Chlorinated Paraffin, Solid Chlorinated Alkane, CP, PCA, 85535-85-9, 68920-70-7, 63449-39-8, 106232-86-4, 61788-76-9, 108171-26-2, 85535-84-8, 85535-86-0, 85535-87-1, 85535-88-2, 85535-89-3, 85535-90-6, 85535-91-7, 85535-92-8

Chlorinated Paraffin, Solid Chlorinated Alkane, CP, PCA, 85535-85-9, 68920-70-7, 63449-39-8, 106232-86-4, 61788-76-9, 108171-26-2, 85535-84-8, 85535-86-0, 85535-87-1, 85535-88-2, 85535-89-3, 85535-90-6, 85535-91-7, 85535-92-8

CHLORINATED PARAFFINS (CP)

Chlorinated Paraffin / Klor Parafin / Solid Chlorinated Alkane / Polychlorinated Alkanes (PCA)
CAS Numbers: 85535-85-9, 68920-70-7, 63449-39-8, 106232-86-4, 61788-76-9, 108171-26-2, 85535-84-8, 85535-86-0, 85535-87-1, 85535-88-2, 85535-89-3, 85535-90-6, 85535-91-7, 85535-92-8
EC Number: 287-477-0

1. IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

2. TYPES AND CLASSIFICATION

Note: SCCPs (short-chain chlorinated paraffins) are banned under the Stockholm Convention. MCCPs and LCCPs are restricted in some regions.

3. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

4. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Thermal Decomposition Reaction:

CₓHᵧCl₂ —[Heat (>150-200°C)]—> HCl (Hydrogen chloride) + Toxic fumes + Charred residue

Production Reaction (Paraffin Chlorination):

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ + x Cl₂ —[UV or Heat]—> CₙH₂ₙ₊₂₋ₓClₓ + x HCl

5. PRODUCTION PROCESS

Reaction Equation:

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ (Paraffin) + x Cl₂ —[UV/Heat]—> CₙH₂ₙ₊₂₋ₓClₓ (Chlorinated Paraffin) + x HCl

6. AVAILABLE FORMS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Typical Specifications (CP-52 - Medium-Chain Liquid):

Typical Specifications (CP-70 - Long-Chain Solid):

7. APPLICATIONS

7.1. PVC and Plastics Industry – Largest Use

7.2. Metalworking Fluids and Lubricants

Mechanism: Chlorinated paraffins react with metal surfaces at high temperatures by releasing hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas, forming a metal chloride layer that prevents wear and seizure.

7.3. Flame Retardants

7.4. Paints and Coatings

Benefits: Addition of chlorinated paraffins to paints and varnishes increases hardness, gloss, resistance to acids and alkalis, and improves elasticity of the final product.

7.5. Adhesives and Sealants

7.6. Textile Industry

7.7. Rubber Industry

7.8. Leather Industry

7.9. Other Applications

8. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RELATION TO APPLICATIONS

9. SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION (GHS CLASSIFICATION)

Note: SCCPs (short-chain chlorinated paraffins) are banned under the Stockholm Convention. MCCPs are restricted in the EU.

10. HAZARD STATEMENTS (H-CODES)

11. SAFETY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

12. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Health Effects:

Environmental Impact:

13. FIRST AID MEASURES

14. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

15. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

16. STORAGE AND HANDLING

Handling Notes:

• Use in well-ventilated areas

• Avoid overheating (releases HCl gas)

• Avoid eye and skin contact

• Use appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, protective clothing)

• Avoid release to the environment (aquatic toxicity)

• Do not use SCCP (illegal)

• Dispose of waste at licensed facilities

17. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Note: Transport classification may vary depending on concentration and chain length.

18. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Stockholm Convention: SCCPs (short-chain chlorinated paraffins) were added to Annex A (POPs to be eliminated) in 2017. Turkey is a party to the convention.

EU POP Regulation (EU) 2019/1021: SCCPs are banned (exemption for concentration ≤0.15% in some jurisdictions).

EU REACH: MCCPs (C14-17) are candidates for inclusion in Annex XIV (substances requiring authorization).

EU Ecodesign Directive: Products containing SCCPs cannot be placed on the market.

19. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

Trade Names:

CAS Numbers Classification:

20. SUMMARY AND IMPORTANT WARNINGS

SUMMARY:

Chlorinated paraffins (CP) are industrial chemicals produced by chlorinating paraffin chains with chlorine gas. They are classified into three main types: short-chain (SCCP, C10-13), medium-chain (MCCP, C14-17), and long-chain (LCCP, C18-30+). Chlorine content ranges from 30-70% by weight. SCCPs are viscous, colorless to yellowish liquids; LCCPs are solid, wax-like substances. SCCPs are banned under the Stockholm Convention (environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity). MCCPs and LCCPs are restricted in some regions. Major applications include: secondary plasticizer and flame retardant in PVC (cable sheathing, floor coverings, automotive parts), extreme pressure (EP) additive in metalworking oils (cutting fluids, drilling fluids), flame retardants (rubber, textiles, paints), paints and coatings (marine paints, industrial floor coatings), adhesives and sealants (waterproofing), textiles (flame retardant coatings, waterproofing), rubber manufacturing, leather lubricants, and others.

