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Send EmailMethyl Ethyl Ketone, Methyl Acetone, Ethyl Methyl Ketone, MEK, 78-93-3
Product Name: Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
Other Names: 2-Butanone, MEK, Methyl Acetone, Ethyl Methyl Ketone
CAS Number: 78-93-3
Chemical Formula: C₄H₈O
Molecular Weight: 72.11 g/mol
Chemical Class: Ketone, organic solvent
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) |
| Other Names | 2-Butanone, MEK, Methyl Acetone, Ethyl Methyl Ketone, 2-Butanone |
| CAS Number | 78-93-3 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 201-159-0 |
| Molecular Formula | C₄H₈O |
| Molecular Weight | 72.11 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Ketone, organic solvent |
| IUPAC Name | Butan-2-one |
| Appearance | Colorless, clear liquid |
| Odor | Sharp, characteristic ketone odor |
| Functional Class | Solvent, intermediate |
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION:
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) is one of the most widely used industrial ketone solvents. It is a colorless, clear liquid with a characteristic sharp ketone odor. MEK is widely used in the paint, varnish, adhesive, resin, and printing ink industries due to its excellent solvency power, fast evaporation rate, and broad solubility range.
MEK is notable for its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar substances. While it shows limited solubility in water, it is miscible with many organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters, hydrocarbons, and chlorinated solvents. This broad solubility profile makes it a versatile solvent in formulation chemistry.
MEK is also an important chemical intermediate. It is used in the production of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), in various organic syntheses, and in the manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates. Its fast evaporation property provides rapid drying times in coating and adhesive applications.
| Property | Value | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless, clear liquid | |
| Odor | Sharp, characteristic ketone odor | |
| Molecular Formula | C₄H₈O | |
| Molecular Weight | 72.11 g/mol | |
| Boiling Point | ~79°C | At 1013 hPa |
| Melting Point | -86°C | |
| Density (20°C) | 0.805 g/cm³ | Lighter than water |
| Vapor Pressure (20°C) | 10 kPa | High volatility |
| Vapor Density | 2.49 (Air=1) | Heavier than air |
| Flash Point | -6°C (Closed cup) | Highly flammable |
| Autoignition Temperature | ~515°C | |
| Explosion Limits | 1.4% – 11.4% (volume) | In air |
| Viscosity (20°C) | 0.43 mPa·s | Low viscosity |
| Refractive Index (20°C) | 1.3788 | |
| Surface Tension (20°C) | 24.6 mN/m | |
| Log P (octanol/water) | 0.29 | Low bioaccumulation potential |
SOLUBILITY PROFILE:
| Solvent | Solubility | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Water | ~275 g/L | Limited solubility at 20°C |
| Ethanol | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Ether | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Acetone | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Benzene | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Toluene | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Chloroform | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Esters | Miscible | In all proportions |
| Hydrocarbons | Miscible | With most |
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES EXPLANATION:
MEK is a colorless, clear liquid at room temperature with a characteristic sharp ketone odor. Its density is 0.805 g/cm³, making it lighter than water. The boiling point is ~79°C and the melting point is -86°C.
One of the most important physical properties of MEK is its low flash point (-6°C, closed cup). This makes it a highly flammable liquid (ADR Class 3) and requires special precautions during storage and transport. The vapor pressure is 10 kPa at 20°C, indicating high volatility. The vapor density is heavier than air (2.49), so vapors can accumulate at ground level and reach distant ignition sources.
MEK shows limited solubility in water (~275 g/L at 20°C) but is miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, toluene, chloroform, esters, and most hydrocarbons in all proportions. This broad solubility profile makes it a versatile solvent in formulation chemistry.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Class | Ketone, organic solvent |
| Functional Group | Carbonyl group (C=O) |
| Reactivity | Undergoes nucleophilic addition reactions due to the carbonyl group |
| Oxidation | Reacts with strong oxidizing agents to form peroxides |
| Reduction | Can be reduced to 2-butanol |
| Condensation | Undergoes aldol condensation and other condensation reactions |
| Peroxide Formation | Can form explosive peroxides upon exposure to air |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, amines |
| Polymerization | Can polymerize under suitable conditions |
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES EXPLANATION:
MEK is a ketone containing a carbonyl group (C=O). This functional group imparts characteristic chemical reactivity to MEK. The carbonyl group can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions and can be used as an intermediate in various organic syntheses.
Oxidation and Peroxide Formation: MEK can oxidize over time upon exposure to air, forming explosive peroxides. Therefore, during long-term storage of MEK, peroxide formation should be checked regularly, and peroxide levels should be kept within safe limits. Stabilizers can be added to prevent peroxide formation, and contact with air should be minimized during storage.
Reduction: MEK can be converted to 2-butanol via reduction reaction. This reaction can be carried out in the presence of various catalysts.
Condensation Reactions: MEK can undergo aldol condensation and other condensation reactions, making it useful in the synthesis of more complex molecules.
Incompatibilities: MEK is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and amines. Contact with these substances can cause hazardous reactions.
