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Send EmailNeopentyl Glycol, Neopentylene Glycol, NPG, 504-63-2
Product Name: Neopentyl Glycol (NPG)
CAS No: 504-63-2
EC No (EINECS): 208-419-9
Chemical Formula: C₅H₁₂O₂
Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
REACH Status: Registered
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol |
| Other Names | Neopentyl Glycol, NPG, Neopentyl Glycol, 2,2-Dimethylpropane-1,3-diol, Neopentylene Glycol |
| CAS Number | 504-63-2 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 208-419-9 |
| Molecular Formula | C₅H₁₂O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 104.15 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Aliphatic diol, primary diol, neopentyl-structured polyol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid, flakes or powder |
| Odor | Mild characteristic or odorless |
| Taste | Not determined as technical product |
| REACH Status | Registered |
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND DESCRIPTION:
Neopentyl Glycol (NPG) is a symmetrical aliphatic diol containing two primary hydroxyl (-OH) groups. Its structure has a central carbon atom bonded to two methyl (-CH₃) groups and two hydroxymethyl (-CH₂OH) groups. This structure gives NPG its “neopentyl” character.
Structural Formula (Open Structure):
CH₃
|
HO-CH₂-C-CH₂-OH
|
CH₃
(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol)
These structural features:
Give NPG a high crystalline structure and low volatility.
Provide high reactivity in esterification and polyesterification reactions.
Increase hydrolytic and thermal stability due to steric hindrance.
Help form polymer structures resistant to oxidation and hydrolysis.
NPG is an important chemical intermediate used as a building block in many industrial applications such as resins, coatings, lubricants, plastics, and adhesives.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₅H₁₂O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 104.15 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid, flakes or powder |
| Odor | Mild characteristic or odorless |
| Density | 1.06 g/cm³ (20 °C) |
| Melting Point | 124–128 °C |
| Boiling Point | 210–215 °C (760 mmHg) |
| Flash Point | >130 °C |
| Autoignition Temperature | Approx. 390 °C (typical) |
| Vapor Pressure | Very low (negligible at 20 °C) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, alcohols, and glycols |
| Stability | Stable under recommended storage conditions |
| Hydroxyl Value | Approx. 1070–1090 mg KOH/g |
| pH (aqueous solution) | Near neutral |
| Volatility | Low |
| Hygroscopicity | May absorb slight moisture; store in dry conditions |
NPG is a white crystalline diol with low volatility. Its melting point is in the range of 124–128 °C. It boils at 210–215 °C. Its density is about 1.06 g/cm³. Its flash point is >130 °C. It is soluble in water, alcohols, and glycols. It has high chemical stability and is resistant to oxidation and hydrolysis.
| Solvent | Solubility | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Water | High solubility (approx. 830 g/L) | 20 °C |
| Methanol | Soluble | - |
| Ethanol | Soluble | - |
| Isopropanol | Soluble | - |
| Acetone | Soluble | - |
| Ethyl acetate | Soluble / limited | - |
| Glycols | Soluble | - |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons | Insoluble or very slightly soluble | - |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons | Limited solubility | - |
Due to its polar structure, NPG is readily soluble in polar solvents such as water, alcohols, glycols, and ketones. Its solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons is low. This property makes it useful in aqueous and polar solvent-based formulations.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Class | Aliphatic primary diol |
| Reactivity | Esterification, transesterification, polyesterification, urethane formation |
| Hydrolytic Stability | High |
| Thermal Stability | Good |
| Oxidation Resistance | High |
| Polymerization | Does not undergo hazardous spontaneous polymerization; forms polyesters and polyurethanes in controlled reactions |
| Compatibility | Carboxylic acids, anhydrides, isocyanates, esters |
| Substances to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products | Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), aldehydes, and organic vapors |
Thanks to its two primary hydroxyl groups, NPG undergoes esterification with carboxylic acids, reaction with anhydrides, and urethane formation with isocyanates. It is a key building block in polyester resins, alkyd resins, and polyurethane systems. Its neopentyl structure provides steric protection, increasing the hydrolytic stability, thermal resistance, and weather resistance of the resulting polymers.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Purity (GC) | ≥ 99.0% |
| Appearance | White crystalline flakes or powder |
| Color (Pt-Co) | ≤ 10 Hazen |
| Melting Point | 124–128 °C |
| Hydroxyl Value | 1070–1090 mg KOH/g |
| Acid Value | ≤ 0.1 mg KOH/g |
| Water Content | ≤ 0.1% |
| Ash | ≤ 0.05% |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Heavy Metals | ≤ 10 ppm |
| pH (aqueous solution) | 6–8 |
| Hygroscopicity | May absorb slight moisture |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (under proper storage) |
NPG is produced in technical grade with high purity. In industrial applications, batch-to-batch consistency, color stability, and low impurity content are important. High purity is particularly preferred in coating, resin, and lubricant applications.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Polyester Resins | Provides durability, hydrolytic stability, and weather resistance |
| Alkyd Resins | Increases gloss, hardness, and durability in paints and coatings |
| Powder Coatings | Provides outdoor durability and chemical resistance |
| Industrial Coatings | Used in automotive, appliance, and architectural coatings |
NPG is an important diol component in the production of polyester and alkyd resins. Thanks to its neopentyl structure, the UV resistance, hydrolytic stability, and thermal resistance of coatings are increased.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Polymer Formulations | Increases flexibility and thermal stability |
