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Send EmailTocopheryl Succinate, D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate, Vitamin E Succinate, Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate, 4345-03-3
D-ALPHA-TOCOPHERYL SUCCINATE (VITAMIN E SUCCINATE)
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate |
| Chemical Name | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | D-alfa-Tokoferil Süksinat, E Vitamini Süksinat, Tokoferil Süksinat |
| Synonyms (English) | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate, Vitamin E Succinate, Tocopheryl Succinate, Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate |
| CAS Number | 4345-03-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₃H₅₄O₅ |
| Molecular Weight | ~530.8 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder or granules |
| Odor | Odorless or mild characteristic odor |
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate
Alpha-Tocopherol — O — C(=O) — CH₂ — CH₂ — C(=O) — OH
Molecular Formula: C₃₃H₅₄O₅
Structure: Succinate ester of D-alpha-tocopherol; Vitamin E derivative with a succinic acid moiety; Stable, long shelf-life form of vitamin E; Hydrolyzed in the body to release active alpha-tocopherol.
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate |
| Chemical Name | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | D-alfa-Tokoferil Süksinat, E Vitamini Süksinat, Tokoferil Süksinat |
| Synonyms (English) | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate, Vitamin E Succinate, Tocopheryl Succinate, Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate |
| CAS Number | 4345-03-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₃H₅₄O₅ |
| Molecular Weight | ~530.8 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Fat-soluble vitamin; Tocopherol ester; Succinate ester; Antioxidant |
| Source | Natural (from D-alpha-tocopherol) |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (powder or granules) |
| Odor | Odorless or mild characteristic odor |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Taste | Mild, characteristic |
| Biological Activity | 100% (after hydrolysis in the body) |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white powder or granules | Visual |
| Odor | Odorless or mild characteristic odor | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | ~530.8 g/mol | Calculated |
| Density (20°C) | ~1.0 g/cm³ (typical) | ASTM D4052 |
| Melting Point | ~76 – 78°C | DSC |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes | – |
| Solubility in Water | Insoluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Fats/Oils | Soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Acetone | Soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Chloroform | Soluble | General Method |
| pH | Neutral | – |
| Stability | High (stable ester form; resistant to oxidation) | – |
| Antioxidant Activity | High (after hydrolysis) | – |
| Optical Rotation | +24° to +28° (specific) | Polarimetry |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Sulfated Ash | ≤ 0.1% | Gravimetric |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 2.0% | Gravimetric (105°C) |
| Assay (D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate) | ≥ 96.0% – 102.0% | HPLC / Titrimetric |
SECTION 3: VITAMIN E ESTER COMPARISON
| Property | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate | D-alpha-Tocopherol |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 4345-03-3 | 58-95-7 | 59-02-9 |
| Form | Succinate ester | Acetate ester | Free alcohol |
| Physical State | Solid (powder) | Liquid (oil) | Liquid (oil) |
| Stability | Very high | High | Low |
| Shelf Life | Very long | Long | Short |
| Solubility | Fat-soluble | Fat-soluble | Fat-soluble |
| Biological Activity | 100% (after hydrolysis) | 100% (after hydrolysis) | 100% (immediate) |
| Primary Use | Pharmaceuticals, supplements | Cosmetics, food, supplements | High-purity formulations |
| Hydrolysis Required | Yes | Yes | No |
SECTION 4: MECHANISM OF ACTION
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Antioxidant | After hydrolysis to free tocopherol, neutralizes free radicals; Protects cell membranes from oxidative damage; Prevents lipid peroxidation |
| Stabilized Form | The succinate ester protects the phenolic hydroxyl group; Very stable against oxidation; Longer shelf life compared to free tocopherol |
| Hydrolysis | Hydrolyzed in the body (intestine or tissues) to release active D-alpha-tocopherol; Enzymatic cleavage of the ester bond |
| Free Radical Scavenger | Free alpha-tocopherol donates hydrogen to free radicals; Breaks lipid peroxidation chain reaction |
| Cell Membrane Protection | Stabilizes cell membranes; Protects against oxidative damage; Maintains membrane fluidity |
| Skin Protection | Protects skin from UV damage; Prevents premature aging; Supports collagen production |
| Bioavailability | Bioequivalent to free tocopherol after hydrolysis; Absorbed in the small intestine; Transported via lipoproteins |
SECTION 5: PRODUCTION PROCESS
Method 1: Esterification of D-alpha-Tocopherol
Reaction: D-alpha-Tocopherol + Succinic Anhydride → D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate
Description: Natural D-alpha-tocopherol (from vegetable oils) is reacted with succinic anhydride; The phenolic hydroxyl group is esterified with succinic acid; The product is purified by crystallization; Yields white to off-white powder.
