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Send EmailDipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether, Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether, 1Butoxy Propoxy Propanol, DPnB, DPGnBE, 35884-42-5
Product Name: Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether (DPnB)
CAS No: 35884-42-5
EC No (EINECS): 252-187-7
Chemical Formula: C₁₀H₂₂O₃
Molecular Weight: 190.28 g/mol
REACH Status: Registered
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | 1-(2-Butoxypropoxy)propan-2-ol |
| Other Names | Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether, DPnB, Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether, DPGnBE |
| CAS Number | 35884-42-5 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 252-187-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₀H₂₂O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 190.28 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Glycol ether, alcohol-ether, secondary alcohol |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Mild ether-like odor |
| Taste | Not determined as technical product |
| REACH Status | Registered |
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND DESCRIPTION:
Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether (DPnB) is a glycol ether. Its structure contains both an ether (-O-) group and a hydroxyl (-OH) group. It also contains an n-butyl chain. This structure gives DPnB both hydrophilic (water-loving) and lipophilic (oil-loving) character. This balance makes it compatible with many polar and non-polar solvents.
Structural Formula (Open Structure):
CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH(CH₃)-O-CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₃
(1-(2-Butoxypropoxy)propan-2-ol)
DPnB is generally found as a mixture of isomers. Commercial DPnB is the n-butyl ether of dipropylene glycol, with the main component being 1-(2-butoxypropoxy)-2-propanol. The isomers arise from different modes of attachment of the propylene oxide chain.
These structural features:
Give DPnB excellent solvent properties.
Provide miscibility with water and organic solvents.
Offer a low vapor pressure and high boiling point with a controlled evaporation profile.
Find wide use in coatings, cleaners, and chemical formulations.
DPnB is a glycol ether solvent with low volatility and excellent solvency for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. It is widely used in paints, inks, varnishes, cleaning products, agricultural chemicals, and electronic cleaning solutions.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₁₀H₂₂O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 190.28 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Mild ether-like odor |
| Density | 0.95 g/cm³ (20 °C) |
| Boiling Point | ~230 °C |
| Flash Point | 95 °C (closed cup) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.04 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Viscosity | ~4.5 mPa·s (20 °C) |
| Surface Tension | ~29 mN/m (20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | ~1.43 (20 °C) |
| Solubility | Miscible with water and most organic solvents |
| Stability | Stable under recommended storage conditions |
| pH (aqueous solution) | Near neutral |
| Volatility | Low |
| Hygroscopicity | May absorb slight moisture; store in dry conditions |
DPnB is a clear, colorless liquid. Its boiling point is ~230 °C. Its flash point is 95 °C (closed cup). Its density is about 0.95 g/cm³. Its vapor pressure is 0.04 mmHg at 20 °C. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It has low volatility and offers a controlled evaporation profile.
| Solvent | Solubility | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Water | Miscible | 20 °C |
| Methanol | Miscible | - |
| Ethanol | Miscible | - |
| Isopropanol | Miscible | - |
| Acetone | Miscible | - |
| Ethyl acetate | Miscible | - |
| Hexane | Limited / partially soluble | - |
| Toluene | Miscible | - |
| Xylene | Miscible | - |
| Glycols | Miscible | - |
DPnB is miscible with a wide range of polar and non-polar solvents. It is completely miscible with water. This property makes it useful in both water-based and solvent-based formulations.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Class | Glycol ether, secondary alcohol |
| Reactivity | Esterification, transesterification, urethane formation, etherification |
| Hydrolytic Stability | High |
| Thermal Stability | Good |
| Oxidation Resistance | Moderate |
| Polymerization | Does not undergo hazardous spontaneous polymerization |
| Compatibility | Carboxylic acids, anhydrides, isocyanates, esters |
| Substances to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products | Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), aldehydes, and organic vapors |
Thanks to the hydroxyl group in its structure, DPnB can undergo esterification, transesterification, and urethane formation reactions. The ether group enhances its solvent properties. DPnB is generally used as a solvent; however, it can also participate in reactions as a chemical intermediate.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Purity (GC) | ≥ 99.0% |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Color (Pt-Co) | ≤ 10 Hazen |
| Water Content | ≤ 0.1% |
| Acid Value | ≤ 0.01 mg KOH/g |
| Density (20 °C) | 0.945–0.955 g/cm³ |
| Boiling Range | 225–235 °C |
| Flash Point | ≥ 95 °C |
| Refractive Index (20 °C) | 1.425–1.435 |
| Viscosity (20 °C) | 4.0–5.0 mPa·s |
| Heavy Metals | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (under proper storage) |
DPnB is produced in technical grade with high purity. In industrial applications, batch-to-batch consistency, color stability, and low impurity content are important. High purity is particularly preferred in coating, cleaning, and electronic applications.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Water-Based Paints | Acts as a coalescent solvent, improving film formation |