| Polyurethanes | Provides hardness, strength, and chemical resistance |
| Polyesters | Used in high-performance engineering plastics |
NPG is used as a chain extender or building block in polyurethane and polyester-based polymer systems. It gives polymers hardness, flexibility, and chemical resistance.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Synthetic Lubricants | Provides high thermal stability and oxidation resistance |
| Hydraulic Fluids | Provides wear resistance and viscosity stability |
| Ester-Based Lubricants | Used in biodegradable lubricant formulations |
NPG esters are used in the production of synthetic lubricants that remain stable under high temperature and oxidizing conditions.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Adhesives | Provides strength and flexibility |
| Sealants | Increases chemical resistance and adhesion performance |
| Composites | Improves performance in resin systems |
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Automotive Coatings | Increases scratch and chemical resistance |
| Plastic Parts | Provides thermal stability and surface quality |
| Adhesives | Provides structural strength and flexibility |
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Plasticizers | Ester derivatives are used as plasticizers |
| Ester Intermediates | Used in the production of lubricant and coating esters |
| Solvent Intermediates | Used as intermediates in chemical syntheses |
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Structural Class | Aliphatic primary diol |
| Functional Groups | Two -OH (hydroxyl) groups |
| Neopentyl Structure | Contains two methyl groups on the central carbon atom |
| Steric Effect | Increases hydrolytic and thermal stability |
| Crystalline Structure | High crystallinity, low volatility |
| Reactivity | High tendency toward esterification and urethane reactions |
| Polymer Contribution | Provides hardness, flexibility, chemical resistance, and UV resistance |
The neopentyl structure of NPG provides steric protection in polymer chains. As a result, the resulting resins and coatings are more resistant to hydrolysis, oxidation, and UV effects.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Esterification | Reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters |
| Polyesterification | Forms polyester resins with dicarboxylic acids |
| Urethane Formation | Used in polyurethane systems with isocyanates |
| Transesterification | Used as an intermediate in ester exchange reactions |
| Alkyd Resin Synthesis | Used in the production of alkyd resins with fatty acids and anhydrides |
| Powder Coating Production | Used in high-performance powder coating resins |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Not classified as a hazardous substance |
| Oral LD50 (Rat) | > 5000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | May be mildly irritating |
| Eye Irritation | May be mildly irritating |
| Respiratory Irritation | Dust inhalation may cause irritation |
| Skin Sensitization | Not expected |
| Mutagenicity | Not classified |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Bioaccumulation | Not likely |
| WGK Germany | 1 (slightly hazardous to water) |
NPG is a chemical with low toxicity. It may cause mild irritation on contact with eyes and skin. Inhalation of dust should be avoided. It is not classified as a hazardous substance.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not applicable (not a hazardous substance) |
| Hazard Class | Not a hazardous substance |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Proper Shipping Name | Neopentyl Glycol (NPG) |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| ADR/RID Label | Not applicable |
NPG is not classified as a hazardous substance. There are no special restrictions for its transport by sea, land, or air.
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| EU | REACH registered |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed |
| EINECS | 208-419-9 |
| Turkey (KKDİK) | Should be evaluated within compliance and registration requirements |
| Food Contact | Not suitable for technical grade; special grade required for food contact |
| Hazardous Substance | No |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Temperature | 2–30 °C (ideal); should not exceed 40 °C |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed bag or container |
| Moisture Control | Dry environment to prevent moisture absorption |
| Substances to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, direct sunlight, high temperature |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (under proper storage) |
| Handling Notes | Avoid dust formation; use PPE |
| Packaging Options | 25 kg bag, 500 kg jumbo bag; custom packaging upon request |
Handling Notes:
Avoid dust formation.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, mask).
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Protect from moisture and direct sunlight.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Combustible solid; dust cloud may be flammable/explosive |
| Flash Point | >130 °C |
| Extinguishing Media | Water spray, foam, CO₂, dry chemical powder |
| Special Hazards | Thermal decomposition may release CO, CO₂, and organic vapors |
| Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
NPG may burn at high temperatures. Dust cloud formation should be prevented. In case of fire, appropriate extinguishing media should be used, and firefighting personnel should wear protective equipment.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Personal Protection | Dust mask, protective goggles, gloves, protective clothing |
| Ventilation | Ventilate the area |
| Containment | Prevent dust spread |
| Cleaning Methods | Carefully sweep or vacuum; place in suitable disposal container |
| Environmental Precautions | Prevent entry into drains, sewers, and water sources |
| Waste Disposal | Dispose of according to local regulations |
In case of a spill, clean up while preventing dust formation. Dispose of waste properly. Prevent environmental release.
