Cationic Polyelectrolyte, Cationic Polyacrylamide, Cationic Flocculant, Cationic PAM, CPAM, 9003-05-8

Cationic Polyelectrolyte, Cationic Polyacrylamide, Cationic Flocculant, Cationic PAM, CPAM, 9003-05-8

CATIONIC POLYELECTROLYTE (CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE - CPAM)
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM)

—(CH₂—CH)—(CH₂—CH)—
| |
C=O C=O
| |
NH₂ NH—R—N⁺(CH₃)₃
(Amide) (Cationic group)

Molecular Formula: (C₃H₅NO)ₙ (modified with cationic monomers)
SMILES: Not applicable (polymer)
InChI: Not applicable (polymer)
Structure: Polyacrylamide chain with cationic groups (quaternary ammonium salts, amines, etc.); High molecular weight linear polymer; Cationic charge density adjustable during production.

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: POLYELECTROLYTE TYPES AND COMPARISON

SECTION 4: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 5: MECHANISM OF ACTION

Cationic polyelectrolyte releases its positive charges in aqueous medium and interacts electrostatically with negatively charged particles. The process occurs in four stages:

Advantages of Cationic Polyelectrolyte Mechanism:

• Direct interaction with negatively charged organic particles

• Combination of charge neutralization and bridging

• Rapid floc formation

• High efficiency at low dosages

SECTION 6: APPLICATION AREAS AND DOSAGES

6.1 Municipal (Domestic) Wastewater Treatment

Usage Method:

• Powder product is dissolved in water at 0.05-0.1% to prepare a dilute solution

• Solution is injected into static mixer or directly into sludge line

• Mechanical dewatering follows with belt press, centrifuge, or filter press

6.2 Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Usage Method:

• Dosed at wastewater inlet or sludge line depending on sector

• Generally used together with coagulants (aluminum or iron salts)

6.3 Drinking Water Treatment

Warning: Cationic polyelectrolyte used in drinking water must be food grade (NSF/ANSI 60) certified. Not all cationic polymers can be used for this purpose.

Usage Method:

• Added after coagulant (e.g., aluminum sulfate) in coagulation-flocculation process

• Flocs are enlarged with slow mixing

6.4 Paper Industry

Usage Method:

• Added to pulp as a solution

• Dosed together with wet-end chemicals

6.5 Textile Industry

Usage Method:

• Added to rinse bath after dyeing (as fixative)

• Used in separate flocculation tank for wastewater treatment

6.6 Mining Industry

Usage Method:

• High molecular weight cationic polymers used (selected based on ore type)

• Applied in mixing tanks or pipeline injection

6.7 Oil and Gas Industry (Produced Water)

Usage Method:

• Injected into water line before oil-water separators (API separator, flotation unit)

• Generally used together with anionic or non-ionic polymers

6.8 Cosmetics and Personal Care

Usage Method:

• Added to formulation as 0.1-2% solution

• Added at final stage (may degrade at high temperature)

6.9 Construction and Soil Applications

SECTION 7: USAGE INSTRUCTIONS (GENERAL)

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):

SIGNAL WORD: NONE (not classified as hazardous)

Hazard Pictograms: NONE

Hazard Statements (H-Codes): Not classified as hazardous under GHS regulations.

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Not classified as hazardous under GHS. Non-toxic, non-carcinogenic.

• Hygroscopic – absorbs moisture from air. Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers.

• Dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Use appropriate dust control measures.

• Combustible (organic material). Keep away from open flames and high heat. Dust cloud may form explosive mixture.

• Shear-sensitive – high molecular weight chains break under high shear. Avoid high-speed mixing. Use gentle agitation (200-400 rpm).

• Temperature sensitive – performance decreases above 40°C. Degradation accelerates >60°C.

• Dissolution method critical – ALWAYS ADD POWDER TO WATER, NEVER ADD WATER TO POWDER. Add slowly with agitation to prevent lump formation.

• Do not mix with anionic polymers – causes precipitation.

• Cationic polyelectrolyte may be slightly more irritating than anionic polyelectrolyte. Gloves and goggles recommended.

• Drinking water applications – use only NSF/ANSI 60 certified products. Not all cationic polymers are suitable for drinking water.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

Solution Preparation (CRITICAL):

• ALWAYS ADD POWDER TO WATER, NEVER ADD WATER TO POWDER.

• Use cold or warm water (10-30°C, max 40°C).

• Sprinkle powder slowly onto vigorously agitated water surface (vortex).

• Maintain low to medium agitation (200-400 rpm) – avoid high shear.

• Allow 30-60 minutes for complete dissolution.

• Recommended solution concentration: 0.05-0.1% (500-1000 ppm).

• Use fresh solutions within 24-48 hours (with gentle agitation).

Dosage Optimization:

• Perform jar tests to determine optimal dosage.

• Optimal dosage: largest flocs + clearest supernatant.

• Underdosing: small flocs, slow settling.

• Overdosing: floc dispersion, turbid water (overdosing).

• Factors affecting dosage: solids concentration, particle size, pH, temperature, ionic strength.

Injection Point:

• Inject into turbulent zone (static mixer or pump inlet).

• Inject into slow mixing zone (not high shear area).

• Avoid injection before high-shear pumps (centrifugal pumps).

Wastewater Treatment (Biological Sludge):

• Cationic polyelectrolyte is ideal for negatively charged biological sludge.

• Dosage: 2-8 kg/ton dry solids (depending on sludge characteristics).

• Dewater with belt press, centrifuge, or filter press.

• Reduces sludge volume and disposal costs.

Paper Industry:

• Use for fiber bonding and strength improvement.

• Improves filler retention.

• De-inking for waste paper recovery.

Textile Industry:

• Dye fixation: 0.1-0.5% of fabric weight.

• Add to rinse bath after dyeing.

• Improves color fastness and fabric quality.

Handling:

• Use in well-ventilated areas.

• Avoid dust formation.

• Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder.

• Use gloves and safety goggles.

Personal Protective Equipment:

• Dust mask (N95/FFP2 or higher).

• Safety goggles.

• Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene).

• Protective clothing.

Hygiene:

• Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

• Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using.

Storage:

• Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers.

• Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area (max 30°C).

• Protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and high humidity.

• Opened packages should be resealed immediately.

Spill Management:

• Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container.

• Avoid dust formation.

• Do NOT wash with water (creates slippery surface).

• Do not allow entry into drains or waterways.

Disposal:

• Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations.

• Non-hazardous waste.

• Can be incinerated in compliance with regulations.

CATIONIC VS ANIONIC POLYELECTROLYTE COMPARISON:

MANDATORY APPLICATION AREAS:

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Specific applications require laboratory jar tests and field trials. For drinking water applications, only NSF/ANSI 60 certified products should be used.