Iron(III) chloride, floresmartis, Ferric chloride, Iron(III) chloride,Ferricchloride,anhydrous, 7705-08-0

Iron(III) chloride, floresmartis, Ferric chloride, Iron(III) chloride,Ferricchloride,anhydrous, 7705-08-0

CAS: 7705-08-0

Molecular Formula: Cl3Fe

Names and Identifiers

Physico-chemical Properties

Risk and Safety

Upstream Downstream Industry

Nature

The black-brown crystal belongs to the hexagonal crystal system. dz5 2. 90; Melting point 300 °c; Boiling point 316 °c. Its vapor is the dimer of ferric chloride at 400 °c. It is the molecule of ferric chloride at 750 °c. In the transmission of light in the pomegranate red, reflected light under the metal-like green. Strong hygroscopicity, easy deliquescence in the air, can generate 6 hydrate. Soluble in water, the aqueous solution is acidic, corrosive. Soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, ether, isopropyl ether, liquid sulfur dioxide, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus oxychloride, ethylamine, aniline. Soluble in carbon disulfide. Insoluble in glycerol, phosphorus trichloride and tin chloride. As a strong oxidant, with copper, zinc and other metals can occur redox reaction. Complex formation with many solvents. It is decomposed into FeClz and C1z at high temperature. The solution is a strong acid and reacts vigorously with a base. With potassium, sodium and other active metals form explosive substances that are sensitive to vibration and friction. Contact with allyl chloride, allyl alcohol, ethylene oxide reaction. Corrosion of metals in wet conditions.

Preparation Method

The product can be obtained by direct reaction of iron and chlorine to generate ferric chloride vapor by condensation. There is a small amount of unreacted chlorine and ferric chloride in the reaction tail gas, and the chlorine is absorbed by the ferrous chloride solution, and the liquid ferric chloride is obtained.

Use

used as oxidant and mordant in dye industry, catalyst and oxidant in organic synthesis industry. Also photographic and printing plate etchant and the manufacture of other iron salts, pigments, ink and pharmaceutical raw materials. It can also be used as a polycondensation agent, a polymerization inhibitor and a chlorination of silver and copper ores for free radical polymerization. The incorporation of its solution in building concrete can increase the strength of the building, corrosion resistance and prevent water seepage. In addition to the treatment of drinking water and wastewater.

Safety

rat oral LDso:1872mg/kg. Ferric chloride is corrosive. Its dust can stimulate the mucosa and cause inflammation. Staff should be protected. If the skin is touched, it should be immediately rinsed with flowing water. The substance should be stored separately from metal powder, flammable, combustible, reducing agent, etc. It is not allowed to be stored and mixed with toxic substances. During transportation, it should be protected from rain and sun exposure. In case of fire, it is not possible to use water, and it can be suppressed by sand and foam fire.

Chemical properties

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Discoloration reaction

Ferric chloride is known as the "chameleon" in the chemical world. As a salt, it can react with alkali and salt. For example, ferric chloride and silver nitrate generate silver chloride white precipitate, ferric chloride and sodium hydroxide generate iron hydroxide red-brown precipitate.
Ferric ions have extremely high oxidizing properties and can undergo redox reactions with some reducing agents. For example, iron can be oxidized to divalent iron to appear green; sulfur ions can be oxidized to sulfur to appear light yellow; iodine ions can be oxidized to iodine to appear blue.
Compounds with a structure (-C = C- OH) with a hydroxyl group connected to sp2 hybrid carbon atoms can show a special color with an aqueous solution of FeCl3. For example, phenol is purple; catechol and hydroquinone are green; potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) is dropped into potassium trichloride, which will turn yellow Fe3 into blood red [Fe(SCN)3].
Common discoloration reactions of ferric chloride:

• FeCl3 KSCN = = [Fe(SCN)]Cl2 KCl (the complex ion is red)
• FeCl3 3AgNO3 = = 3AgCl ↓ Fe(NO3)3 (milky white precipitate)
• FeCl3 6C6H5OH & rarr; H3[Fe(C6H5O)6] 3HCl (complex ions are purple)
• 2FeCl3 Cu = = 2FeCl2 CuCl2 (blue-green)
• 2FeCl3 2KI = = FeCl2 2KCl I2 (blue)
• FeCl3 3KOH = = Fe(OH)3 ↓ 3KCl (reddish brown precipitate)
• 2FeCl3 Na2S = = 2FeCl2 2NaCl S ↓ (milky yellow precipitate)
• 4FeCl3 3K4[Fe(CN)6] = = Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 ↓ 12KCl (blue)

Ferric chloride solution

ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution is a very special solution. The reason why it is special is that Fe3 is very hydrolyzed in water. A large number of H were generated. The reaction equation is as follows:
Fe3 3H2O = = (reversible) = = Fe(OH)3 3H
Therefore, in order to prevent its hydrolysis, when preparing a certain concentration of ferric chloride solution, the ferric chloride solid is first dissolved in concentrated HCl, transferred to a volumetric flask, then diluted with water, and finally prepared into ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution. At this time, the solution shows our theoretical yellow color when the concentration of ferric chloride (FeCl3) is not large (generally less than 1mol/L).

