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Send EmailZinc Carbonate, Zinc Monocarbonate, Zinc Carbonate Basic, 3486-35-9
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Zinc Carbonate |
| Chemical Name | Zinc Carbonate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Çinko Karbonat, Çinko Karbonat Tuzu, Bazik Çinko Karbonat |
| Synonyms (English) | Zinc Carbonate, Zinc Monocarbonate, Zinc Carbonate Basic, Zinc Spar, Smithsonite |
| CAS Number | 3486-35-9 |
| EC Number | 222-477-6 |
| Molecular Formula | ZnCO₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 125.39 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to light gray powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
Zinc Carbonate Structure:
O
||
Zn²⁺ [O—C—O⁻]
Structure Description:
Inorganic salt formed by zinc cation (Zn²⁺) and carbonate anion (CO₃²⁻).
White to light gray, odorless powder.
Insoluble in water; soluble in acids.
Decomposes upon heating to zinc oxide (ZnO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Occurs naturally as the mineral smithsonite.
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Zinc Carbonate |
| Chemical Name | Zinc Carbonate |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Çinko Karbonat, Çinko Karbonat Tuzu, Bazik Çinko Karbonat |
| Synonyms (English) | Zinc Carbonate, Zinc Monocarbonate, Zinc Carbonate Basic, Zinc Spar, Smithsonite |
| CAS Number | 3486-35-9 |
| EC Number | 222-477-6 |
| Molecular Formula | ZnCO₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 125.39 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Inorganic salt; Carbonate; Zinc compound |
| Source | Natural (smithsonite mineral) or synthetic |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (powder) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Color | White to light gray |
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to light gray powder | Visual |
| Odor | Odorless | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | 125.39 g/mol | Calculated |
| Density | ~4.4 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 |
| Melting Point | Decomposes (to ZnO + CO₂) | DSC |
| Decomposition Temperature | ~300 – 500°C (depends on grade) | – |
| Solubility in Water | Insoluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Acids | Soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Ammonia | Soluble | General Method |
| pH (Suspension) | ~6.5 – 7.5 (neutral) | pH Meter |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions | – |
| Zinc Content | ~52.0 – 57.0% | AAS / ICP |
| Loss on Ignition | ~35.0 – 36.0% (CO₂) | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.05% | AAS / ICP |
| Chloride (Cl) | ≤ 0.01% | Titrimetric |
| Sulfate (SO₄) | ≤ 0.01% | Gravimetric |
| Assay (ZnCO₃) | ≥ 98.0% | Titrimetric / ICP |
| Property | Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO₃) | Zinc Oxide (ZnO) | Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO₄) | Zinc Chloride (ZnCl₂) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 3486-35-9 | 1314-13-2 | 7733-02-0 | 7646-85-7 |
| Molecular Weight | 125.39 g/mol | 81.38 g/mol | 161.47 g/mol | 136.30 g/mol |
| Zinc Content | ~52-57% | ~80% | ~40% | ~48% |
| Solubility in Water | Insoluble | Insoluble | Soluble | Highly soluble |
| Solubility in Acids | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble |
| Decomposition | ZnO + CO₂ | Stable | Stable | Stable |
| pH (1% Solution) | ~6.5-7.5 | ~7.0-8.0 | ~5.0-6.5 | ~4.0-5.0 |
| Primary Use | Rubber, cosmetics, pigments | Rubber, ceramics, sunscreen | Fertilizer, medicine | Flux, disinfectant |
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Rubber Vulcanization Activator | Acts as an activator in sulfur vulcanization; Decomposes to ZnO during vulcanization; Promotes cross-linking of rubber polymers; Improves mechanical properties of rubber. |
| Filler Material | Used as a reinforcing filler in rubber compounds; Improves abrasion resistance; Enhances tensile strength; Provides dimensional stability. |
| Pigment / Opacifier | White pigment in coatings and paints; Provides opacity and whiteness; Used in cosmetic formulations (opacifying agent). |
| Catalyst Precursor | Precursor for zinc oxide catalyst production; Used in chemical synthesis; Decomposes to ZnO upon heating. |
| Nutrient Source | Provides zinc for plant growth; Used in agriculture as a micronutrient source; Corrects zinc deficiencies in crops. |
| Heat Decomposition | Decomposes upon heating: ZnCO₃ → ZnO + CO₂; Used as a source of zinc oxide in various applications. |
Industrial Production Methods:
Method 1: Precipitation from Zinc Salts
Process Flow:
Zinc Sulfate / Zinc Chloride Solution + Sodium Carbonate / Sodium Bicarbonate → Precipitation → Filtration → Washing → Drying → Milling → Final Product
Reaction: ZnSO₄ + Na₂CO₃ → ZnCO₃ + Na₂SO₄
Description: A soluble zinc salt (e.g., zinc sulfate or zinc chloride) is reacted with sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate in aqueous solution. Zinc carbonate precipitates out of solution. The precipitate is filtered, washed, dried, and milled to obtain the final product.
