Toxicological Data

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

7. Regulatory Status

Important Note: As of March 1, 2022, Zinc Pyrithione is banned in cosmetic products in the EU (Annex II of Cosmetics Regulation). Industrial uses (paints, coatings, plastics, textiles, water treatment, agriculture, veterinary) remain allowed.

8. Storage & Shelf Life

9. Comparison with Alternatives

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is ZPT banned in cosmetics in the EU?
A: Due to toxicological concerns regarding oral exposure risk and high aquatic toxicity. Industrial uses remain unrestricted.

Q2: What is the optimal pH for shampoo formulations?
A: 4.5–6.5 is recommended. Activity decreases above pH 9.

Q3: How to overcome incompatibility with EDTA?
A: Replace EDTA with alternative chelators (gluconate, citrate) at low concentrations, or remove EDTA completely.

Q4: Which resin systems are compatible with ZPT in paints?
A: Excellent compatibility with acrylic, epoxy, alkyd, polyester, and polyurethane systems.

Q5: How to prevent color change in textile application?
A: Keep concentration below 0.3%, apply at neutral pH, and keep drying temperature <150°C.

Q6: Is ZPT approved for water treatment use?
A: Yes, under EU Biocidal Products Regulation for PT7 (film preservatives) and PT13 (metalworking fluids).

Q7: Which actives can be combined with ZPT in veterinary products?
A: Chlorhexidine (0.5–2%), ketoconazole (0.5–1%), miconazole – stable and effective combinations.

11. Disclaimer

This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is based on current available information and is provided for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the product for their specific application. Compliance with local regulations is the user's responsibility. The manufacturer/supplier shall not be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this information.

Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT) – Detailed Sectoral Applications

Below is a comprehensive breakdown of Zinc Pyrithione's usage by sector, including purpose, application method, typical concentrations, formulation tips, and important warnings.

1. Cosmetics Sector

Applications

• Anti-dandruff shampoos

• Hair conditioners and rinse-off products

• Scalp lotions and tonics

• Post-hair wash care sprays

Application Method

ZPT is added to the shampoo base as a homogeneous suspension. Particle size distribution (D90 < 10 µm) is critical for product homogeneity and efficacy.

Typical Concentrations

Formulation Tips

• Surfactants: Excellent compatibility with anionic surfactants (SLES, ALS, SLS). Also compatible with amphoteric (cocamidopropyl betaine).

• Thickeners: Compatible with NaCl, carbomer, gums.

• pH: Maximum stability and efficacy at pH 4.5 – 6.5.

• Forbidden combinations: EDTA and other chelators (citrate, gluconate at high doses) inactivate ZPT. Avoid EDTA in shampoo formulations.

• Preservatives: Compatible with phenoxyethanol, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate.

• Fragrances & colorants: Compatible with most, but interaction testing with high concentrations of certain aldehydes is recommended.

Warnings

• Use in cosmetics is banned in the EU (post-2022). Turkey follows this ban.

• Allowed in the USA up to 2%, in China up to 1.5%.

2. Dermatology (Medical Skin Care)

Applications

• Seborrheic dermatitis treatment creams

• Eczema (atopic dermatitis) adjunctive therapy

• Acne vulgaris topical gels

• Topical antifungal lotions (Tinea versicolor, etc.)

Application Method

Suspended in oil phase or water phase of cream, lotion or gel formulations. Typically applied to affected area 1–2 times daily, preferably before bedtime.

Typical Concentrations

Formulation Tips

• Base type: Oil-in-water emulsions (creams) or hydrogels preferred.

• Oil phase: Compatible with mineral oil, isopropyl myristate, triglycerides.

• Emulsifiers: Nonionic (polysorbate, sorbitan esters) preferred.

• Controlled release: Carbomer or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) can provide sustained release.

• Combinations: Ketoconazole or clotrimazole for antifungal synergy; hydrocortisone for anti-inflammatory effect.

Warnings

• Do not use on open wounds.

• In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with plenty of water.

3. Paint & Coatings Sector

Applications

• Exterior paints (acrylic, silicone, latex)

• Marine paints (antifouling)

• Wood preservative paints and varnishes

• Metal coatings (industrial equipment)

• Anti-mold wall paints (bathroom, kitchen)

Application Method

Powder ZPT is added directly to the paint formulation, or a pre-made dispersion (e.g., 50% ZPT in PEG) is used. High-speed mixing or milling may be required for homogeneous distribution.

Typical Concentrations

Resin Compatibility

Formulation Tips

• Dispersants: Polyacrylate or phosphate ester dispersants can be used.

• pH: Stable at pH 7–9 in water-based paints.

• Combinations: Synergistic effect with isothiazolinones (e.g., BIT, MIT); can be combined with copper-based compounds.

• UV stability: ZPT slowly degrades under UV light; for exterior use, combine with UV absorbers or HALS.

Warnings

• High-temperature curing (>150°C) may cause degradation.

• Powder form presents inhalation risk; dust control is essential for worker safety.

4. Textile Sector

Applications

• Antibacterial finished fabrics (hospital sheets, gowns)

• Sportswear (odor prevention)

• Shoe linings (anti-fungal and anti-bacterial)

• Home textiles (towels, bed sheets)

Application Methods

1. Padding (pad-dry-cure): ZPT is suspended in water and applied with a binder resin.

2. Microencapsulation: Controlled-release microcapsules applied as a finish or coating.

3. Extrusion (synthetic fibers): ZPT masterbatch added to polymer melt (polyester, polyamide).

Typical Concentrations (% on fabric weight)

Formulation Tips

• Binders: Acrylate or polyurethane binders improve wash fastness.

