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Send EmailPolysorbate 60, Tween 60, Polyoxyethylene 20 Sorbitan Monostearate, E435, 9005-67-8
TWEEN 60 (POLYSORBATE 60)
| Product Name | Chemical Name | CAS No | E Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polysorbate 20 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate | 9005-64-5 | E432 |
| Polysorbate 40 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate | 9005-66-7 | E434 |
| Polysorbate 60 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate | 9005-67-8 | E435 |
| Polysorbate 80 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate | 9005-65-6 | E433 |
SECTION 1: PRODUCT IDENTITY AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Tween 60 |
| Chemical Name | Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monostearate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Polisorbat 60, Tween 60, Tween R60, Emülgatör T60, Polioksietilen Sorbitan Monostearat |
| Synonyms (English) | Polysorbate 60, Tween 60, Tween R60, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate, Emulsifier T60 |
| CAS Number | 9005-67-8 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 500-020-4 |
| Molecular Formula | C₂₂H₄₂O₈ (base structure) |
| Molecular Weight | 434.56 g/mol (base); variable (polymer) |
| Chemical Class | Non-ionic surfactant; Polysorbate; Sorbitan ester |
| HLB Value | ~14.9 |
| Source | Synthetic (Ethoxylation of sorbitan monostearate) |
| Appearance | Milky white to yellowish viscous liquid or frozen paste |
| Odor | Slight, characteristic |
| Physical State (25°C) | Viscous liquid / frozen paste |
| Ionic Character | Non-ionic |
SECTION 2: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
Structure Description:
CH₂ - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
/
CH - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
\
CH - OCO - C₁₇H₃₅
\
CH - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
\
CH₂ - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate (Tween 60)
(total n ≈ 20)
Simplified Structure:
Sorbitan — OCO — C₁₇H₃₅
|
20 mol Ethylene Oxide
Tween 60
(Stearic acid + Sorbitan + PEG-20)
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Structure | Sorbitan monostearate ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide |
| Functional Groups | Ester (-COO-), Ether (-O-), Hydroxyl (-OH) |
| Hydrophilic Part | Polyoxyethylene chains (PEG-20) |
| Lipophilic Part | Stearic acid group (C18:0) |
| Degree of Ethoxylation | ~20 mol ethylene oxide |
| HLB Value | ~14.9 |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1C(COC1(CO)CO)CO |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C22H42O8/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19(24)29-22-21(26)20(25)18-27-22/h20-22,25-26H,2-18H2,1H3 |
| InChI Key | NONE PROVIDED |
SECTION 3: POLYSORBATE TYPES COMPARISON
| Parameter | Polysorbate 20 | Polysorbate 40 | Polysorbate 60 | Polysorbate 80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Name | Tween 20 | Tween 40 | Tween 60 | Tween 80 |
| Fatty Acid | Lauric (C12:0) | Palmitic (C16:0) | Stearic (C18:0) | Oleic (C18:1) |
| CAS Number | 9005-64-5 | 9005-66-7 | 9005-67-8 | 9005-65-6 |
| E Number | E432 | E434 | E435 | E433 |
| HLB Value | ~16.7 | ~15.6 | ~14.9 | ~15.0 |
| Physical State | Liquid | Semi-solid | Semi-solid | Semi-solid |
| Melting Point | ~0°C | ~30°C | ~45-50°C | ~-15°C |
| Primary Use | Flavor emulsifier, solubilizer | Baking, ice cream | Margarine, creams | Ice cream, vaccines, cosmetics |
| INCI Name | Polysorbate 20 | Polysorbate 40 | Polysorbate 60 | Polysorbate 80 |
SECTION 4: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Milky white to yellowish viscous liquid or paste | Visual |
| Odor | Slight, characteristic | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | 434.56 g/mol | Calculated |
| Density (25°C) | ~1.12 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 |
| Relative Density (25°C) | 1.06 – 1.09 | - |
| Melting Point | 45 – 50 °C | DSC |
| Boiling Point | 583.8 °C (760 mmHg) | - |
| Flash Point | 190.4 °C | ASTM D93 |
| Viscosity (30°C) | 300 – 450 cSt | - |
| pH (50 g/L, H₂O, 25°C) | 5.5 – 7.7 | USP <791> |
| Water Solubility | Soluble (100 g/L) | General Method |
| Hot Water Solubility | Better soluble | General Method |
| Ethanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Isopropanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Methanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Mineral Oil Solubility | Slightly soluble | General Method |
| Vegetable Oil Solubility | Insoluble | General Method |
| Refractive Index | ~1.498 | ASTM D1218 |
| HLB Value | ~14.9 | - |
| Acid Value | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Saponification Value | 45 – 55 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Hydroxyl Value | 81 – 96 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Peroxide Value | ≤10 meq/kg | Titrimetric |
| Moisture Content | ≤3.0% | Karl Fischer |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤0.25% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals | ≤10 ppm | USP <231> |
| Hygroscopicity | High (absorbs moisture) | - |
SECTION 5: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Emulsifier (O/W) | Excellent oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier; Stabilizes emulsions; HLB ~14.9 |
| Solubilizer | Solubilizes oils, fragrances and active ingredients |
| Wetting Agent | Reduces surface tension; Improves wetting properties |
| Dispersant | Disperses solids and immiscible liquids |