Method 2: Direct Carbonation of Zinc Oxide
Process Flow:
Zinc Oxide + Carbon Dioxide → Zinc Carbonate → Filtration → Drying → Final Product
Description: Zinc oxide is reacted with carbon dioxide under controlled conditions to form zinc carbonate.
Method 3: Natural Mineral Extraction
Process Flow:
Smithsonite Ore → Mining → Crushing → Grinding → Purification → Final Product
Description: Natural smithsonite ore is mined, crushed, ground, and purified to obtain zinc carbonate.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Vulcanization Activator | Activates sulfur vulcanization in rubber compounds; Improves cross-linking efficiency; Enhances mechanical properties of rubber products. |
| Filler/Reinforcing Agent | Provides reinforcement in rubber and plastics; Improves abrasion resistance; Enhances tensile strength and tear resistance. |
| Opacifier | Provides opacity in paints, coatings, and cosmetics; White pigment in formulations; Improves coverage and whiteness. |
| Catalyst Precursor | Precursor for zinc oxide catalysts; Decomposes to ZnO upon heating; Used in chemical synthesis. |
| Micronutrient Source | Provides zinc for plant growth; Used in agricultural formulations; Corrects zinc deficiencies. |
| Thermal Decomposition | Decomposes to ZnO and CO₂; Used as a source of ZnO; Releases CO₂ upon heating. |
| Industry / Application | Function | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|
| Rubber Industry | Vulcanization activator, filler, reinforcing agent | Rubber tires, hoses, belts, shoe soles, seals, gaskets; Dosage: 2 – 10 phr (parts per hundred rubber). |
| Cosmetics | Opacifier, pigment, filler | Skin care products, creams, lotions, powders, sunscreens, makeup; Dosage: 0.5 – 5%. |
| Paints & Coatings | Pigment, opacifier | White paints, primers, coatings; Improves opacity and whiteness; Dosage: 5 – 15%. |
| Ceramics & Glass | Filler, flux | Ceramic glazes, glass formulations; Improves thermal properties. |
| Agriculture | Micronutrient fertilizer | Zinc deficiency correction; Soil and foliar applications; Dosage: 5 – 20 kg/ha. |
| Chemical Industry | Catalyst precursor, intermediate | Production of zinc oxide catalysts; Chemical synthesis; Zinc compound production. |
| Animal Feed | Mineral supplement | Livestock and poultry feed; Zinc supplementation; Dosage: 50 – 200 ppm. |
Rubber Compound (Vulcanization Activator):
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Zinc Carbonate | 2 – 10 phr |
| Rubber (Natural/Synthetic) | 100 phr |
| Sulfur | 1 – 3 phr |
| Accelerators | As required |
| Other Fillers (Carbon Black, Silica) | As required |
Instructions: Mix zinc carbonate with rubber and other ingredients during compounding; Vulcanize at appropriate temperature and pressure.
