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Send EmailErythorbic Acid, D-Isomer Ascorbic Acid, Isoascorbic Acid, Erythorbate, D-Arabo Ascorbic Acid, 89-65-6
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Erythorbic Acid |
| Chemical Name | D-Isoascorbic acid, D-Erythorbic acid |
| CAS Number | 89-65-6 |
| EINECS Number | 201-766-0 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₈O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol |
| Other Names | D-Isomer Ascorbic Acid, Isoascorbic Acid, Erythorbate, D-Araboascorbic acid |
| Chemical Class | Organic acid (lactone containing carbonyl group) |
| Appearance | White or light yellow crystalline powder |
| Odor | Characteristic, slightly acidic odor |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (crystalline powder) |
Erythorbic acid is a stereoisomer of L-ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). Both molecules have the same chemical formula (C₆H₈O₆) but differ in the spatial arrangement of carbon atoms in the molecule. Erythorbic acid is the D-isomer of ascorbic acid and is therefore also called D-isoascorbic acid.
Structural Formula:
O
||
C
/ \
C C
/ \
C C
\ /
C - C
| |
OH OH
SMILES: OC1C(O)C(O)C(=O)C1=O
InChI Key: CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| Functional Group | Location | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Lactone Ring (C=O) | Within the molecule | Acidic property; antioxidant activity |
| Hydroxyl Groups (-OH) | Within the molecule | Provides water solubility; hydrogen bonding |
| Carbonyl Group (C=O) | Within the molecule | Participates in redox reactions |
| Property | Erythorbic Acid | Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Name | D-Isoascorbic Acid | L-Ascorbic Acid |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₈O₆ | C₆H₈O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol | 176.12 g/mol |
| Optical Activity | D-isomer (dextrorotatory) | L-isomer (levorotatory) |
| Antioxidant Activity | ~95% of ascorbic acid | Reference |
| Vitamin C Activity | ~5% | 100% |
| Taste | More acidic | Less acidic |
| Cost | Lower | Higher |
| Food Use | Common (meat, beverages) | Common (fruit, beverages) |
| Property | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White or light yellow crystalline powder | - |
| Odor | Characteristic, slightly acidic | - |
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol | - |
| Melting Point | ~164 °C (decomposes) | - |
| Density | ~1.65 g/cm³ | - |
| pH (1% solution) | 2.5 – 3.0 | Acidic |
| Water Solubility (25°C) | ~330 g/L | High; readily soluble |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Soluble | - |
| Solubility in Acetone | Slightly soluble | - |
| Solubility in Ether | Insoluble | - |
| Oxidation | Sensitive to oxygen and light | Rapidly oxidizes in air and light |
| Optical Rotation [α]²⁰D | +15° to +19° | - |
| Ash Content | ≤ 0.1% | - |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | - |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 3 ppm | - |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Stability | Stable under normal conditions |
| Conditions to Avoid | Light, air (oxygen), moisture, high temperature |
| Incompatible Materials | Strong oxidizing agents, heavy metals (Fe, Cu), alkaline solutions |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products | Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide |
| Hazardous Polymerization | Will not occur |
| Oxidation Products | Dehydroerythorbic acid, furan derivatives |
Erythorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant that prevents oxidation of foods by scavenging oxygen and free radicals. It acts as an electron donor in redox reactions.
Reaction Mechanism:
Erythorbic Acid (C₆H₈O₆) + [O] → Dehydroerythorbic Acid (C₆H₆O₆) + H₂O
(Reduced) (Oxidized)
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Oxygen Scavenging | Erythorbic acid consumes free oxygen in the environment |
| 2. Radical Neutralization | Neutralizes free radicals (radical scavenger) |
| 3. Metal Ion Chelation | Chelates pro-oxidant metal ions such as Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺ |
| 4. Regeneration | Oxidized form can be regenerated by other antioxidants (tocopherol) |
| Application | Function | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Prevents oxidation | Prevents loss of color, taste, and aroma in foods; similar to E300 |
| Preservative | Extends shelf life | Delays spoilage of foods |
| Color Stabilizer | Color preservation | Fruit juices, wines, fruit preserves |
| Flavor Stabilizer | Flavor preservation | Prevents flavor deterioration in beverages |
| Meat and Fish Products | Shelf life extender | Sausages, salami, pastrami, smoked fish; reduces nitrosamine formation |
| Fruit Juices and Beverages | Color and flavor stabilization | Orange juice, apple juice, fruit drinks |
| Wine Production | Oxidation prevention | Preserves wine color and aroma |
| Fruit Preserves | Color preservation | Jams, marmalades, compotes |
| Frozen Foods | Color preservation | Frozen fruits and vegetables |
| Dairy Products | Oxidation prevention | Cheese, yogurt, and similar products |
| Application | Function | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Excipient | Formulation component | Tablets, capsules, liquid formulations |
| Antioxidant Excipient | Stabilization | Prevents oxidative degradation of drugs |
| Iron Absorption Enhancer | Bioavailability | Enhances absorption in iron-containing preparations |
| Injection Solutions | Stabilization | Parenteral formulations |
| Application | Function | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Skin protection | Protection against free radicals |
| Skin Lightener | Reduces melanin synthesis | Skin brightening products |
| Formulation Stabilizer | Shelf life extension | Creams, lotions, serum formulations |
| Application | Function | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant Additive | Feed stabilization | Prevents oxidative degradation of feeds |
| Vitamin Stabilizer | Vitamin preservation | Maintains vitamin activity |
| Application | Recommended Dosage | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fruit Juice | 100 – 500 ppm (mg/kg) | - |
| Wine | 50 – 200 mg/L | - |
| Meat Products | 500 – 1000 mg/kg | - |
| Confectionery | 200 – 1000 ppm | - |
| Fatty Foods | 50 – 200 ppm | - |
| Pharmaceutical Formulations | 0.1 – 1.0% | - |