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Paint and Varnish Solvent | Fast-evaporating solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquers, and coatings |
| Adhesive and Resin Production | Solvent in adhesive, resin, and polymer formulations |
| Cleaning and Degreasing | Industrial cleaning, degreasing, surface preparation |
| Printing Inks | Solvent and carrier in printing inks |
| Coating Industry | Solvent in various coating formulations |
| Chemical Intermediate | MEKP production, organic syntheses, pharmaceutical intermediates |
| Solvent Blends | Blended with other solvents to achieve specific solvency power |
| Surface Cleaning | Cleaning of electronic and precision parts |
APPLICATION AREAS EXPLANATION:
Paint and Varnish Solvent: MEK is one of the most commonly used solvents in the paint, varnish, and lacquer industry. Its fast evaporation rate ensures rapid drying of coatings and increases production efficiency. Its excellent solvency power ensures homogeneous dispersion of resins and pigments.
Adhesive and Resin Production: MEK is used as a solvent in adhesive and resin formulations. It adjusts the viscosity of adhesives, provides ease of application, and offers fast drying times.
Cleaning and Degreasing: MEK is an effective solvent in industrial cleaning and degreasing applications. It removes oil, grease, and dirt from metal surfaces; it is used in the cleaning of electronic parts.
Printing Inks: MEK is used as a solvent and carrier in printing inks. Fast evaporation provides rapid drying and high printing speeds in printing processes.
Chemical Intermediate: MEK is an important intermediate in the production of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP). MEKP is used as a hardener for polyester resins. It is also used in various organic syntheses and in the manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Flammable Liquid Category 2, Eye Irritation Category 2, STOT SE Category 3 |
| Signal Word | Danger |
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapor |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness |
| Oral LD50 (Rat) | ~2,700 mg/kg |
| Dermal LD50 (Rabbit) | >8,000 mg/kg |
| LC50 (Inhalation, Rat) | ~23,500 mg/m³ (8 hours) |
| Skin Irritation | Mildly irritating |
| Eye Irritation | Seriously irritating |
| Inhalation | Headache, dizziness, drowsiness |
| Chronic Effects | Prolonged exposure may cause liver and kidney damage |
| Mutagenicity | Negative |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Bioaccumulation | Low (Log P: 0.29) |
HEALTH AND SAFETY EXPLANATION:
MEK can have various adverse health effects. Inhalation may cause headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. Skin contact may cause irritation. Eye contact causes serious irritation. Prolonged exposure may cause liver and kidney damage.
Safety Precautions:
Inhalation: Avoid inhalation of vapors. Use in well-ventilated areas. Use respiratory protection if necessary.
Skin Contact: Avoid skin contact. Use protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene, or butyl rubber).
Eye Contact: Avoid eye contact. Use safety goggles or face shield. In case of contact, rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Ingestion: Do not ingest. Seek medical attention if swallowed. Do not induce vomiting.
PPE Recommendations: Safety goggles, nitrile/neoprene gloves, protective clothing, appropriate respiratory protection.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in cool, well-ventilated areas |
| Storage Temperature | 5-30°C |
| Protection | Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames |
| Container Requirements | Store in original, closed packaging |
| Materials to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, amines |
| Peroxide Control | Peroxide formation should be checked during long-term storage |
| Shelf Life | 12 months (under proper storage) |
| ADR/RID Classification | UN 1193, Class 3 (Flammable Liquid), Packing Group II |
| Packaging | Metal drums, IBC tanks, or suitable solvent containers |
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT EXPLANATION:
MEK should be stored in cool and well-ventilated areas. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Store in original, closed packaging. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and amines.
During long-term storage, peroxide formation may occur as a result of MEK exposure to air. Therefore, peroxide levels should be checked regularly, and stabilizers should be added to prevent peroxide formation. Contact with air should be minimized during storage.
Transport Classification:
UN Number: 1193
ADR/RID Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: II
Proper Shipping Name: ETHYL METHYL KETONE (METHYL ETHYL KETONE)
Packaging: MEK is shipped in metal drums, IBC tanks, or suitable solvent containers.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Highly flammable liquid and vapor |
| Flash Point | -6°C (Closed cup) |
| Autoignition Temperature | ~515°C |
| Explosion Limits | 1.4% – 11.4% (volume) |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | CO₂, dry chemical powder, alcohol foam, water spray |
| Special Hazards | Vapors are heavier than air; may accumulate at ground level and reach distant ignition sources |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products | CO, CO₂ |
| Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES EXPLANATION:
MEK is a highly flammable liquid (flash point -6°C). Its vapors are heavier than air and may accumulate at ground level, reaching distant ignition sources. In case of fire, use CO₂, dry chemical powder, alcohol foam, or water spray for extinguishing. Thermal decomposition produces CO and CO₂. Use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing during fire fighting.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Personal Protection | Wear appropriate PPE (safety goggles, gloves, protective clothing, respiratory protection) |
| Ventilation | Increase ventilation; evacuate area if necessary |
| Control | Stop leakage; contain to prevent liquid spread |
| Cleaning Methods | Absorb with inert absorbent material (sand, diatomite, sawdust); place in appropriate disposal container |
| Environmental Precautions | Prevent entry into drains, sewers, and water bodies |
| Waste Disposal | Dispose according to local regulations |
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES EXPLANATION:
In case of spillage, appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn (safety goggles, gloves, protective clothing, respiratory protection). The area should be ventilated and the liquid contained to prevent spread. Cleaning should be done by absorption with inert absorbent material (sand, diatomite, sawdust), and the spilled material placed in an appropriate disposal container. Environmental release (drains, sewers, water bodies) should be prevented. Waste should be disposed according to local regulations.