Cosmetic Cream (Opacifier):
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Zinc Carbonate | 0.5 – 5% |
| Emulsifiers | As required |
| Oils (Carrier) | As required |
| Water | To 100% |
| Preservatives, Fragrance | As required |
Instructions: Disperse zinc carbonate in the oil phase or water phase; Mix with other ingredients; Homogenize; Cool with mixing.
| Parameter | Rubber Grade | Cosmetic Grade | Agricultural Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to light gray powder | White powder | White powder | Visual |
| Assay (ZnCO₃) | ≥ 98.0% | ≥ 99.0% | ≥ 96.0% | Titrimetric / ICP |
| Zinc Content | ~52.0 – 57.0% | ~54.0 – 57.0% | ~52.0 – 57.0% | AAS / ICP |
| Loss on Ignition | 35.0 – 36.0% | 35.0 – 36.0% | 34.0 – 36.0% | Gravimetric |
| pH (Suspension) | 6.5 – 7.5 | 6.5 – 7.5 | 6.5 – 7.5 | pH Meter |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | ≤ 1 ppm | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | ≤ 1 ppm | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.05% | AAS / ICP |
| Chloride (Cl) | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% | ≤ 0.01% | Titrimetric |
| Sulfate (SO₄) | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% | ≤ 0.01% | Gravimetric |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | ~ 5,000 mg/kg (low toxicity) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Low toxicity; May cause mild irritation |
| Skin Irritation | May cause mild irritation |
| Eye Irritation | May cause irritation |
| Inhalation Toxicity | May cause respiratory irritation (dust) |
| Chronic Toxicity | No significant adverse effects at normal use levels |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified as carcinogenic |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | No reproductive toxicity at normal levels |
| Environmental Toxicity | May be harmful to aquatic life at high concentrations |
| Special Toxicity Note | Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in rubber, cosmetics, and agricultural applications; Non-toxic at normal use levels; Inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation; Use appropriate personal protective equipment. |
GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Not classified as hazardous according to CLP criteria | – | – |
Signal Word: None (Not classified as hazardous)
Hazard Pictograms: None
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| (Minimal health hazard) | (Non-flammable) | (Stable) | (None) |
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P271 | Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P304+P340 | IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P332+P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P362+P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
| Exposure Route | Action to Take |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air immediately. If respiratory irritation develops, seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. If irritation persists, get medical attention. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention if large quantities are ingested or if feeling unwell. |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Non-flammable organic material. May burn with thick smoke at high temperatures. |
| Hazards Arising from Fire | Thermal decomposition produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and zinc oxide fumes. |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam. |
| Unsuitable Extinguishing Media | Water jet (may spread dust) |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing. |
| Special Precautions | Prevent dust from entering sewers and waterways. Avoid dust cloud formation. |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM MOISTURE; Keep away from direct sunlight. |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, moisture-proof containers (PE-lined bags, HDPE containers). |
| Materials to Protect From | Moisture, heat, strong acids |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 48 months (in unopened original packaging, under proper storage conditions). |
| Stability Note | Stable under recommended storage conditions; May absorb moisture if exposed to high humidity; Protect from moisture. |
| Special Storage Requirements | Store in a dry, cool place; Avoid exposure to air and moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately. |
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| PE-Lined Paper Bag | 10 kg, 20 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined kraft paper bag (moisture-proof) |
| Plastic Bag | 5 kg, 10 kg, 25 kg | PE bag (inner-lined, sealed, moisture-proof) |
| Fiber Drum | 20 kg, 25 kg | PE-lined fiberboard drum |
| Plastic Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | HDPE / Polypropylene (moisture-proof) |
| FIBC / Big Bag | 500 kg, 1000 kg | PE-lined, moisture-resistant PP woven bag |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG Code | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| IATA (Air) | Not regulated (non-hazardous) |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| Transport Temperature | Ambient temperature; Protect from moisture and heat. |
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | REACH registered; Approved for use in rubber, cosmetics, and agricultural applications. |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed (TSCA Inventory) |