Method 2: Natural Extraction and Esterification
Process: Vegetable oils → Extraction → Purification → Esterification with succinic anhydride → D-alpha-tocopheryl succinate
Description: Natural tocopherols are extracted from vegetable oils; Purified by molecular distillation; Esterified with succinic anhydride; Crystallized and dried.
SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Stable Vitamin E Source | Very stable ester form; Long shelf life; Resistant to oxidation; Solid form for easy handling |
| Nutritional Supplement | Provides essential vitamin E; Supports immune function; Protects against oxidative stress; Daily requirement: 15 mg/day |
| Pharmaceutical Ingredient | Active ingredient in supplements; Antioxidant therapy; Neuroprotective agent; Cardiovascular support |
| Antioxidant | Prevents oxidation of fats and oils; Protects cell membranes; Prevents lipid peroxidation |
| Solid Form | Powder or granules; Easy to handle; Suitable for dry formulations; Tablet and capsule applications |
| Bioequivalent | Provides same biological activity as free tocopherol after hydrolysis |
SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS
| Industry / Application | Function | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical | Vitamin source, antioxidant | Vitamin E supplements; Multivitamin formulations; Antioxidant therapy; Neuroprotective formulations |
| Food Supplements | Vitamin source | Vitamin E supplements; Multivitamin tablets; Capsules; Powder blends |
| Cosmetics | Anti-aging, skin protector | Creams, lotions, serums; Anti-aging products; Skin care formulations |
| Animal Feed | Vitamin source, antioxidant | Poultry, swine, cattle feed; Pet food; Fish feed |
| Baby Food | Vitamin source | Infant formulas; Baby foods; Pediatric nutrition |
| Functional Foods | Antioxidant, vitamin source | Fortified foods; Health drinks; Energy bars |
SECTION 8: SAMPLE FORMULATIONS
Vitamin E Supplement (Tablet, 400 IU):
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate | 400 IU |
| Excipients (Starch, MCC, Lubricants) | As required |
| Tablet | 1 tablet |
Instructions: Blend D-alpha-tocopheryl succinate with excipients; Compress into tablets; Standard packaging.
Multivitamin Tablet (1000 tablets):
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate | 400 IU |
| Other Vitamins (A, C, B-complex, etc.) | As required |
| Minerals (Zinc, Selenium, etc.) | As required |
| Excipients | As required |
Cosmetic Cream (100 g):
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate | 0.5 – 2.0 g |
| Emulsifiers | As required |
| Oils (Carrier) | As required |
| Water | To 100 g |
| Preservatives | As required |
Instructions: Dissolve D-alpha-tocopheryl succinate in oil phase; Emulsify with water phase; Cool with mixing; Add preservatives.