• pH: Padding bath should be pH 5.5 – 7.0.

• Temperature: Drying and curing temperature <150°C (above 150°C causes degradation).

• Softener: Compatible with cationic softeners; nonionic preferred.

Warnings

• High concentrations (>0.5%) may cause stiffness and yellowing (color change) on fabric.

• Possible interaction with certain metal complex dyes; pre-testing is essential.

5. Water Treatment Sector

Applications

• Closed-loop cooling water systems (biocide)

• Industrial process water (paper, metalworking)

• CIP (Clean-In-Place) cleaning solutions

• Reverse osmosis membrane protection (microbial fouling prevention)

• Tower water and small-scale pools

Application Method

Liquid form (50% suspension) is injected into the water system using dosing pumps. Intermittent or continuous dosing possible.

Typical Concentrations

Formulation Tips

• pH stability: Active in range 4.5 – 9.0. Hydrolyzes above pH 9.

• Temperature: Stable up to 50°C; degradation accelerates at higher temperatures.

• Combinations: Synergistic biocide blends with isothiazolinones (e.g., CMIT/MIT).

• Chelator warning: Chelators such as EDTA and phosphonates inactivate ZPT; use polymeric dispersants instead.

Warnings

• Due to aquatic toxicity (WGK 3), neutralization or advanced treatment may be required before discharge to the environment.

• Allowed in closed systems under REACH; may be restricted in open systems.

6. Plastics & Polymers Sector

Applications

• Antimicrobial packaging films (food packaging, medical packaging)

• Medical devices (catheters, syringes, surgical instrument handles)

• Kitchenware (cutting boards, storage containers)

• Automotive interior trim (mold and bacteria prevention)

• Children's toys

• Shower curtains, bathroom accessories

Application Method

ZPT powder is added as a masterbatch to polymer granules before extrusion or injection molding. Masterbatch (10–20% concentration) is prepared in a carrier resin (usually the same polymer). Diluted to final concentration in the end product.

Typical Concentrations & Processing Temperatures

Thermal Stability

ZPT withstands short-term (a few minutes) processing up to 240°C. Degradation begins above 200°C with prolonged exposure. If processing temperature exceeds 220°C, consider alternative antimicrobials (e.g., silver-based).

Formulation Tips

• Dispersion: Twin-screw extruder with adequate shear is required for homogeneous dispersion of ZPT powder in the polymer.

• Color: Pure ZPT is white, but slight yellowing may occur at high concentrations or with aging. Titanium dioxide can correct color.

• Lubricants: Compatible with calcium stearate, zinc stearate.

• Antioxidants: Compatible with phenolic antioxidants (e.g., Irganox).

Warnings

• Check compliance with regional regulations (FDA, EU) for food contact applications.

• In PVC, high-temperature release of hydrochloric acid can degrade ZPT; use together with PVC stabilizers.

7. Agriculture Sector

Applications

• Foliar spray against fungal diseases in greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals (powdery mildew, downy mildew)

• Seed coating (pre-sowing fungal protection)

• Mold prevention on stored grains and fruits

• Soil conditioner (limited)

• Biocide in hydroponic system water

Application Method

ZPT is suspended in water and applied as foliar spray or soil drench. For seed coating, seeds are mixed with ZPT suspension and dried.

Typical Concentrations

Phytotoxicity Risk by Crop

Formulation Tips

• Adjuvant: Nonionic surfactant (e.g., polysorbate 20) improves leaf wetting.

• pH: Spray solution pH should be 5–8. Acidic or alkaline conditions increase phytotoxicity risk.

• Combinations: Can be mixed with copper-based fungicides but phytotoxicity risk increases. Compatible with sulfur.

• Application timing: Apply during cool hours (early morning or evening).

Warnings

• Agricultural use is restricted in many countries; check registration status.

• Low toxicity to bees, but avoid application during flowering.

• Low persistence in soil (half-life ~2–7 days).

8. Veterinary Sector

Applications

• Seborrheic dermatitis shampoos for dogs and cats

• Topical treatment of fungal infections (ringworm, Malassezia dermatitis)

• Adjunctive treatment for bacterial pyoderma

• Hoof antifungal sprays for horses and cattle

• Foot baths for poultry

Application Method

• Shampoo: Wet animal's coat, apply shampoo, leave for 5–10 minutes (contact time is important), rinse. Frequency: 2–3 times per week.

• Spray/lotion: Spray or apply to affected area 1–2 times daily.

Typical Concentrations

Synergistic Combinations

Formulation Tips

• Shampoo base: Combine anionic (SLES) + amphoteric (betaine).

• pH: Animal skin pH is higher than human (dog ~7.0–7.5). Shampoo pH 6.5–7.5 is suitable.

• Moisturizers: Glycerin, panthenol reduce skin irritation.

• Foam stability: Add cocamide DEA or glycol distearate.

Warnings

• Cats: More sensitive to ZPT. Excessive licking can lead to oral toxicity (salivation, vomiting). Do not exceed 1% in cat products and rinse thoroughly.

• Young animals: Do not use on puppies or kittens under 6 weeks of age.

• Wounds or damaged skin: Do not use – absorption increases.

• Eye contact: Rinse with plenty of water.

Summary Table: Sectors and Critical Parameters

Documents

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• Betakim Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT)_TDS.docx
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