| Detergent | Functions as detergent and cleaning agent |
| Antistatic | Provides antistatic properties in textile applications |
| Lubricant | Functions as lubricant |
| Defoamer | Acts as defoamer in certain applications |
| Stabilizer | Stabilizes foams and suspensions |
| Compatibility | Compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants |
SECTION 6: COSMETIC AND PERSONAL CARE APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit | Typical Use Level |
|---|---|---|
| Creams and Lotions | Emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer | 1 – 5% |
| Shampoos | Emulsifier, thickener, conditioner | 0.5 – 3% |
| Hair Conditioners | Emulsifier, antistatic, lubricant | 0.5 – 3% |
| Sunscreens | Emulsifier, dispersant | 1 – 5% |
| Makeup Products | Emulsifier, dispersant | 1 – 5% |
| Facial Cleansers | Emulsifier, solubilizer | 1 – 5% |
| Body Washes | Emulsifier, solubilizer | 0.5 – 3% |
| Perfume Products | Solubilizer for essential oils | 1 – 5% |
| Baby Care Products | Emulsifier, mild surfactant | 1 – 3% |
SECTION 7: FOOD APPLICATIONS (E435)
| Application | Function / Benefit | Typical Use Level |
|---|---|---|
| Bakery Products | Emulsifier, dough conditioner | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Ice Cream | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Salad Dressings | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Cream Liqueurs | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Confectionery | Emulsifier, dispersant | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Cake Mixes | Emulsifier, wetting agent | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Non-dairy Creamers | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Margarine | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
SECTION 8: PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit |
|---|---|
| Emulsion Formulations | Emulsifier, stabilizer |
| Topical Preparations | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Oral Suspensions | Wetting agent, dispersant |
| Suppositories | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Capsules | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Injectable Formulations | Solubilizer, emulsifier |
| Pharmaceutical Excipient | Solubilizer and emulsifier |
SECTION 9: INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit |
|---|---|
| Textile Industry | Lubricant, antistatic agent, emulsifier |
| Metalworking Fluids | Emulsifier, lubricant |
| Agrochemicals | Emulsifier, dispersant |
| Paints and Coatings | Dispersant, wetting agent |
| Cutting Fluids | Emulsifier, lubricant |
| Polishes | Emulsifier, dispersant |
| Industrial Cleaners | Detergent, wetting agent |
| Paper Industry | Coating, defoamer |
| Gas Chromatography | Stationary phase (max. 160°C) |
SECTION 10: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Food Grade (E435) | Pharmaceutical Grade | Cosmetic Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Milky white-yellowish paste | Milky white-yellowish paste | Milky white-yellowish paste | Visual |
| Assay | ≥98.0% | ≥99.0% | ≥98.0% | HPLC / Titrimetric |
| Acid Value | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | ≤1.0 mg KOH/g | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Saponification Value | 45 – 55 mg KOH/g | 45 – 55 mg KOH/g | 45 – 55 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Hydroxyl Value | 81 – 96 mg KOH/g | 81 – 96 mg KOH/g | 81 – 96 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Peroxide Value | ≤10 meq/kg | ≤5 meq/kg | ≤10 meq/kg | Titrimetric |
| pH (50 g/L) | 5.5 – 7.7 | 5.5 – 7.7 | 5.5 – 7.7 | pH Meter |
| Moisture Content | ≤3.0% | ≤2.0% | ≤3.0% | Karl Fischer |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤0.25% | ≤0.25% | ≤0.25% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm | ≤5 ppm | ≤10 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤2 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤2 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤2 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤2 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Ethylene Oxide Residue | ≤1 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤1 ppm | GC |
| 1,4-Dioxane Residue | ≤5 ppm | ≤5 ppm | ≤5 ppm | GC |
| Ethylene Glycol | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | GC |
| Diethylene Glycol | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | GC |
SECTION 11: IDENTIFICATION TESTS
| Test | Method | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Alkaline Hydrolysis Test | 5 ml 1:20 solution + NaOH, boil, cool, acidify | Milky white turbidity |
| Bromine Water Test | 2 ml 1:20 solution + bromine water | Bromine water does not decolorize |
| Gel Formation | 6 ml + 4 ml water | Gel formation |
| Cobalt Thiocyanate Test | 10 ml solution + cobalt ammonium thiocyanate + chloroform | Chloroform layer turns blue |
SECTION 12: SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Assessment |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Not classified as hazardous substance |
| Signal Word | None |
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50) | >38,000 mg/kg (rabbit) – practically non-toxic |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Low toxicity |
| Skin Irritation | Not irritant - Mildly irritant |
| Eye Irritation | Mildly irritant |
| Skin Sensitization | Low potential |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | Not classified |
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable |
| Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) | 0 – 25 mg/kg body weight (JECFA/EFSA) |
Safety Recommendations:
-
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes
-
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water
-
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing
-
Store below +30°C
SECTION 13: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (in accordance with 1272/2008/EC):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Not classified as hazardous substance | – | – |
Signal Word: None (Not classified as hazardous)
Hazard Pictograms: None
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 0 | - |
| (Minimal health hazard) | (Combustible) | (Stable) | (None) |
SECTION 14: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P332+P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P362+P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
SECTION 15: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Route of Exposure | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | If inhaled as powder or mist, move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms persist. |
| Skin Contact | Remove contaminated clothing. Wash with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation develops. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Drink 1-2 glasses of water. Seek medical attention. |
SECTION 16: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Combustible organic material |
| Flash Point | 190.4 °C |
| Fire-Related Hazards | CO, CO₂ |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water mist, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam |
| Special Protective Equipment | SCBA, full protective clothing |
SECTION 17: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | Store below +30°C |
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Container Requirements | Closed containers; protect from light |
| Incompatible Materials | Heat, moisture, contamination |
| Hygroscopicity | Easily absorbs moisture |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 36 months (under proper storage) |
| Signs of Degradation | Color change, viscosity change, rancid odor |
SECTION 18: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity / Capacity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| HDPE Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg, 200 kg | HDPE |
| Fiber Drum (PE Lined) | 25 kg, 50 kg | Fiber / PE |
| Metal Drum (Lined) | 200 kg | Lined steel |
| IBC Container | 500 kg, 1000 kg | HDPE |
| Aluminum Foil Bag | 1 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg | Aluminum / PE |
SECTION 19: TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not applicable (not classified as dangerous substance) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not classified as dangerous goods |
| IMDG Code | Not marine pollutant |
| IATA (Air) | Not classified as dangerous goods; can be transported by air |
SECTION 20: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Food additive E435; Approved as cosmetic ingredient |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS; Approved as food additive |
| Turkey | Approved as food additive and cosmetic ingredient |
| USP/EP | Official monograph |
| INCI | Listed (Polysorbate 60) |
| REACH | Registered substance |
| CIR | Safe for cosmetic use |
| Halal | Yes (with certification) |
| Kosher | Yes (with certification) |
| Vegan | Yes (plant-derived) |
SECTION 21: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Polisorbat 60, Tween 60, Emülgatör T60, Polioksietilen Sorbitan Monostearat |
| English Names | Polysorbate 60, Tween 60, Tween R60, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate |
| Trade Marks | Tween 60, Tween R60, Emulsifier T60 |
| E Number | E435 |
| CAS Number | 9005-67-8 |
| EC Number | 500-020-4 |
| INCI Name | Polysorbate 60 |
| HS Code | 3402.13 |
SECTION 22: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
-
Melting Temperature: Tween 60 melts at 45-50°C. It may be in frozen paste form at room temperature. Heating to 50-60°C may be required before use.
-
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture; store in tightly closed, dry containers.
-
HLB Value: HLB ~14.9 makes it an excellent oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier.
-
Compatibility: Compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants.
-
Food Use: E435 is a food additive (ice cream, baking, sauces).
-
Temperature: Decomposition begins above 190°C.
-
Pharmacopoeia Compliance: USP/EP official monograph available.
-
Impurities: Ethylene oxide and dioxane residues are strictly controlled (≤1 ppm and ≤5 ppm).
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
-
Heating: Melt solidified Tween 60 at 50-60°C in a water bath or heated mixer.
-
Addition: Can be added to oil phase or water phase in formulations; mix at 60-70°C.
-
Emulsion: Add to oil phase for O/W emulsions.
-
Solubilization: Use as solubilizer for essential oils and fragrances.
-
Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place; protect from moisture.
-
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, safety goggles.
-
Quality Control: Regularly perform acid value, saponification value, pH, moisture content, peroxide value tests.
-
Food Use: Dosage 0.1-0.5%; use in combination with other emulsifiers for optimal performance.
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or guarantee. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.
