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Send EmailPotassium Pyrophosphate, Tetrapotassium Diphosphate, E450(v), TKPP, KTPP, 230-785-7
| Property | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate |
| Abbreviations | TKPP, KTPP (Note: both refer to the same compound) |
| Other Names | Potassium pyrophosphate, Tetrapotassium diphosphate, Diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt |
| Chemical Formula | K₄P₂O₇ |
| Molecular Weight | 330.33 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 7320-34-5 |
| EINECS Number | 230-785-7 |
| Food Additive Code | E450(v) |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder or granules |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White, hygroscopic crystalline powder or granules |
| Melting Point | 1,090 °C (decomposes) |
| Density (20°C) | Approx. 2.33 g/cm³ |
| pH (1% aqueous solution, 20°C) | 10.0 – 10.8 (alkaline) |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | Very high (>200 g/L – freely soluble) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in ethanol |
| Hygroscopicity | Hygroscopic – absorbs moisture from air |
| Storage Stability | Stable under dry conditions; decomposes in strong acids |
| Type / Grade | Description |
|---|---|
| Food Grade (E450(v)) | FCC compliant; used as emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant in food |
| Industrial Grade | For detergents, water treatment, metal cleaning |
| Technical Grade | For textile, ceramic, and industrial cleaning applications |
| TKPP 60% Solution | Liquid form for convenient use in industrial processes |
High Solubility: Extremely high water solubility – much higher than sodium pyrophosphate.
Strong Alkaline: Aqueous solutions are strongly alkaline (pH 10.0–10.8).
Chelating / Sequestrant: Effectively binds calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), and other metal ions.
Dispersant: Precribes particle aggregation; keeps solids suspended.
Emulsifier: Stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions.
Hygroscopic: Absorbs moisture from humid air; tends to cake. Must be stored in airtight, dry containers.
Buffer: Maintains stable pH in formulations.
Incompatibility: Reacts with strong acids (releases phosphoric acid); incompatible with strong oxidizers.
| Industry | Application |
|---|---|
| Food Industry (E450(v)) | Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant, moisture retention agent; used in processed meats, cheeses, seafood, baked goods, beverages |
| Detergents & Cleaning | Water softener (sequesters Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺); builder in liquid and powder detergents; industrial cleaners |
| Toothpaste | Anti-tartar / anti-calculus agent; prevents calcium phosphate crystal formation on teeth |
| Textile Industry | Chelating agent for hard water in dyeing and washing processes; dispersant |
| Ceramics | Deflocculant for ceramic slurries; viscosity control |
| Metal Treatment | Surface cleaning and degreasing; corrosion inhibitor |
| Water Treatment | Scale inhibitor; hardness stabilization |
| Oil & Gas | Drilling fluid additive; scale control |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| E Number | E450(v) (Tetrapotassium diphosphate) |
| Function Class | Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant, acidity regulator, raising agent |
| Typical Usage Levels | 1 – 5 g/kg depending on application |
| Maximum Usage (EU) | Quantum satis (GMP) for most applications; specific limits for certain products |
| Label Declaration | "Potassium pyrophosphate" or "E450(v)" |
Common Food Applications:
Processed meat and poultry products (water retention)
Processed cheese (emulsification)
Canned seafood and crustaceans (texture preservation)
Bakery products (leavening agent component)
Powdered beverage mixes (sequestrant)
Raw Materials:
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) or Potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃)
Production Steps:
| Step | Conditions / Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Neutralization | Phosphoric acid is neutralized with KOH or K₂CO₃ to form dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄) |
| 2. Concentration | Solution is concentrated by evaporation |
| 3. Calcination (Condensation) | K₂HPO₄ is heated to 300–500 °C to drive off water and form tetrapotassium pyrophosphate: 2 K₂HPO₄ → K₄P₂O₇ + H₂O |
| 4. Cooling & Milling | Product is cooled, milled to desired particle size, and packaged |
| Hazard Class | Status |
|---|---|
| Skin Irritation | Category 3 (mild irritation) |
| Eye Irritation | Category 2A (serious eye irritation) |
| Specific Target Organ Toxicity (single exposure) | Not classified |
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation (dust) |
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Oral LD50 (rat) | > 2,000 mg/kg (low toxicity) |
| Dermal LD50 (rabbit) | > 4,640 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | Mild irritant |
| Eye Irritation | Serious eye irritant (can cause conjunctivitis) |
| Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of water and soap. Remove contaminated clothing. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. |
| Property | Information |
|---|---|
| Packaging | 25 kg multi-layer paper bags with PE liner, PP woven bags, or FIBC (big bags), palletized |
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse; protect from moisture and humidity (hygroscopic) |
| Incompatible Materials | Strong acids (reaction), strong oxidizers |
| Shelf Life | 24 months when stored in original unopened packaging under recommended conditions |
| Transport Classification | Not classified as dangerous goods for transport |
| UN Number | Not applicable |
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate | Full chemical name (IUPAC preferred) |
| TKPP | Most common industrial abbreviation |
| KTPP | Alternative abbreviation (used interchangeably) |
| Potassium pyrophosphate | Shortened name |
| Tetrapotassium diphosphate | Alternative systematic name |
| Diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt | IUPAC systematic name |
| E450(v) | European food additive code |
| Kaliumpyrophosphat | German name |
Database Identifiers:
CAS: 7320-34-5
EINECS: 230-785-7
MDL: MFCD00011393
RTECS: JL6739500
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Authorized as food additive E450(v) under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008; REACH registered |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) for specified uses; 21 CFR §182.5434 (Potassium pyrophosphate) |
| Turkey | Compliant with Turkish Food Codex (TGK) Additives Regulation |
| China | Permitted under GB 2760 standard |
| Japan | Permitted as food additive |
| JECFA | Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): Not specified (MTDI 70 mg/kg bw as phosphorus from all sources) |
| Property | TKPP (Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate) | KTPP (Potassium Tripolyphosphate) |
|---|---|---|
| Formula | K₄P₂O₇ | K₅P₃O₁₀ |
| CAS Number | 7320-34-5 | 13845-36-8 |
| Molecular Weight | 330.33 g/mol | 448.42 g/mol |
| P₂O₅ Content | ~43% | ~46% |
| pH (1% solution) | 10.0 – 10.8 | 9.6 – 10.2 |
| Primary Use | Detergents, toothpaste, food emulsifier | Low-sodium formulations, paints, seafood |
| E Number | E450(v) | E450 (as tripolyphosphate) |
TKPP (Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, K₄P₂O₇, CAS 7320-34-5) is a highly soluble, alkaline potassium phosphate salt.
KTPP and TKPP are used interchangeably as abbreviations for Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
Do not confuse with Potassium Tripolyphosphate (K₅P₃O₁₀, CAS 13845-36-8) – these are different compounds with different formulas and CAS numbers.
TKPP is widely used as a:
Water softener in detergents
Anti-tartar agent in toothpaste
Emulsifier and sequestrant in food (E450(v))
Dispersant and deflocculant in ceramics and textiles
Hygroscopic – must be stored in dry, airtight packaging.
Important: This TDS is exclusively for Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP / KTPP, CAS 7320-34-5, K₄P₂O₇) . Do not confuse with Potassium Tripolyphosphate (CAS 13845-36-8, K₅P₃O₁₀) . For emergencies or a detailed Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), contact the manufacturer/supplier.