Synthesis method

• hydrochloric acid method adds hydrochloric acid and iron filings to the reactor for reaction to generate ferric chloride solution. after clarification, the chlorine gas is passed through the human clear liquid for chlorination reaction to generate ferric chloride solution, which is then clarified to obtain the finished product of ferric chloride solution.

its Fe 2HCl & rarr;FeCl2 H2 2FeC12 C12 & rarr;2FeC13

• One-step chlorination method directly passes chlorine gas into water soaked with iron filings for chlorination reaction to generate ferric chloride solution. After clarification, liquid ferric chloride finished product is prepared.

its 2Fe 3C12 & rarr;2FeC13

Use

1. It is mainly used as a water treatment agent, as well as a mordant, catalyst, chlorinating agent, and used to make other iron salts. It is mainly used for water purification, and also used for printing boards, pigments, dyes and drugs.
2. is mainly used as water purifier for drinking water and precipitation agent for wastewater treatment and purification. The printing and dyeing industry is used as an oxidant and a printing and dyeing mordant for indigo dyeing. Catalyst for organic synthesis of dichloroethane, etc. Chlorination leachers for silver and copper mines. An etchant for photographic and printing plate making. Raw materials for the manufacture of iron salts such as iron phosphate, medicine, pigments and inks. The infiltration of the solution into the building concrete can increase the strength of the building, corrosion resistance and prevent water seepage. Used in the production of electronic industrial circuit boards and fluorescent digital cylinders. The coagulant when the waste liquid from the production of soap recovers glycerin.
3. Nutritional supplements (iron enhancers). Used for infant milk powder, milk-free food, etc. It can combine with β-globulin in milk to form protein iron, which is easy to absorb in the body. Due to its strong acidity, it is not suitable to be added directly. It is usually added after making whey iron by acting with whey, and is adjusted to 1g whey iron containing about 4mg of iron. The whey iron content in the above food is 1.0% ~ 1.5%. Iron generally promotes the oxidation of fat in food. Whey iron bound to protein does not promote oxidation.
4. used as a water purifier for drinking water and a purifying precipitant for wastewater treatment. Used as etchant for printed circuits.
5. Used as analytical reagent and thin layer color developer
6. organic synthesis catalyst. Analysis of copper, selenium and arsenic, determination of phenol, cholesterol and choline as indicators.

Production Method 1

hydrochloric acid method adds hydrochloric acid and iron filings to the reactor for reaction to generate ferric chloride solution. after clarification, the chlorine gas is passed through the human clear liquid for chlorination reaction to generate ferric chloride solution, which is then clarified to obtain the finished product of ferric chloride solution. Its
Fe 2HCl→FeCl2 H2
2FeC12 C12→2FeC13
The one-step chlorination method directly passes the chlorine gas into the water soaked in iron filings for chlorination reaction to generate a ferric chloride solution, and after clarification, a liquid ferric chloride finished product is prepared. Its
2Fe 3C12→2FeC13

Production method 2

In the ferrous chloride solution made from iron filings and hydrochloric acid, chlorine gas is introduced and converted into ferric chloride solution. Add iron to reduce to ferrous chloride solution, and re-introduce chlorine to make ferric chloride solution. This operation is repeated until the concentration of ferric chloride is increased to about 60%, and crystals (water content) are precipitated by exhalation.

Production Method 3

iron filings chlorination method puts waste iron filings into a steel vertical reactor for chlorination. The upper part of the reactor is a preheating section, lined with refractory materials; the lower part is a reaction section with a water-cooled jacket. Waste iron filings (wires) are added from the top and reacted with chlorine gas flowing upstream in the lower reaction section. The generated ferric chloride vapor and tail gas are discharged from the top and condensed into solid crystals in the condensation trap, which are scraped off the wall of the condensation trap by a stirrer to produce anhydrous ferric chloride finished products. Its
2Fe 3C12→2FeC13
The tail gas contains a small amount of unreacted free chlorine and ferric trichloride, and uses ferrous chloride solution to absorb chlorine to obtain ferric chloride solution. In the production operation, because the ferric chloride vapor is in contact with the moisture in the air, it heats up strongly and releases hydrochloric acid gas, so the pipelines and equipment must be well sealed, and the entire system operates under negative pressure

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Nature

Introduction

Ferric chloride is a black-brown hexagonal crystal, which is pomegranate red under transmitted light and metallic green under reflected light. Soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and ether. Soluble in liquid sulfur dioxide, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus oxychloride, ethylamine, aniline, slightly soluble in carbon disulfide, insoluble in glycerol. Mainly used as a water treatment agent, also used as a mordant, catalyst, chlorinating agent, and used to make other iron salts.

Reference Information