| USA (FDA) | Approved for use in cosmetics (CIR approved); Safe for use in rubber articles. |
| Turkey | Approved for use in rubber, cosmetics, and agricultural applications; Ministry of Agriculture approval for agricultural use; KKDIK regulation compliance required. |
| IARC | Not classified (non-carcinogenic) |
| NTP | Not listed |
| OSHA | Regulated as nuisance dust |
| California (Prop 65) | Not listed |
| Halal | Yes (with certification) |
| Kosher | Yes (with certification) |
| Vegan | Yes (mineral, no animal ingredients) |
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Çinko Karbonat, Çinko Karbonat Tuzu, Bazik Çinko Karbonat |
| English Names | Zinc Carbonate, Zinc Monocarbonate, Zinc Carbonate Basic, Zinc Spar, Smithsonite |
| CAS Number | 3486-35-9 |
| EC Number | 222-477-6 |
| HS Code | 2836.99 |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO₃) |
| CAS Number | 3486-35-9 |
| Molecular Formula | ZnCO₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 125.39 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to light gray powder |
| Density | ~4.4 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; Soluble in acids |
| Decomposition | ZnO + CO₂ (heating) |
| Primary Functions | Vulcanization activator, filler, opacifier, micronutrient |
| Main Application Areas | Rubber, cosmetics, paints, ceramics, agriculture, chemical industry |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 48 months |
| GHS Signal Word | None (Not classified as hazardous) |
| UN Number | Not regulated |
| Special Properties | Non-toxic; Stable; Insoluble in water; Decomposes to ZnO upon heating; Source of zinc; Versatile industrial applications. |
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
Non-Toxic: Low toxicity; Safe for use in rubber, cosmetics, and agricultural applications.
Insoluble in Water: Not soluble in water; Disperses in water as a suspension.
Decomposes on Heating: Decomposes to zinc oxide (ZnO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) upon heating.
Hygroscopic: May absorb moisture; Store in tightly closed containers.
Non-Flammable: Stable and non-combustible.
Acid Soluble: Dissolves in acids; reacts with acids to release CO₂.
Dust Hazard: Inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation; Use dust masks.
Versatile: Widely used in rubber, cosmetics, paints, and agriculture.
Source of Zinc: Provides essential zinc for rubber vulcanization and plant nutrition.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
Rubber Industry: Use as vulcanization activator and filler; Dosage: 2-10 phr; Mix with rubber during compounding; Improves cross-linking and mechanical properties.
Cosmetics: Use as opacifier and pigment; Dosage: 0.5-5%; Disperse in oil or water phase; Provides opacity and whiteness.
Paints & Coatings: Use as pigment and opacifier; Dosage: 5-15%; Provides white color and opacity; Improves coverage.
Agriculture: Use as micronutrient fertilizer; Dosage: 5-20 kg/ha; Corrects zinc deficiencies; Soil or foliar application.
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles; Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
Personal Protective Equipment: Dust mask (N95/FFP2) if dust is generated, safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing.
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using; Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Storage: Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers; Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 24-48 months under proper conditions.
Spill Management: Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways.
Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Non-hazardous waste; Can be incinerated in compliance with regulations.
DETECTION METHODS:
| Method | Description | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAS / ICP | Zinc content determination | High sensitivity, accurate, specific | High cost, requires expertise |
| Titrimetric | Zinc determination by complexometric titration | Simple, standard method | Requires careful technique |
| Loss on Ignition | CO₂ content determination | Simple, standard method | Time-consuming |
| XRD | Phase identification | Determines crystalline phase | High cost, requires expertise |
| FTIR | Functional group identification | Fast, non-destructive | Requires reference spectra |
| pH Meter | pH of suspension | Simple, rapid | Indicative only |
| Product | Chemical Name / E Code | Application | Strength | Weakness | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO₃) | ZnCO₃ | Rubber, cosmetics, agriculture | Versatile, source of ZnO on heating, insoluble | Lower zinc content, insoluble | Widely approved |
| Zinc Oxide (ZnO) | ZnO | Rubber, ceramics, sunscreen | High zinc content, direct use | Less reactive as carbonate | Widely approved |
| Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO₄) | ZnSO₄ | Fertilizer, medicine | Soluble, high zinc availability | Not for rubber applications | Widely approved |
| Zinc Chloride (ZnCl₂) | ZnCl₂ | Flux, disinfectant | Soluble, zinc source | Corrosive | Widely approved |
| Zinc Stearate | Zn(C₁₇H₃₅COO)₂ | Rubber, cosmetics | Lubricant, release agent | Lower zinc content | Widely approved |
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.