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move the person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of water and soap. Remove contaminated clothing. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Drink plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. |
| Raw Material | Description |
|---|---|
| Isobutyraldehyde | Precursor in NPG synthesis |
| Formaldehyde | Used in aldol condensation reaction |
| Hydrogen | Used in hydrogenation step |
| By-Product | Application |
|---|---|
| NPG Esters | Lubricants, plasticizers |
| Polyester Resins | Coatings, powder paints |
| Polyurethanes | Adhesives, elastomers, coatings |
| Alkyd Resins | Paints and varnishes |
| Powder Coating Resins | Automotive, appliance, architectural coatings |
| Industry | Application Area | Example Use | Suitability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coatings | Polyester, alkyd, powder coating | Automotive, architectural, industrial paints | High |
| Plastics | Polymer additive | Engineering plastics | High |
| Lubricants | Synthetic esters | Hydraulic fluids, lubricants | High |
| Construction | Adhesive, sealant | Composites, adhesives | Suitable |
| Automotive | Coating, plastic, adhesive | Vehicle coatings, parts | High |
| Chemistry | Ester intermediate | Plasticizer, synthesis | Suitable |
NPG can undergo many chemical reactions due to its two primary hydroxyl groups:
| Reaction | Description |
|---|---|
| Esterification | Forms esters with carboxylic acids |
| Polyesterification | Forms polyester resins with dicarboxylic acids |
| Transesterification | Reacts with esters to perform ester exchange |
| Urethane Formation | Forms polyurethanes with isocyanates |
| Etherification | Can form ether bonds under suitable conditions |
| Acrylation | Forms NPG diacrylate derivatives with acrylic acid |
NPG derivatives are widely used in coatings, adhesives, lubricants, and polymer systems.
| Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| NPG Diacrylate | Used in UV-curable coatings |
| NPG Dimethacrylate | Used in polymer and coating systems |
| NPG Adipate | Polyester plasticizer and lubricant |
| NPG Terephthalate | Used in polyester resins |
| Hydroxypivalyl Hydroxypivalate (HPHP) | Intermediate in NPG production |
| Trimethylolpropane (TMP) | Similar polyol structure; used in coatings and resins |
| Pentaerythritol | Multifunctional polyol; used in coatings and resins |
SUMMARY:
Neopentyl Glycol (NPG) is a white crystalline diol with the formula C₅H₁₂O₂ and CAS number 504-63-2. It contains two primary hydroxyl groups. Thanks to its neopentyl structure, it exhibits high chemical stability, low volatility, and hydrolytic resistance. It is widely used in resins, coatings, plastics, lubricants, adhesives, and automotive applications. It particularly increases durability and weather resistance in polyester, alkyd, and powder coating resins. It has low toxicity and is not classified as a hazardous substance. It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers.
Key Properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline solid, flakes or powder |
| Chemical Formula | C₅H₁₂O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 104.15 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 504-63-2 |
| Melting Point | 124–128 °C |
| Boiling Point | 210–215 °C |
| Density | 1.06 g/cm³ (20 °C) |
| Flash Point | >130 °C |
| Solubility | Water, alcohols, glycols |
| Chemical Class | Aliphatic primary diol |
| Primary Use | Resin, coating, lubricant, plastic |
Main Applications:
| Industry | Applications |
|---|---|
| Resins and Coatings | Polyester, alkyd, powder coating |
| Plastics | Polymer additive, polyurethane |
| Lubricants | Synthetic esters, hydraulic fluids |
| Construction | Adhesive, sealant, composite |
| Automotive | Coatings, plastic parts, adhesives |
| Chemistry | Ester intermediates, plasticizers |
Key Safety Points:
LOW TOXICITY: Not a hazardous substance; LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
MILD IRRITATION: May cause mild irritation to eyes and skin
DUST CONTROL: Inhalation of dust should be avoided
STORAGE: Cool, dry, well-ventilated; should not exceed 40 °C
PPE RECOMMENDED: Gloves, protective goggles, dust mask
INCOMPATIBLE: Strong oxidizing agents
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
NPG is an aliphatic diol containing two primary hydroxyl groups. It shows high reactivity in esterification and polyurethane reactions.
Its neopentyl structure gives polymers hydrolytic stability, thermal resistance, and UV resistance.
It is used as a building block in polyester, alkyd, and powder coating resins.
It is an important intermediate in the production of polyurethanes, lubricants, and plasticizers.
It is soluble in water and polar solvents; its solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons is low.
It is combustible at high temperatures; dust cloud formation should be prevented.
It is not classified as a hazardous substance; however, appropriate PPE should be used in industrial handling.
It should be stored in tightly closed containers to prevent moisture absorption.
Important Statement: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. The information provided is based on available data and is believed to be accurate. However, the user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their own specific applications and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, use, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are obligated to test the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with NPG.