| Property | Erythorbic Acid | Ascorbic Acid |
|---|---|---|
| CAS No | 89-65-6 | 50-81-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₈O₆ | C₆H₈O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol | 176.12 g/mol |
| Stereoisomer | D-isomer | L-isomer |
| Antioxidant Activity | ~95% | Reference |
| Vitamin C Activity | ~5% | 100% |
| Optical Rotation | Dextrorotatory (+16° to +18°) | Levorotatory (+20° to +22°) |
| Taste | More acidic, bitter | Less acidic |
| Price | Less expensive | More expensive |
| Food Use | Common (meat, beverages) | Common (fruit, beverages) |
| Pharmaceutical Use | Limited | Extensive |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Flash Point | > 200 °C |
| Autoignition | Not applicable (not flammable) |
| Explosive Properties | Not explosive |
| Oxidizing Properties | Not oxidizing |
| Fire Extinguishing | Powder, foam, CO₂, water spray |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | > 5,000 mg/kg (low toxicity) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | > 2,000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | Mild irritant |
| Eye Irritation | Mild irritant |
| Inhalation | Dust inhalation may cause irritation |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified as a carcinogen |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) | 0 – 5 mg/kg body weight (JECFA) |
| FDA Status | GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) |
| E Number | E315 |
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Eye Irritation | Category 2 | H319: Causes serious eye irritation |
Signal Word: WARNING
Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)
Hazard Statements (H-Codes):
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust |
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations |
| Route of Exposure | Action to Be Taken |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing |
| Eye Contact | Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. If irritation persists, seek medical attention |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Light Protection | Protect from direct sunlight; store in light-resistant packaging |
| Moisture Protection | Keep away from moisture; use moisture-proof packaging |
| Oxygen Protection | Minimize air contact; inert gas storage recommended |
| Packaging | Store in original packaging; reseal tightly after opening |
| Shelf Life | 2 years under proper storage conditions |
| Stability Note | Light, oxygen, moisture, and high temperature accelerate activity loss |
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| Kraft Bag | 25 kg | PE-lined kraft paper bag |
| Fiber Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | PE-lined fiber drum |
| Plastic Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | PE/HDPE drum |
| Aluminum Foil Bag | 1 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg | Aluminum foil laminated bag |
| Big-Bag | 500 kg, 1000 kg | PE-lined PP woven bag |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not applicable (not dangerous goods) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG | Not regulated |
| IATA | Not regulated |
| Transport Temperature | Ambient; protect from moisture, heat, and light |
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| USA (FDA) | GRAS; 21 CFR 182.3041 |
| European Union (EFSA) | Approved as a food additive (E315) |
| Turkey | Approved as a food additive |
| JECFA | Evaluated; ADI = 0-5 mg/kg |
| FDA 21 CFR 117 | Compliant |
| EU 1333/2008 | Compliant |
| Kosher/Halal | Available (grade dependent) |
| IARC | Not classified as a carcinogen |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Aquatic Toxicity | Low toxicity |
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable |
| Bioaccumulation | Not expected |
| Environmental Precautions | Avoid large releases into water bodies |
D-Isoascorbic Acid
Isoascorbic Acid
D-Araboascorbic acid
Erythorbate
2,3-Didehydro-1,4-lactone
D-Ascorbic acid
E315 (Food additive code)
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 89-65-6 |
| EINECS Number | 201-766-0 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₈O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol |
| Appearance | White or light yellow crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | ~164 °C |
| pH (1% solution) | 2.5 – 3.0 |
| Water Solubility | ~330 g/L (25°C) |
| E Number | E315 |
| ADI | 0-5 mg/kg (JECFA) |
| FDA Status | GRAS |
| GHS Signal Word | WARNING |
| UN Number | Not applicable |
| Shelf Life | 2 years (under proper storage) |
Light and Oxygen Sensitivity: Erythorbic acid is sensitive to light and oxygen. After opening, minimize air contact and store in light-resistant containers.
Moisture Sensitivity: Caking and degradation may occur in humid environments. Store in moisture-proof packaging.
Metal Ions: Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) ions catalyze the oxidation of erythorbic acid. Avoid contact with metal containers.
Dosage Attention: High dosages may cause undesirable taste deterioration and increased acidity. Dosage should be optimized for each product.
High Temperature: High temperatures accelerate the degradation of erythorbic acid. Pay attention to processing and storage temperatures.
Confusion with Ascorbic Acid: Erythorbic acid has the same molecular formula as ascorbic acid but is a different stereoisomer. It has low vitamin C activity; therefore, it should not be used as a vitamin supplement.
Food Applications:
Check solubility before use
Dissolve in water or suitable solvent
Keep processing temperature as low as possible
Minimize oxygen presence (vacuum, inert gas)
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
Protect from direct sunlight
Keep away from moisture; use moisture-proof packaging
Store in original packaging
Reseal opened packages tightly
Handling:
Use dust mask, protective goggles, and gloves
Avoid dust formation
Use in well-ventilated areas
Wash hands after handling
Testing:
Conduct trial runs before application
Determine optimal dosage
Monitor product quality and shelf life
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and is prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific application and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, waste, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Dosage and application conditions should be optimized through product-specific trials.