Sodium Silicate, Sodium Siliconate, Sodium Polysilicate, Sodium Silicate Glass, 2 Module, 3 Module, 1344-09-8, 106985-35-7, 11105-00-3, 37299-97-1, 12013-79-5

Water Conditioning, Pool

Agriculture, Food, Pharmaceutical

Plastic, Rubber, Polymer

Detergent, Cosmetic

Construction, Mining, Metal

Textile, Leather, Paper

Sectoral Paint, Dye Colorant

Industrial Textiles and Coatings

Vowen, Knitted Fabric

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Sodium Silicate, Sodium Siliconate, Sodium Polysilicate, Sodium Silicate Glass, 2 Module, 3 Module, 1344-09-8, 106985-35-7, 11105-00-3, 37299-97-1, 12013-79-5

General Information

Chemical Name: Sodium Silicate
General Formula: Na₂(SiO₂)ₙO
Common Names: Water glass, soluble glass, liquid glass, sodium metasilicate (powder form), sodium polysilicate (liquid form).
Appearance: Transparent, colorless, sometimes greenish or bluish in commercial grades.

CAS Numbers Explained

1344-09-8 → Sodium silicate (general form)
- The most common CAS number, widely used for “water glass.”
- Applications: detergents, adhesives, cement, water treatment.
106985-35-7 → Sodium polysilicate
- A polymeric liquid form.
- Applications: detergents, paper industry, cement additives, water treatment.
11105-00-3 → Sodium sesquisilicate
- A special crystalline form.
- Applications: adhesives, coatings, specialty binders.
37299-97-1 → Sodium silicate glass
- Solid glassy form.
- Applications: construction, refractories, protective coatings.
12013-79-5 → Tetrasodium orthosilicate
- Highly alkaline form.
- Applications: technical uses, corrosion inhibitors, specialized industrial processes.

Industrial Applications and Usage

1. Detergents & Cleaning

Function: Builder, soil dispersant, stabilizer.
Usage: Typically 5–15% in powdered detergents; 2–5% in liquid detergents.
Effect: Prevents dirt redeposition, stabilizes hydrogen peroxide in bleaching.

2. Textile Industry

Function: pH regulator, peroxide stabilizer, flame-retardant additive.
Usage: 1–3% in bleaching baths; 2–4% in printing fixatives.
Effect: Improves bleaching efficiency, enhances fire resistance of fabrics.

3. Paper & Cardboard

Function: Adhesive, surface hardener, ink fixative.
Usage: 10–20% in adhesives; 5–10% in coatings.
Effect: Strengthens cardboard, improves print quality.

4. Cement & Concrete

Function: Hardener, waterproofing agent, acid resistance enhancer.
Usage: 3–8% as admixture; 10–15% in surface coatings.
Effect: Increases mechanical strength, reduces curing time, improves durability.

5. Ceramics & Pottery

Function: Clay deflocculant, binder, anti-coagulation agent.
Usage: 1–2% in clay preparation; 3–5% as binder.
Effect: Improves workability, prevents cracking.

6. Water Treatment

Function: Coagulant, flocculant, pH buffer.
Usage: 10–50 mg/L depending on water quality.
Effect: Removes impurities, stabilizes pH.

7. Wood Treatment

Function: Preservative, antifungal, flame-retardant.

Comparative Table of Silicate Types

Property / Application	Sodium Silicate (Na₂(SiO₂)ₙO)	Potassium Silicate (K₂SiO₃)	Lithium Silicate (Li₂SiO₃)	Calcium Silicate (Ca₂SiO₄ / CaSiO₃)	Magnesium Silicate (Mg₂SiO₄ / MgSiO₃)	Aluminum Silicate (Al₂SiO₅)
Form	Liquid, glassy solid, powder	Liquid, powder	Liquid, powder	Solid, powder	Solid, powder	Solid mineral
Appearance	Transparent, bluish/greenish	Transparent or white	Transparent	White powder	White/gray powder	White crystalline
Alkalinity (pH)	Strongly alkaline	Alkaline, slightly milder than sodium	Alkaline, but lower viscosity	Neutral to slightly basic	Neutral	Neutral
Solubility	Soluble in water	Soluble in water	Highly soluble	Insoluble (used as filler)	Insoluble	Insoluble
Main Applications	Detergents, textiles, paper, cement, water treatment, adhesives, fireproofing	Agriculture (foliar fertilizer), fireproof coatings, detergents	High-performance coatings, lithium battery binders, concrete hardeners	Insulation boards, fireproof materials, cement additive	Talc substitute, ceramics, refractories	Ceramics, refractories, fillers
Construction Use	Concrete hardener, waterproofing	Fireproof coatings, cement stabilizer	Concrete densifier	Thermal insulation, cement additive	Refractory bricks, ceramics	Ceramic reinforcement
Detergents & Cleaning	Builder, stabilizer	Builder, stabilizer	Limited use	Not used	Not used	Not used
Textiles	Bleaching stabilizer, flame-retardant	Flame-retardant additive	Flame-retardant additive	Not used	Not used	Not used
Water Treatment	Coagulant, flocculant	Limited use	Limited use	Not used	Not used	Not used
Specialty Uses	Adhesives, coatings, metallurgy	Agriculture (silicon fertilizer), protective coatings	Lithium-ion battery industry, advanced coatings	Fireproof insulation, thermal boards	Talc replacement, ceramics	High-temperature ceramics
Other Names	Water glass, soluble glass	Potassium water glass	Lithium water glass	Calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), wollastonite	Magnesium silicate hydrate, talc	Kaolinite, kyanite, sillimanite

Insights

Sodium silicate → Most versatile, used across detergents, textiles, paper, cement, water treatment.
Potassium silicate → Preferred in agriculture (silicon fertilizer) and fireproof coatings.
Lithium silicate → Specialized in concrete densification and battery binders.
Calcium silicate → Mainly insulation and fireproof boards.
Magnesium silicate → Known as talc; used in ceramics and refractories.
Aluminum silicate → Mineral form, used in ceramics and high-temperature refractories.

Usage: 5–15% in impregnation solutions; 10–20% in coatings.
Effect: Protects against fungi and insects, enhances fire resistance.

8. Metallurgy & Foundry

Function: Binder for molds, refractory additive, surface protector.
Usage: 3–6% in sand molds; 10–15% in refractory coatings.
Effect: Improves mold strength, stabilizes at high temperatures.

9. Fireproofing & Coatings

Function: Fire-resistant coating, protective layer.
Usage: 20–30% in coating solutions; 10–15% in fire-retardant mixtures.
Effect: Forms a protective film, delays ignition.

Key Notes

2-module sodium silicate (Na₂O·2SiO₂): More alkaline, lower viscosity → general industrial use.
3-module sodium silicate (Na₂O·3SiO₂): Higher viscosity, more neutral → specialized technical applications.
Forms: Liquid (solution), glassy solid, or powder (metasilicate).