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Send EmailPolysorbate 40, Tween 40, Polyoxyethylene 20 Sorbitan Monopalmitate, E434, 9005-66-7
TWEEN 40 (POLYSORBATE 40)
| Product Name | Chemical Name | CAS No | E Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polysorbate 20 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate | 9005-64-5 | E432 |
| Polysorbate 40 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate | 9005-66-7 | E434 |
| Polysorbate 60 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate | 9005-67-8 | E435 |
| Polysorbate 80 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate | 9005-65-6 | E433 |
SECTION 1: PRODUCT IDENTITY AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Tween 40 |
| Chemical Name | Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monopalmitate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Polisorbat 40, Tween 40, Tween R40, Emülgatör T-40, Polioksietilen Sorbitan Monopalmitat |
| Synonyms (English) | Polysorbate 40, Tween 40, Tween R40, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate, Emulsifier T-40 |
| CAS Number | 9005-66-7 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 500-018-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₂H₁₈O₁₁ (base structure) |
| Molecular Weight | 338.26 g/mol (base); variable (polymer) |
| Chemical Class | Non-ionic surfactant; Polysorbate; Sorbitan ester |
| HLB Value | ~15.6 |
| Source | Synthetic (Ethoxylation of sorbitan monopalmitate) |
| Appearance | Milky white to yellowish to orange viscous liquid or frozen paste |
| Odor | Slight, characteristic |
| Physical State (25°C) | Viscous liquid / frozen paste |
| Ionic Character | Non-ionic |
SECTION 2: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
Structure Description:
CH₂ - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
/
CH - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
\
CH - OCO - C₁₅H₃₁
\
CH - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
\
CH₂ - (OCH₂CH₂)ₙ - OH
Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Tween 40)
(total n ≈ 20)
Simplified Structure:
Sorbitan — OCO — C₁₅H₃₁
|
20 mol Ethylene Oxide
Tween 40
(Palmitic acid + Sorbitan + PEG-20)
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Structure | Sorbitan monopalmitate ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide |
| Functional Groups | Ester (-COO-), Ether (-O-), Hydroxyl (-OH) |
| Hydrophilic Part | Polyoxyethylene chains (PEG-20) |
| Lipophilic Part | Palmitic acid group (C16:0) |
| Degree of Ethoxylation | ~20 mol ethylene oxide |
| HLB Value | ~15.6 |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1C(COC1(CO)CO)CO |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C22H42O8/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19(24)29-22-21(26)20(25)18-27-22/h20-22,25-26H,2-18H2,1H3 |
| InChI Key | NONE PROVIDED |
SECTION 3: POLYSORBATE TYPES COMPARISON
| Parameter | Polysorbate 20 | Polysorbate 40 | Polysorbate 60 | Polysorbate 80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Name | Tween 20 | Tween 40 | Tween 60 | Tween 80 |
| Fatty Acid | Lauric (C12:0) | Palmitic (C16:0) | Stearic (C18:0) | Oleic (C18:1) |
| CAS Number | 9005-64-5 | 9005-66-7 | 9005-67-8 | 9005-65-6 |
| E Number | E432 | E434 | E435 | E433 |
| HLB Value | ~16.7 | ~15.6 | ~14.9 | ~15.0 |
| Physical State | Liquid | Semi-solid | Semi-solid | Semi-solid |
| Melting Point | ~0°C | ~0-5°C | ~45-50°C | ~-15°C |
| Primary Use | Flavor emulsifier, solubilizer | Baking, ice cream | Margarine, creams | Ice cream, vaccines, cosmetics |
| INCI Name | Polysorbate 20 | Polysorbate 40 | Polysorbate 60 | Polysorbate 80 |
SECTION 4: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Milky white to yellowish viscous liquid or paste | Visual |
| Odor | Slight, characteristic | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | 338.26 g/mol | Calculated |
| Density (25°C) | ~1.083 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 |
| Relative Density (25°C) | 1.07 – 1.10 | - |
| Melting Point | ~0.1 °C | DSC |
| Boiling Point | ~797.9 °C (estimated) | - |
| Flash Point | >110 °C (>230 °F) | ASTM D93 |
| Viscosity (25°C) | 0.4 – 0.6 Pa·s | - |
| Viscosity (30°C) | >400 cSt | - |
| pH (50 g/L, H₂O, 25°C) | 4.0 – 7.5 | USP <791> |
| Water Solubility | Soluble (100 g/L) | General Method |
| Ethanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Methanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Isopropanol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Ethylene Glycol Solubility | Soluble | General Method |
| Vegetable Oil Solubility | Insoluble | General Method |
| Mineral Oil Solubility | Insoluble | General Method |
| Refractive Index (n²⁰/D) | ~1.470 | ASTM D1218 |
| HLB Value | ~15.6 | - |
| Acid Value | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Saponification Value | 41 – 52 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Hydroxyl Value | 89 – 105 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Peroxide Value | ≤10 meq/kg | Titrimetric |
| Moisture Content | ≤3.0% | Karl Fischer |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤0.25% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals | ≤10 ppm | USP <231> |
| Hygroscopicity | High (absorbs moisture) | - |
SECTION 5: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Emulsifier (O/W) | Excellent oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier; Stabilizes emulsions; HLB ~15.6 |
| Solubilizer | Solubilizes oils, fragrances and active ingredients |
| Stabilizer | Stabilizes emulsions and suspensions |
| Wetting Agent | Reduces surface tension; Improves wetting properties |
| Dispersant | Disperses solids and immiscible liquids |
