E471, Glycerol Monostearate, Glyceryl monosteara, GMS, Monostearin, 123-94-4, 31566-31-1, 11099-07-3, 342394-34-7

E471, Glycerol Monostearate, Glyceryl monosteara, GMS, Monostearin, 123-94-4, 31566-31-1, 11099-07-3, 342394-34-7

CAS: 123-94-4;31566-31-1;11099-07-3;342394-34-7

Molecular Formula: C21H42O4

Names and Identifiers

Physico-chemical Properties

Upstream Downstream Industry

Nature

milky white to light yellow flakes or powder. The melting point of 58~59 degrees C, the relative density of 0.97. Insoluble in water, dispersed in hot water, water-in-oil emulsifier, good emulsifying properties. Soluble in hot organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone and mineral oil.

Use

can be used as emulsifier, co-emulsifier, stabilizer and preservative. Emulsifiers for industrial silk oil and lubricants for textiles; Used as dripping agents and antifogging agents in plastic films; Used as lubricants and antistatic agents in plastic processing; Used as suppository base agents and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical industry. It is also used in the preparation of cosmetic creams, creams and lotions. The reference dosage of dairy products, margarine and cakes was 0.3% ~ 0.5%, and the dosage of defoaming agent of soy sauce, soybean milk and lactic acid beverage was 0.1%.

Safety

non-toxic, non-irritating.

Nature

Uses and synthesis methods

chemical properties

White or yellowish waxy solid, odorless and tasteless. Relative density 0.97, melting point 56~58 ℃. Soluble in hot organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone, mineral oil, fatty oil, etc., insoluble in water, but can be dispersed in hot water under strong stirring to form an emulsion. HLB value 3.8. ADI is not limited (No limited,FAO/WHO,1994).

use

1, as W/O emulsifier, China's regulations can be used in all kinds of food, according to the production needs of appropriate use.

2. this product is an emulsifier. In the application of food additives, bread, biscuits, cakes, etc. are the most used, followed by cream, butter, and ice cream. As an excipient in pharmaceutical products, it is used for the preparation of neutral ointment; in daily chemicals, it is used for the preparation of snow cream, frost, clam oil, etc. It is also used as a solvent for oils and waxes, a hygroscopic powder protective agent and an opaque opacifier. Glycerol fatty acid esters produced by the reaction of glycerol and fatty acids include monoesters, diesters, and triesters. Triesters are fats and oils, and they have no emulsifying ability at all. Generally, a mixture of monoesters and diesters can be used, and products with a monoester content of about 90% can be obtained by distillation and refining. The fatty acids used can be stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc. However, in most cases, mixed fatty acids with stearic acid as the main component are used.

production method

1, obtained by esterification of glycerin and stearic acid. Add stearic acid, glycerin and sodium hydroxide into the reaction pot, heat and melt, start stirring, and introduce nitrogen. Heating, reacting at 185 ℃ for 7h, pH should be less than 5 at the end of the reaction. Cooling and discharging to obtain glycerol monostearate. Each ton of product consumes more than 82kg of stearin and 235kg of glycerin (more than 95%).

2, direct esterification

according to the molar ratio of stearic acid and glycerol of 1:(1.2~1.3), under the action of 0.2% acidic catalyst, react at 180~250 ℃ for 2~4h; The reactants are quickly cooled to 100 ℃, alkali is added to neutralize the catalyst, and a product containing monoester 40% ~ 60% is obtained after washing with water.

transesterification

glyceryl stearate and glycerol react at 170~240 ℃ for 1~2h in the presence of 0.06% ~ 0.1% Cu(OH)2. during the reaction, nitrogen is introduced for protection. after deodorization, acid neutralization and purification of the reactants, a product containing monoester 40% ~ 60% is obtained.

Glycidyl saponification method

glycidyl and stearic acid react at 100~130 ℃ for 30~70min under the catalysis of tetraethylammonium iodide. after refining the reactants, a product containing monoester 80% ~ 90% can be obtained.

Epichlorohydrin phase transfer catalysis

epichlorohydrin and sodium stearate (2:1, molar ratio) in toluene, under the catalysis of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, react at 90~110 ℃ for 2h; The reactants are washed with sodium chloride solution, the organic phase is divided, toluene and unreacted epichlorohydrin are distilled to obtain glycidyl stearate, hydrolyzed with 0.1mol/L Na, the monoester content is above 90%. Monoester products with a content of 40% ~ 60% can obtain high concentration products of more than 90% by molecular distillation.

Security information