Key Properties:

Main Application Areas:

Key Safety Points:

• DO NOT USE SCCP - BANNED (Stockholm Convention)

• CARCINOGEN: SCCP IARC Group 2B; MCCP classified as carcinogen

• ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY: Very toxic to aquatic life (H400, H410)

• PERSISTENCE: SCCPs are highly persistent in the environment

• BIOACCUMULATION: SCCPs bioaccumulate in food chains

• LIVER/KIDNEY DAMAGE: Prolonged exposure causes organ damage (H372)

• IRRITANT: Causes skin and eye irritation (H315, H319)

• THERMAL DECOMPOSITION: Releases toxic HCl gas when heated

• USE PPE: Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles, protective clothing

• VENTILATION: Use in well-ventilated area

• STORAGE: Cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat and UV light

IMPORTANT WARNINGS:

SCCP BAN - STOCKHOLM CONVENTION: Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP, C10-13) were added to Annex A of the Stockholm Convention (POPs to be eliminated) in 2017. Turkey is a party to the convention. Production, use, and trade of SCCPs are banned. Products containing SCCPs cannot be placed on the market. Exception: SCCP concentration in a compound is less than 0.15% by weight (in some jurisdictions). Follow the strictest limits.

MCCP RESTRICTIONS: Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCP, C14-17) are candidates for inclusion in REACH Annex XIV (substances requiring authorization) in the EU. Their use may be restricted in some applications. If you export or sell MCCP-containing products to the EU, check current regulations.

PVC Applications: Chlorinated paraffins are used as secondary plasticizers in PVC, working together with primary plasticizers (phthalates). They improve flexibility and processability. They also provide flame retardant properties, making them suitable for PVC cables, floor coverings, wall coverings, and automotive parts. Since SCCPs are now banned, only MCCPs and LCCPs can be used in these applications.

Metalworking Applications (EP Additives): Chlorinated paraffins are widely used as extreme pressure (EP) additives in metalworking fluids (cutting oils, drilling fluids). The mechanism involves release of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas at high temperatures (due to friction), followed by reaction with metal surfaces to form a metal chloride layer. This layer prevents wear, seizure, and tool wear. SCCPs were particularly effective due to their high chlorine content but are banned; MCCPs are now preferred.

Thermal Decomposition - HCl Gas Hazard: Chlorinated paraffins decompose above 150-200°C, releasing hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas, carbon monoxide (CO), and other toxic fumes. HCl gas is corrosive and harmful to the respiratory tract. Fumes are also toxic and irritating. Avoid overheating chlorinated paraffins. Use SCBA in case of spill (especially during fires). Processing should keep chlorinated paraffin temperature below 150°C.

Bioaccumulation and Environmental Persistence: SCCPs have high bioaccumulation potential (Log P >5) and accumulate in food chains. They are very persistent in the environment (half-lives from months to years). MCCPs have lower bioaccumulation potential (Log P 4-6) but are still of environmental concern. LCCPs have the lowest bioaccumulation and persistence. Avoid release to the environment (especially water bodies). Do not discharge chlorinated paraffins to sewers or waterways.

Toxicity: SCCPs have shown toxicity in animal studies including liver damage, kidney damage, thyroid effects, and carcinogenicity. They are classified as IARC Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans). MCCPs have shown liver and kidney toxicity and thyroid effects at higher doses. LCCPs have lower toxicity. Since SCCPs are banned, exposure will primarily be to MCCPs and LCCPs. However, appropriate industrial hygiene practices should still minimize exposure.

Aquatic Toxicity: All chlorinated paraffins are toxic to aquatic organisms (H400, H410). SCCPs have the highest aquatic toxicity, followed by MCCP and then LCCP. Release of chlorinated paraffins to water bodies is harmful to fish, algae, crustaceans, and other aquatic life. SCCPs also bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Strongly avoid release to the environment. Use inert absorbent materials to clean up spills and dispose at licensed hazardous waste facilities.

Regulatory Compliance - Turkey: Turkey is a party to the Stockholm Convention. SCCPs (short-chain chlorinated paraffins) are banned. Do not produce, import, sell, or use SCCPs in Turkey. MCCPs and LCCPs are not banned, but restrictions may come during the EU harmonization process. Monitor future regulatory changes. When exporting products containing chlorinated paraffins, comply with the destination country's regulations (especially EU, USA, Japan, China).

Alternatives: In many applications, chlorinated paraffins can be replaced with more environmentally friendly alternatives:

Storage: Store chlorinated paraffins in a cool (15-30°C), dry, well-ventilated area, protected from direct sunlight and heat sources, to prevent decomposition. Keep containers tightly closed. Properly label containers containing SCCPs and dispose as hazardous waste. Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and heat sources.

Spill Response: In case of spill, eliminate all ignition sources. Evacuate the area and provide adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate PPE (SCBA, chemically resistant suit, nitrile gloves). Contain the spill with inert absorbent material (sand, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth). Collect absorbent and place in a properly labeled hazardous waste container. Wipe remaining spill with appropriate solvent. Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, or soil. Contact licensed hazardous waste hauler for disposal.

Important Disclaimer: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. For complete safety, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP, C10-13) are banned under the Stockholm Convention. Do not produce, import, use, or sell SCCPs. When using MCCPs and LCCPs, comply with applicable regional regulations. Chlorinated paraffins are toxic to aquatic life and can accumulate in the environment. Avoid release to the environment. When heated, toxic hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas may be released. Use appropriate personal protective equipment. Use in well-ventilated areas. In case of spill or fire, follow emergency procedures. Dispose of waste at licensed facilities. This document summarizes information from various sources and is not a substitute for technical expertise or site-specific safety assessments.