| Antistatic | Provides antistatic properties in textile applications |
| Lubricant | Functions as lubricant |
| Detergent | Functions as detergent and cleaning agent |
| Compatibility | Compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants |
SECTION 6: COSMETIC AND PERSONAL CARE APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit | Typical Use Level |
|---|---|---|
| Creams and Lotions | Emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer | 1 – 5% |
| Shampoos | Emulsifier, thickener, conditioner | 0.5 – 3% |
| Hair Conditioners | Emulsifier, antistatic, lubricant | 0.5 – 3% |
| Sunscreens | Emulsifier, dispersant | 1 – 5% |
| Makeup Products | Emulsifier, dispersant | 1 – 5% |
| Facial Cleansers | Emulsifier, solubilizer | 1 – 5% |
| Body Washes | Emulsifier, solubilizer | 0.5 – 3% |
| Perfume Products | Solubilizer for essential oils | 1 – 5% |
| Baby Care Products | Emulsifier, mild surfactant | 1 – 3% |
SECTION 7: FOOD APPLICATIONS (E434)
| Application | Function / Benefit | Typical Use Level |
|---|---|---|
| Bakery Products | Emulsifier, dough conditioner | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Ice Cream | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Salad Dressings | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Cream Liqueurs | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Confectionery | Emulsifier, dispersant | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Cake Mixes | Emulsifier, wetting agent | 0.1 – 0.5% |
| Non-dairy Creamers | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 0.1 – 0.5% |
SECTION 8: PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit |
|---|---|
| Emulsion Formulations | Emulsifier, stabilizer |
| Topical Preparations | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Oral Suspensions | Wetting agent, dispersant |
| Suppositories | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Capsules | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
| Injectable Formulations | Solubilizer, emulsifier |
| Pharmaceutical Excipient | Solubilizer and emulsifier |
SECTION 9: INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function / Benefit |
|---|---|
| Textile Industry | Lubricant, antistatic agent, emulsifier |
| Metalworking Fluids | Emulsifier, lubricant |
| Agrochemicals | Emulsifier, dispersant |
| Paints and Coatings | Dispersant, wetting agent |
| Cutting Fluids | Emulsifier, lubricant |
| Polishes | Emulsifier, dispersant |
| Industrial Cleaners | Detergent, wetting agent |
| Paper Industry | Coating, defoamer |
| Gas Chromatography | Stationary phase (max. 140°C) |
SECTION 10: TWEEN 40 vs TWEEN 60 vs TWEEN 80 COMPARISON
| Property | Tween 40 | Tween 60 | Tween 80 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty Acid | Palmitic Acid (C16:0) | Stearic Acid (C18:0) | Oleic Acid (C18:1) |
| CAS Number | 9005-66-7 | 9005-67-8 | 9005-65-6 |
| HLB Value | ~15.6 | ~14.9 | ~15.0 |
| Appearance | Yellowish liquid | Yellowish liquid | Yellowish liquid |
| Water Solubility | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble |
| Acid Value | ≤2.0 | ≤2.0 | ≤2.0 |
| Saponification Value | 41 – 52 | 45 – 55 | 45 – 55 |
| Hydroxyl Value | 89 – 105 | 81 – 96 | 65 – 80 |
| Primary Use | Emulsifier, solubilizer | Emulsifier, solubilizer | Emulsifier, solubilizer |
SECTION 11: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Food Grade (E434) | Pharmaceutical Grade | Cosmetic Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Milky white-yellowish liquid | Milky white-yellowish liquid | Milky white-yellowish liquid | Visual |
| Assay | ≥98.0% | ≥99.0% | ≥98.0% | HPLC / Titrimetric |
| Acid Value | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | ≤1.0 mg KOH/g | ≤2.0 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Saponification Value | 41 – 52 mg KOH/g | 41 – 52 mg KOH/g | 41 – 52 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Hydroxyl Value | 89 – 105 mg KOH/g | 89 – 105 mg KOH/g | 89 – 105 mg KOH/g | Titrimetric |
| Peroxide Value | ≤10 meq/kg | ≤5 meq/kg | ≤10 meq/kg | Titrimetric |
| pH (50 g/L) | 4.0 – 7.5 | 4.0 – 7.5 | 4.0 – 7.5 | pH Meter |
| Moisture Content | ≤3.0% | ≤2.0% | ≤3.0% | Karl Fischer |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤0.25% | ≤0.25% | ≤0.25% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm | ≤5 ppm | ≤10 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤2 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤2 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤2 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤2 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Ethylene Oxide Residue | ≤1 ppm | ≤1 ppm | ≤1 ppm | GC |
| 1,4-Dioxane Residue | ≤5 ppm | ≤5 ppm | ≤5 ppm | GC |
| Ethylene Glycol | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | GC |
| Diethylene Glycol | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | ≤0.01% | GC |
SECTION 12: IDENTIFICATION TESTS
| Test | Method | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Alkaline Hydrolysis Test | 5 ml 1:20 solution + NaOH, boil, cool, acidify | Milky white turbidity |
| Bromine Water Test | 2 ml 1:20 solution + bromine water | Bromine water does not decolorize |
| Gel Formation | 6 ml + 4 ml water | Gel formation |
| Cobalt Thiocyanate Test | 10 ml solution + cobalt ammonium thiocyanate + chloroform | Chloroform layer turns blue |
SECTION 13: SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Assessment |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Not classified as hazardous substance |
| Signal Word | None |
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50) | >38,400 mg/kg (rabbit) – practically non-toxic |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Low toxicity |