SECTION 9: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Pharmaceutical Grade | Food Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white powder/granules | White to off-white powder/granules | Visual |
| Assay (D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate) | 96.0 – 102.0% | ≥ 96.0% | HPLC / Titrimetric |
| Specific Rotation | +24° to +28° | +24° to +28° | Polarimetry |
| Melting Point | 76 – 78°C | 76 – 78°C | DSC |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 2.0% | ≤ 2.0% | Gravimetric |
| Sulfated Ash | ≤ 0.1% | ≤ 0.1% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Related Substances | ≤ 2.5% | ≤ 3.0% | HPLC |
| Particle Size | Customer requirement | Customer requirement | Sieve / Laser |
SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | > 10,000 mg/kg (practically non-toxic) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Non-irritating |
| Skin Irritation | Non-irritating |
| Eye Irritation | May cause mild irritation |
| Chronic Toxicity | Non-toxic; FDA GRAS status |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified as carcinogenic |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | No reproductive toxicity at normal levels |
| Allergenicity | Not a common allergen |
| Acceptable Daily Intake | 0.15 – 2.0 mg/kg body weight (as vitamin E) |
| Upper Limit (Adult) | 1,000 mg/day |
| Special Toxicity Note | Generally safe; High doses (>1,000 mg/day) may increase bleeding risk (anticoagulant effect); Caution with warfarin/coumarin users; Safe for human consumption; FDA GRAS; Stable ester form |
SECTION 11: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Not classified as hazardous | – | – |
SIGNAL WORD: NONE (not classified as hazardous)
Hazard Pictograms: NONE
Hazard Statements (H-Codes): Not classified as hazardous under GHS regulations.
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 0 | - |
| (Slight health hazard – dust) | (Combustible – dust may form explosive mixture) | (Stable) | (None) |
SECTION 12: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray |
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P271 | Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P304+P340 | IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P312 | Call a POISON CENTER/doctor if you feel unwell |
| P332+P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P362+P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
SECTION 13: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action to Take |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air immediately. If respiratory irritation develops (dust inhalation), seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. If irritation persists, get medical attention. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Generally non-toxic. If large quantities are ingested and symptoms occur, seek medical attention. |
SECTION 14: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Combustible organic material. Dust cloud may form explosive mixture with air (if finely dispersed). |
| Hazards Arising from Fire | Thermal decomposition produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam. |
| Unsuitable Extinguishing Media | Water jet (may spread dust) |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing (for surrounding fire). |
| Special Precautions | Prevent dust from entering sewers and waterways. Avoid dust cloud formation. |
SECTION 15: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM LIGHT and HEAT; Keep away from direct sunlight and high temperatures; Store in tightly closed containers. |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, light-proof, moisture-proof containers (aluminum foil-lined bags, HDPE drums, amber glass). |
| Materials to Protect From | Light, heat, strong oxidizing agents, moisture |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 48 months (in unopened original packaging, under proper storage conditions). |
| Stability Note | Very stable; More stable than free tocopherol and acetate ester; Keep container tightly closed; Protect from excessive heat and light. |
| Special Storage Requirements | Store in a dark, cool, dry place; Avoid exposure to air and light; Opened containers must be resealed immediately. |
SECTION 16: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-layer Paper Bag | 10 kg, 20 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined kraft paper bag (moisture-proof) |
| Plastic Bag | 5 kg, 10 kg, 25 kg | PE bag (inner-lined, sealed, moisture-proof) |
| Fiber Drum | 20 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined fiberboard drum |
| Plastic Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | HDPE / Polypropylene (moisture-proof) |
| Aluminum Foil Bag | 1 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg | Aluminum foil laminated bag (light and moisture-proof) |
| FIBC / Big Bag | 500 kg, 1000 kg | PE-lined, moisture-resistant PP woven bag |
SECTION 17: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG Code | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| IATA (Air) | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| Transport Temperature | Ambient temperature; Protect from moisture and light. |