| Inks | Used as a solvent and viscosity modifier |
| Varnishes | Improves gloss and surface quality |
| Industrial Coatings | Used as a solvent and flow modifier |
DPnB is a widely used solvent in water-based and solvent-based coatings. It acts as a coalescent solvent in water-based paints; it improves film formation, prevents cracking and peeling. Thanks to its low volatility, it extends open time.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Industrial Cleaners | Dissolves oils, dirt, and residues |
| Household Cleaners | Used as a solvent in surface cleaners |
| Electronic Cleaners | Used in photoresist and semiconductor cleaning |
| Paint Removers | Dissolves paint and coating residues |
Thanks to its strong solvency power and miscibility with water, DPnB is an effective solvent in cleaning products. It is particularly preferred in industrial cleaners and electronic cleaning solutions.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Resin Synthesis | Intermediate in polyester and polyurethane resins |
| Polymer Production | Used as a solvent and chain terminator |
| Ester Synthesis | Intermediate for ester derivatives |
DPnB is used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. It acts as a solvent or reactant in resin and polymer production.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Pesticide Formulations | Used as a carrier solvent |
| Herbicides and Insecticides | Increases solubility of active ingredients |
| Foliar Fertilizers | Used as a solvent and carrier in formulations |
DPnB is used as a carrier solvent in agricultural chemicals. It facilitates the dissolution and application of active ingredients.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Photoresist Cleaning | Dissolves photoresist residues in semiconductor manufacturing |
| Semiconductor Cleaning | Used in cleaning circuit boards and electronic components |
| Screen Cleaning | Used for cleaning sensitive surfaces |
DPnB is used as a high-purity solvent in the electronics industry. It is an important component in photoresist and semiconductor cleaning solutions.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Paint Removers | Dissolves paint and varnish residues |
| Adhesives | Used as a solvent and flow modifier |
| Ink Formulations | Solvent and viscosity modifier |
| Cosmetics | Used as a solvent in some cosmetic products |
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Structural Class | Glycol ether, secondary alcohol |
| Functional Groups | Ether (-O-) and hydroxyl (-OH) |
| Amphiphilic Character | Both hydrophilic and lipophilic |
| Solvency Power | High |
| Evaporation Profile | Low, controlled |
| Water Miscibility | Completely miscible |
| Polarity | Medium polarity |
| Polymer Contribution | Solvent, coalescent, viscosity modifier |
The amphiphilic structure of DPnB makes it effective in both water-based and solvent-based systems. The ether group increases solvency power, while the hydroxyl group provides miscibility with water. The n-butyl chain enhances lipophilic character.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Coalescent Solvent | Improves film formation in water-based paints |
| Solvent Formulation | Used as a solvent in cleaners and coatings |
| Extraction | Solvent in chemical extraction processes |
| Reaction Medium | Provides solvent medium in chemical reactions |
| Cleaning | Used in industrial and electronic cleaning |
| Carrier Solvent | Carrier in pesticide and agricultural chemicals |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | May be classified as irritating |
| Oral LD50 (Rat) | > 5000 mg/kg |
| Dermal LD50 (Rabbit) | > 5000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | May be mildly irritating |
| Eye Irritation | May be irritating |
| Respiratory Irritation | Vapor inhalation may irritate the respiratory tract |
| Skin Sensitization | Not expected |
| Mutagenicity | Not classified |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Bioaccumulation | Not likely |
| WGK Germany | 1 (slightly hazardous to water) |
DPnB is a chemical with low toxicity. It may cause irritation on contact with eyes and skin. Vapor inhalation may cause respiratory discomfort. Prolonged and repeated skin contact should be avoided. It is not classified as a hazardous substance, but appropriate PPE should be used in industrial handling.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not applicable (not a hazardous substance) |
| Hazard Class | Not a hazardous substance |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Proper Shipping Name | Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether (DPnB) |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| ADR/RID Label | Not applicable |
DPnB is not classified as a hazardous substance. There are no special restrictions for its transport by sea, land, or air.
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| EU | REACH registered |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed |
| EINECS | 252-187-7 |
| Turkey (KKDİK) | Should be evaluated within compliance and registration requirements |
| Food Contact | Not suitable for technical grade; special grade required for food contact |
| Hazardous Substance | No |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Temperature | 15–25 °C (ideal); should not exceed 40 °C |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed container |
| Moisture Control | Dry environment to prevent moisture absorption |
| Substances to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, direct sunlight, ignition sources |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (under proper storage) |
| Handling Notes | Avoid breathing vapor; use PPE |
| Packaging Options | 200 L steel drums, IBC tanks, bulk delivery; custom packaging upon request |
Handling Notes:
Avoid breathing vapor.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, mask).