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move person to fresh air. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of water and soap; remove contaminated clothing. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek immediate medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention. |
FIRST AID MEASURES EXPLANATION:
Standard first aid measures apply for MEK exposure:
Inhalation: In case of vapor inhalation, move the person to fresh air. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove liquid from skin by washing with plenty of water and soap. Remove contaminated clothing. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes immediately. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| EU (REACH) | Registered / compliant |
| Türkiye (KKDİK) | Mandatory compliance; requires registration |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed |
| Canada (DSL) | Listed |
| Australia (AICS) | Listed |
| Japan (ENCS) | Listed |
| Korea (KECL) | Listed |
| China (IECSC) | Listed |
| ADR/RID | UN 1193, Class 3, Packing Group II |
REGULATORY INFORMATION EXPLANATION:
MEK is registered in all major industrial markets including the EU (REACH), USA (TSCA), Canada (DSL), Australia (AICS), Japan (ENCS), Korea (KECL), and China (IECSC). In Türkiye, it requires mandatory registration under KKDİK (Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals). It is classified under ADR/RID as UN 1193, Class 3 (Flammable Liquid), Packing Group II.
SUMMARY:
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK, CAS 78-93-3) is one of the most widely used industrial ketone solvents. It is a colorless, clear liquid with a characteristic sharp ketone odor. Its molecular weight is 72.11 g/mol, density is 0.805 g/cm³, boiling point is ~79°C, and flash point is -6°C (closed cup).
MEK is widely used in the paint, varnish, adhesive, resin, and printing ink industries due to its excellent solvency power, fast evaporation rate, and broad solubility range. It also serves as a chemical intermediate in MEKP production and various organic syntheses.
It is a highly flammable liquid (ADR Class 3, UN 1193). Inhalation may cause headache, dizziness, and drowsiness; it may cause skin and eye irritation; prolonged exposure may lead to liver and kidney damage. Store in cool, well-ventilated areas, away from heat and ignition sources. Peroxide formation should be checked during long-term storage.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) |
| CAS Number | 78-93-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₄H₈O |
| Molecular Weight | 72.11 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless, clear liquid |
| Odor | Sharp, characteristic ketone odor |
| Boiling Point | ~79°C |
| Melting Point | -86°C |
| Density (20°C) | 0.805 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | -6°C (Closed cup) |
| ADR/RID | UN 1193, Class 3, Packing Group II |
| Industry | Applications |
|---|---|
| Paint and Varnish | Solvent |
| Adhesive and Resin | Solvent, formulation |
| Cleaning | Industrial cleaning, degreasing |
| Printing | Printing inks |
| Coatings | Coating formulations |
| Chemical Synthesis | MEKP production, intermediate |
| Electronics | Precision parts cleaning |
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Flash point -6°C; keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames
HEALTH RISKS: Inhalation causes headache, dizziness, drowsiness; skin and eye irritation; prolonged exposure may cause liver/kidney damage
PPE: Safety goggles, nitrile/neoprene gloves, protective clothing, respiratory protection
STORAGE: Cool, well-ventilated; original closed packaging; peroxide control
INCOMPATIBLE: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, amines
ADR/RID: UN 1193, Class 3 (Flammable Liquid), Packing Group II
Highly Flammable: MEK is a highly flammable liquid with a flash point of -6°C. Its vapors are heavier than air and may accumulate at ground level, reaching distant ignition sources. Keep away from all ignition sources.
Peroxide Formation: MEK can oxidize over time upon exposure to air, forming explosive peroxides. During long-term storage, peroxide levels should be checked regularly, and stabilizers should be added to prevent peroxide formation.
Health Effects: Inhalation may cause headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. Skin contact may cause irritation. Eye contact causes serious irritation. Prolonged exposure may cause liver and kidney damage.
Broad Solubility Profile: MEK shows limited solubility in water but is miscible with many organic solvents. This broad solubility profile makes it a versatile solvent in formulation chemistry.
Chemical Intermediate: MEK is an important intermediate in the production of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP). MEKP is used as a hardener for polyester resins. It is also used in various organic syntheses and in the manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates.
Transport Classification: MEK is classified under ADR/RID as UN 1193, Class 3 (Flammable Liquid), Packing Group II. All flammable liquid regulations must be observed during transport.
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and is prepared based on available technical data. The information provided is believed to be accurate. However, the user is solely responsible for determining the product's suitability for their specific applications and for complying with all applicable local, national, and international regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are obligated to test the product in their own processes and applications. All occupational health and safety rules must be observed when working with MEK.