Myristamine Oxide, Myristyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, Tetradecyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, N,N-Dimethyltetradecylamine N-oxide, 3332-27-2

MYRISTAMINE OXIDE (TETRADECYL DIMETHYL AMINE OXIDE)

1. Chemical Identity and Material Classification

• Chemical Name: Myristamine Oxide, Tetradecyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, N,N-Dimethyltetradecylamine N-oxide

• Synonyms: Myristyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, C14 Amine Oxide, Tetradecyl Amine Oxide, N,N-Dimethyl-1-tetradecanamine N-oxide

• CAS Number: 3332-27-2

• EC Number (EINECS): 222-059-3

• Molecular Formula: C₁₆H₃₅NO

• Molecular Weight: 257.46 g/mol

• Chemical Class: Amine oxide (zwitterionic / non-ionic surfactant)

• REACH Status: Registered (≥1,000 to <10,000 tonnes/year in EEA)

2. Physical Properties

2.1 General Physical Properties (30% Aqueous Solution)

2.2 Surface Activity Parameters

2.3 pH-Dependent Properties

2.4 Thermal Properties

3. Chemical Properties

3.1 Molecular Structure

Structure: CH₃(CH₂)₁₃–N⁺(CH₃)₂–O⁻
Chain length: C14 (tetradecyl – 14 carbon atoms)
Type: Tertiary amine oxide

Key features:

• Longer hydrophobic chain than lauramine oxide (C12) – provides different performance profile

• pH-responsive charge behavior

• Excellent foam boosting and stabilization

• Antimicrobial properties

3.2 Comparison with Lauramine Oxide (C12)

3.3 Antimicrobial Properties

Myristamine oxide is antimicrobial, showing slightly better efficacy than lauramine oxide against common bacteria:

• Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive)

• Escherichia coli (Gram-negative)

3.4 Chemical Stability

3.5 Incompatibilities

• Strong oxidizing agents

• Strong reducing agents (may reduce amine oxide to tertiary amine)

• Strong acids (protonation; extreme conditions may cause decomposition)

4. Production Method

4.1 Synthesis Route (Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation)

Reaction: C₁₄H₂₉N(CH₃)₂ + H₂O₂ → C₁₄H₂₉N(CH₃)₂→O + H₂O

Process:

1. Tetradecyl dimethyl tertiary amine is reacted with hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution

2. Reaction temperature: 50–80°C

3. pH control: 7–9 (using chelating agents to prevent metal-catalyzed decomposition)

4. Reaction time: 4–8 hours

5. Excess peroxide is neutralized with reducing agent

6. Product is filtered and adjusted to final concentration (typically 30% active)

Typical yield: >95%

5. Quality Specifications

5.1 Typical Specifications (30% Aqueous Solution)

6. Mechanism of Action

6.1 Surface Activity

6.2 Thickening Effect

Myristamine oxide provides significant viscosity building, especially in:

• Anionic surfactant systems (e.g., SLES-based shampoos, body washes)

• Hypochlorite solutions

• Acidic cleaning formulations

Viscosity behavior: pH has a strong effect on viscosity – highest at neutral to slightly alkaline pH.

6.3 Foam Boosting

7. Industrial Applications

7.1 Personal Care and Cosmetics (Primary Application)

Benefits in personal care:

• Excellent foam boosting and stabilization

• Provides conditioning and antistatic properties

• Viscosity builder in anionic systems

• Mild to skin (reduces irritation of anionic surfactants)

• Works synergistically with other surfactants

7.2 Hypochlorite (Bleach) Formulations

7.3 Detergents and Cleaning Products

7.4 Industrial and Institutional Cleaning

7.5 Water Treatment

7.6 Paints and Coatings

7.7 Agricultural Formulations

7.8 Antifreeze and De-icing Products

8. Compatibility and Formulation

8.1 Surfactant Compatibility

8.2 Viscosity Building

Myristamine oxide is particularly effective at building viscosity in:

• SLES-based formulations

• High electrolyte systems

• Acidic cleaning products

8.3 pH Effect on Viscosity

9. Toxicology and Safety

9.1 Acute Toxicity

9.2 Antimicrobial Properties

Myristamine oxide exhibits antimicrobial activity:

• Effective against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive)

• Effective against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative)

• Slightly more effective than lauramine oxide

9.3 GHS Classification (Concentrated Product)

10. Environmental Fate

11. Safety Precautions and PPE

• Hazards:

  • Causes eye and skin irritation

  • Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects

  • Avoid environmental release

• PPE (recommended):

  • Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile)

  • Safety glasses (EN 166) or chemical goggles

  • Protective clothing

• First aid:

  • Eye contact: Rinse with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention

  • Skin contact: Wash with soap and water

  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air

  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do NOT induce vomiting; seek medical attention

12. Storage and Handling

12.1 Storage Conditions

12.2 Freeze-Thaw Behavior

13. Transport Information

14. Synonyms and Common Names

• English: Myristamine Oxide, Tetradecyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, N,N-Dimethyltetradecylamine N-oxide, Myristyl Dimethyl Amine Oxide, C14 Amine Oxide, Tetradecyl Amine Oxide

• Trade names: Chemoxide MO-PF, Aromox M-14, Barlox 14, Ammonyx MO

• French: Oxyde de myristamine

• German: Myristaminoxid

• Spanish: Óxido de miristamina

• Turkish: Miristil Amin Oksit, Miristamin Oksit, Tetradesil Dimetil Amin Oksit

15. Regulatory Status

16. Why Choose Myristamine Oxide?

Limitations:

• High viscosity – 2,336 cP at 25°C (requires pumping consideration)

• Freezes near 0°C – Freezing point 1°C; protect from freezing; store above 5°C

• Eye and skin irritant – requires handling precautions

• Aquatic toxicity – Toxic to aquatic life; avoid environmental release

17. Applications Summary Table

18. Formulation Examples

18.1 High-Viscosity Shampoo

18.2 Thickened Bleach (Hypochlorite) Formulation

19. Comparison with Other Amine Oxides

20. Summary Table – Key Specifications at a Glance

This TDS is prepared in compliance with ISO 11014-1 format and is intended for personal care formulators, detergent chemists, cleaning product manufacturers, industrial cleaners, and procurement professionals. Certificates of Analysis (CoA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and sample validation reports are available upon request.