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Keep away from ignition sources.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Combustible liquid; vapor/air mixture may be flammable |
| Flash Point | 95 °C (closed cup) |
| Extinguishing Media | Water spray, foam, CO₂, dry chemical powder |
| Special Hazards | Thermal decomposition may release CO, CO₂, and organic vapors |
| Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
DPnB is a combustible liquid. In case of fire, appropriate extinguishing media should be used, and firefighting personnel should wear protective equipment.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Personal Protection | Respirator, protective goggles, gloves, protective clothing |
| Ventilation | Ventilate the area |
| Containment | Contain the spill |
| Cleaning Methods | Absorb with inert material; place in suitable disposal container |
| Environmental Precautions | Prevent entry into drains, sewers, and water sources |
| Waste Disposal | Dispose of according to local regulations |
In case of a spill, clean up while preventing vapor formation. Dispose of waste properly. Prevent environmental release.
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move the person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of water and soap. Remove contaminated clothing. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Drink plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. |
| Raw Material | Description |
|---|---|
| Propylene Oxide | Precursor in DPnB synthesis |
| n-Butanol | Used in etherification reaction |
| Dipropylene Glycol | Intermediate |
| By-Product | Application |
|---|---|
| DPnB Esters | Solvent, plasticizer |
| DPnB Acetate | Coating and cleaning solvent |
| Polyurethanes | Adhesives, elastomers |
| Resins | Coatings, adhesives |
| Industry | Application Area | Example Use | Suitability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coatings | Solvent, coalescent | Water-based paints, inks | High |
| Cleaners | Solvent | Industrial and household cleaners | High |
| Electronics | Cleaning solvent | Photoresist, semiconductor | High |
| Agriculture | Carrier solvent | Pesticide formulations | Suitable |
| Chemistry | Intermediate | Resin and polymer synthesis | Suitable |
| Cosmetics | Solvent | Some cosmetic products | Limited |
DPnB can undergo many chemical reactions due to its hydroxyl group:
| Reaction | Description |
|---|---|
| Esterification | Forms esters with carboxylic acids |
| Transesterification | Reacts with esters to perform ester exchange |
| Urethane Formation | Forms polyurethanes with isocyanates |
| Etherification | Can form ether bonds under suitable conditions |
| Acetylation | Forms DPnB acetate derivative with acetic acid |
DPnB derivatives are widely used in coatings, cleaners, and polymer systems.
| Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| DPnB Acetate | Coating and cleaning solvent |
| DPnB Esters | Plasticizer and solvent |
| Dipropylene Glycol | Intermediate in DPnB production |
| Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether (DPM) | Similar glycol ether solvent |
| Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acetate (DPMA) | Derivative with high solvency power |
| Tripropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether (TPnB) | Similar glycol ether solvent |
SUMMARY:
Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether (DPnB) is a clear, colorless glycol ether solvent with the formula C₁₀H₂₂O₃ and CAS number 35884-42-5. It has low volatility and excellent solvency for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It is widely used in coatings, cleaners, electronic cleaning solutions, agricultural chemicals, and chemical syntheses. Thanks to its amphiphilic character, it is effective in a wide range of formulations. It has low toxicity and is not classified as a hazardous substance. It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers.
Key Properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Chemical Formula | C₁₀H₂₂O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 190.28 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 35884-42-5 |
| Boiling Point | ~230 °C |
| Flash Point | 95 °C (closed cup) |
| Density | 0.95 g/cm³ (20 °C) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.04 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Solubility | Water and most organic solvents |
| Chemical Class | Glycol ether, secondary alcohol |
| Primary Use | Solvent, coalescent, cleaner, intermediate |
Main Applications:
| Industry | Applications |
|---|---|
| Coatings | Water-based paints, inks, varnishes |
| Cleaners | Industrial, household, electronic cleaners |
| Electronics | Photoresist, semiconductor cleaning |
| Agriculture | Pesticide formulations |
| Chemistry | Resin and polymer synthesis |
| Cosmetics | Some cosmetic products |
Key Safety Points:
LOW TOXICITY: Not a hazardous substance; LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
IRRITATING: May cause irritation to eyes and skin
VAPOR CONTROL: Inhalation of vapor should be avoided
STORAGE: Cool, dry, well-ventilated; should not exceed 40 °C
PPE RECOMMENDED: Gloves, protective goggles, respirator
INCOMPATIBLE: Strong oxidizing agents, ignition sources
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
DPnB is a glycol ether containing both an ether and a hydroxyl group. This structure gives it amphiphilic character.
It is miscible with water and most organic solvents, making it useful in a wide range of formulations.
It acts as a coalescent solvent in water-based paints, improving film formation and extending open time.
It is used as a strong solvent in industrial and electronic cleaners.
It serves as a carrier solvent in agricultural chemicals.
It is used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses.
It is a combustible liquid; it should be kept away from ignition sources.
It is not classified as a hazardous substance; however, appropriate PPE should be used in industrial handling.
Vapor inhalation may irritate the respiratory tract; good ventilation should be provided.
Important Statement: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. The information provided is based on available data and is believed to be accurate. However, the user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their own specific applications and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, use, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are obligated to test the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with DPnB.