| Skin Irritation | Not irritant - Mildly irritant |
| Eye Irritation | Mildly irritant |
| Skin Sensitization | Low potential |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | Not classified |
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable |
| Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) | 0 – 25 mg/kg body weight (JECFA/EFSA) |
Safety Recommendations:
-
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes
-
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water
-
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing
-
Store below +30°C
SECTION 14: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (in accordance with 1272/2008/EC):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Not classified as hazardous substance | – | – |
Signal Word: None (Not classified as hazardous)
Hazard Pictograms: None
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 0 | - |
| (Minimal health hazard) | (Combustible) | (Stable) | (None) |
SECTION 15: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P332+P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P362+P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
SECTION 16: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Route of Exposure | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | If inhaled as powder or mist, move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms persist. |
| Skin Contact | Remove contaminated clothing. Wash with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation develops. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Drink 1-2 glasses of water. Seek medical attention. |
SECTION 17: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Combustible organic material |
| Flash Point | >110 °C |
| Fire-Related Hazards | CO, CO₂ |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water mist, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam |
| Special Protective Equipment | SCBA, full protective clothing |
SECTION 18: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | Store below +30°C |
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Container Requirements | Closed containers; protect from light |
| Incompatible Materials | Heat, moisture, contamination |
| Hygroscopicity | Easily absorbs moisture |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 36 months (under proper storage) |
| Signs of Degradation | Color change, viscosity change, rancid odor |
SECTION 19: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity / Capacity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| HDPE Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg, 200 kg | HDPE |
| Fiber Drum (PE Lined) | 25 kg, 50 kg | Fiber / PE |
| Metal Drum (Lined) | 200 kg | Lined steel |
| IBC Container | 500 kg, 1000 kg | HDPE |
| Aluminum Foil Bag | 1 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg | Aluminum / PE |
SECTION 20: TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not applicable (not classified as dangerous substance) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not classified as dangerous goods |
| IMDG Code | Not marine pollutant |
| IATA (Air) | Not classified as dangerous goods; can be transported by air |
SECTION 21: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Food additive E434; Approved as cosmetic ingredient |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS; Approved as food additive |
| Turkey | Approved as food additive and cosmetic ingredient |
| USP/EP | Official monograph |
| INCI | Listed (Polysorbate 40) |
| REACH | Registered substance |
| CIR | Safe for cosmetic use |
| Halal | Yes (with certification) |
| Kosher | Yes (with certification) |
| Vegan | Yes (plant-derived) |
SECTION 22: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Polisorbat 40, Tween 40, Emülgatör T-40, Polioksietilen Sorbitan Monopalmitat |
| English Names | Polysorbate 40, Tween 40, Tween R40, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate |
| Trade Marks | Tween 40, Tween R40, Emulsifier T-40 |
| E Number | E434 |
| CAS Number | 9005-66-7 |
| EC Number | 500-018-3 |
| INCI Name | Polysorbate 40 |
| HS Code | 3402.13 |
SECTION 23: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
-
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture; store in tightly closed, dry containers.
-
HLB Value: HLB ~15.6 makes it an excellent oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier.
-
Compatibility: Compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants.
-
Food Use: E434 is a food additive (ice cream, baking, sauces).
-
Temperature: Decomposition begins above 110°C.
-
Pharmacopoeia Compliance: USP/EP official monograph available.
-
Impurities: Ethylene oxide and dioxane residues are strictly controlled (≤1 ppm and ≤5 ppm).
-
Low Temperature: May solidify around 0°C; can be re-liquefied by warming to 20-30°C.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
-
Heating: If solidified, warm Tween 40 at 20-30°C in a water bath or heated mixer.
-
Addition: Can be added to oil phase or water phase in formulations; mix at 40-50°C.
-
Emulsion: Add to oil phase for O/W emulsions.
-
Solubilization: Use as solubilizer for essential oils and fragrances.
-
Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place; protect from moisture.
-
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, safety goggles.
-
Quality Control: Regularly perform acid value, saponification value, pH, moisture content, peroxide value tests.
-
Food Use: Dosage 0.1-0.5%; use in combination with other emulsifiers for optimal performance.
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or guarantee. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.