SECTION 18: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Food ingredient approved; Dietary supplement; Pharmaceutical excipient; Not classified as hazardous |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed (TSCA Inventory) |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe); Dietary supplement; Food additive |
| Turkey | Food ingredient; Dietary supplement; Subject to KKDIK regulation |
| IARC | Not classified (non-toxic, non-carcinogenic) |
| NTP | Not listed |
| OSHA | Not regulated as toxic or carcinogenic substance |
| California (Prop 65) | Not listed |
| USP/NF | Listed as pharmaceutical ingredient |
| Halal | Yes (with certification) |
| Kosher | Yes (with certification) |
| Vegan | Yes |
SECTION 19: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | D-alfa-Tokoferil Süksinat, E Vitamini Süksinat, Tokoferil Süksinat |
| English Names | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate, Vitamin E Succinate, Tocopheryl Succinate, Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate |
| Chemical Names | D-alpha-Tocopheryl hydrogen succinate; D-alpha-Tocopherol succinate; 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)chroman-6-yl succinate |
| CAS Number | 4345-03-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₃H₅₄O₅ |
| HS Code | 2936.28 |
| Synonyms | D-alpha-Tocopheryl acid succinate, Vitamin E succinate, Tocopheryl succinate |
SECTION 20: SUMMARY TABLE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate |
| CAS Number | 4345-03-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₃H₅₄O₅ |
| Molecular Weight | ~530.8 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder or granules |
| Melting Point | 76 – 78°C |
| Primary Function | Vitamin E source, antioxidant |
| Main Application Areas | Pharmaceuticals, food supplements, cosmetics, animal feed |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 48 months |
| GHS Signal Word | NONE (not classified as hazardous) |
| UN Number | Not regulated |
| Special Properties | Solid form; Very stable; Long shelf life; Hydrolyzed to active form in the body; FDA GRAS |
SECTION 21: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
Not classified as hazardous under GHS. Non-toxic, non-carcinogenic. FDA GRAS status.
Very stable form of vitamin E – more stable than free tocopherol and acetate ester; Long shelf life.
Solid form – easy to handle; Suitable for dry formulations (tablets, capsules, powders).
Hydrolyzed in the body – succinate ester is cleaved to release active D-alpha-tocopherol.
Fat-soluble vitamin – best absorbed with fats/oils; Take with meals containing fat.
High doses (>1,000 mg/day) – may increase bleeding risk (anticoagulant effect); Caution with warfarin/coumarin users.
Dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Use appropriate dust control measures.
Combustible (organic material). Keep away from open flames and high heat. Dust cloud may form explosive mixture.
Light and heat sensitive – store in tightly closed, light-proof containers; Protect from direct sunlight and high temperatures.
Essential nutrient – required for human health; Daily requirement: 15 mg/day.
Not a common allergen – suitable for most individuals.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
Pharmaceutical: Use as stable vitamin E source in tablets and capsules; Dosage 100-1000 IU per serving; Blend with excipients for tablet compression; Fill into capsules with carrier oil or powder.
Food Supplements: Use as vitamin E source in multivitamin formulations; Solid form suitable for dry blends; Dosage according to formulation; Follow recommended daily intake (15 mg/day).
Cosmetics: Use as anti-aging and skin protector; Creams, lotions, serums; Dosage 0.5-2.0%; Dissolve in oil phase; Protects skin from UV damage; Prevents premature aging.
Animal Feed: Use as vitamin E source and antioxidant; Poultry, swine, cattle feed; Dosage 10-100 g/ton; Improves meat quality; Supports animal health.
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles.
Personal Protective Equipment: Dust mask (N95/FFP2 or higher), safety goggles, protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene). Not required for solution handling.
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using.
Storage: Store in tightly closed, light-proof, moisture-proof containers; Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from light, heat, and moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 24-48 months under proper conditions.
Spill Management: Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways.
Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Non-hazardous waste; Biodegradable; Can be disposed of in compliance with regulations.
VITAMIN E ESTERS COMPARISON (SUMMARY):
| Property | Succinate | Acetate | Free Tocopherol |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS | 4345-03-3 | 58-95-7 | 59-02-9 |
| Form | Solid (powder) | Liquid (oil) | Liquid (oil) |
| Stability | Very high | High | Low |
| Shelf Life | Very long | Long | Short |
| Handling | Easy (powder) | Moderate (liquid) | Difficult (liquid, sensitive) |
| Primary Use | Pharmaceuticals, tablets | Cosmetics, food, liquids | High-purity formulations |
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.