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Send EmailDimethyl Formamide, DMF, 68-12-2
Chemical Identity
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Names: Dimethylformamide, DMF
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CAS No: 68-12-2
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EINECS No: 200-679-5
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Molecular Weight: 73.095 g/mol
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Chemical Formula: C₃H₇NO
Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless liquid (sometimes described as white liquid) |
| Odor | Odorless; may develop a fish-like odor upon standing due to impurities |
| Density | 0.948 g/cm³ |
| Boiling Point | 153 °C |
| Melting Point | -78 °C |
| Flash Point | 58 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 516 Pa |
| Refractive Index | 1.4305 nD |
| Solubility (in water) | Completely miscible |
General Characteristics
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Polar, aprotic solvent with a high boiling point.
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Miscible with water and most organic solvents.
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Facilitates polar mechanisms such as SN2 reactions.
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Derived from formamide, amide, and formic acid.
Production Methods
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Industrial synthesis via methyl formate + dimethylamine.
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Alternative route: dimethylamine + carbon monoxide reaction.
Applications
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Textiles & Plastics: Solvent in acrylic fiber and plastic production.
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Pharmaceuticals: Used in drug synthesis and formulation.
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Agrochemicals: Solvent in pesticide manufacturing.
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Synthetic materials: Production of synthetic leather, adhesives, fibers, and coating films.
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Paints & Paint Removers: Widely used as a solvent.
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Industrial Chemistry: Intermediate and catalyst in various reactions.
Safety & Toxicity
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Flammability: Combustible; avoid open flames and high temperatures.
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Health Hazards:
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Irritant to eyes and skin; easily absorbed through skin.
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Potential liver damage.
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Symptoms of exposure: abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, dizziness, skin disorders, alcohol intolerance.
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