Cadmium Nitrate Tetrahydrate, Cadmium Nitrate, 10325‑94‑7

CADMIUM NITRATE TETRAHYDRATE (CADMIUM(II) NITRATE)

Chemical Name: Cadmium(II) Nitrate Tetrahydrate
CAS Number: 10325-94-7
EC Number: 233-710-6
UN Number: 1477 (Oxidizing substance)
Customs Tariff Code: 2834.29
HS Code: 283429

1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND DESCRIPTION:

Cadmium Nitrate Tetrahydrate (Cd(NO₃)₂·4H₂O) is the nitrate salt of cadmium in the +2 oxidation state, containing four molecules of water of crystallization. The compound features cadmium ions coordinated by nitrate groups and water molecules. It is a colorless, hygroscopic crystalline solid with high solubility in water and ethanol. Cadmium nitrate is a strong oxidizer and is classified as toxic, carcinogenic, and environmentally hazardous. It is used as a laboratory reagent, catalyst precursor, and in pigment and specialty glass production.

Structural Features:

• Tetrahydrate form (4 water molecules)

• High water solubility

• Colorless crystalline appearance

• Hygroscopic

• Strong oxidizing properties

• Heavy metal salt with high toxicity

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Cadmium Nitrate Tetrahydrate is a colorless, hygroscopic crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 308.48 g/mol and density of approximately 2.45 g/cm³. It is highly soluble in water and soluble in ethanol. The compound is a strong oxidizer and must be stored away from combustible materials.

3. SOLUBILITY PROFILE

Cadmium Nitrate is highly soluble in water and ethanol. This property makes it a useful precursor for aqueous processing and laboratory applications.

4. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS

Cadmium Nitrate is a strong oxidizer that can support combustion when in contact with combustible materials. Upon heating, it decomposes to cadmium oxide (CdO) with the release of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and oxygen. It reacts with sulfides, hydroxides, and carbonates to form insoluble cadmium compounds.

Key Chemical Reactions:

Synthesis (Acid Dissolution):
CdO + 2HNO₃ → Cd(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
Cd + 4HNO₃ → Cd(NO₃)₂ + 2NO₂↑ + 2H₂O

Thermal Decomposition:
2Cd(NO₃)₂ → 2CdO + 4NO₂↑ + O₂↑

Sulfide Precipitation:
Cd(NO₃)₂ + Na₂S → CdS ↓ + 2NaNO₃

Hydroxide Precipitation:
Cd(NO₃)₂ + 2NaOH → Cd(OH)₂ ↓ + 2NaNO₃

5. SPECIFICATIONS (REAGENT GRADE)

Cadmium Nitrate Tetrahydrate is available in reagent grade (≥ 98%) and higher purity grades for specialized applications.

6. APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL USES

6.1. Laboratory and Research (Most Common Application)

Cadmium Nitrate is widely used as a laboratory reagent in analytical chemistry and as a precursor for the synthesis of other cadmium compounds.

6.2. Pigment and Specialty Glass

6.3. Catalyst Precursor

6.4. Electroplating (Limited and Controlled)

7. SECTOR SUITABILITY TABLE

8. COMMON NAMES

• Cadmium nitrate

• Cadmium(II) nitrate

• Nitric acid cadmium(II) salt

• Cadmium dinitrate

9. PRODUCTION PROCESS

Reaction Equation:
Cd + 4HNO₃ → Cd(NO₃)₂ + 2NO₂↑ + 2H₂O
or
CdO + 2HNO₃ → Cd(NO₃)₂ + H₂O

Production Types: Reagent grade, high purity grade

Major Producing Countries: China, USA, Japan, Germany

Commercial Purity: Ranges from 98% to 99.99%

10. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

SPECIAL WARNINGS: Cadmium Nitrate is a strong oxidizer, highly toxic, known carcinogen (IARC Group 1), and reproductive toxicant . It may intensify fire when in contact with combustible materials. Toxic if swallowed (H301) . May cause cancer (H350) . May damage fertility or unborn child (H360) . Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects (H410) . Strict handling precautions are required. Cadmium is a known human carcinogen associated with lung cancer and prostate cancer.

11. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Cadmium Nitrate is classified as an oxidizing substance (UN 1477) and is highly toxic and environmentally hazardous . Transport requires special precautions and labeling.

12. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Cadmium Nitrate is subject to strict regulatory controls due to its carcinogenic and toxic properties. It is classified as a Category 1B carcinogen and Category 1 reproductive toxicant under EU CLP.

13. STORAGE AND HANDLING

Handling Notes:

• CRITICAL: This compound is a strong oxidizer, highly toxic, and known carcinogen. Strict safety protocols are required.

• Use only in well-ventilated areas with local exhaust ventilation (fume hood)

• Wear appropriate PPE: gloves (neoprene, butyl rubber), safety goggles, protective clothing, dust mask

• Avoid dust formation and inhalation

• Avoid skin and eye contact

• Wash hands thoroughly after handling

• Keep away from combustible materials, reducing agents, and organic substances

• Store in airtight containers away from moisture

• Emergency shower and eye wash stations must be accessible

• Cadmium is a cumulative poison; chronic exposure must be prevented

14. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

Cadmium Nitrate is not flammable but is a strong oxidizer that may intensify fire when in contact with combustible materials. Thermal decomposition may release toxic nitrogen oxides and cadmium oxide fumes. Firefighters should use SCBA and full protective clothing.

15. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

In case of spillage, appropriate personal protective equipment must be worn. Due to its high toxicity and oxidizing nature, special precautions are required. Contaminated area should be cleaned thoroughly. Environmental release must be strictly prevented.

16. FIRST AID MEASURES

Special Notes:

• Cadmium compounds are highly toxic, carcinogenic, and cumulative poisons

• Medical personnel should be informed about cadmium compound exposure

• In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting due to possible aspiration risk

• Delayed effects may occur; medical observation is required

• Cadmium poisoning may affect kidneys, lungs, and bones

17. RAW MATERIALS AND DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS

17.1. Raw Materials (Upstream)

17.2. Downstream Products

18. QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS

19. SUMMARY AND CRITICAL WARNINGS

SUMMARY:

Cadmium Nitrate Tetrahydrate (Cd(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, CAS 10325-94-7) is a colorless, hygroscopic crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 308.48 g/mol and density of approximately 2.45 g/cm³. It is highly soluble in water and ethanol. Thermal decomposition yields cadmium oxide (CdO).

Its most common applications include use as a laboratory reagent, catalyst precursor, and limited use in pigment and specialty glass production. It is also used in controlled electroplating applications.

The compound is classified as a strong oxidizer (UN 1477), highly toxic, known carcinogen (IARC Group 1), and reproductive toxicant . It may intensify fire when in contact with combustible materials. Toxic if swallowed (H301) . May cause cancer (H350) . May damage fertility or unborn child (H360) . Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects (H410) . Due to its high toxicity and hygroscopic nature, it must be stored in airtight containers away from combustible materials and handled under strict safety protocols. Shelf life is approximately 2 years under proper storage conditions.

Key Properties:

Major Application Areas:

Key Safety Points:

• OXIDIZER: UN 1477, Class 5.1, Packing Group II

• HIGHLY TOXIC: Toxic if swallowed (H301)

• CARCINOGEN: IARC Group 1, H350

• REPRODUCTIVE TOXIN: H360

• ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD: H410

• HYGROSCOPIC: Must be stored in airtight containers

• PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Full PPE including gloves, goggles, protective clothing, SCBA

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

1. EXTREME TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY: Cadmium Nitrate is highly toxic and a known human carcinogen (IARC Group 1). Exposure can cause lung cancer, prostate cancer, and kidney damage. Strict exposure controls are mandatory.

2. STRONG OXIDIZER (UN 1477): Classified as a strong oxidizer. May intensify fire when in contact with combustible materials. Store separately from reducing agents, organic substances, and flammable materials.

3. REPRODUCTIVE TOXICANT (H360): May damage fertility or unborn child. Special precautions are required for women of childbearing age and pregnant women.

4. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD (H410): Cadmium Nitrate is very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. Environmental release must be strictly prevented.

5. CUMULATIVE POISON: Cadmium is a cumulative poison that accumulates in the body, particularly in the kidneys and liver. Chronic exposure must be prevented.

6. HYGROSCOPIC: Cadmium Nitrate is hygroscopic. Must be stored in airtight containers and handled in dry conditions.

7. CUSTOMS CLASSIFICATION: The correct customs tariff code is 2834.29 (HS Code: 283429).

8. REGULATORY COMPLIANCE: REACH, KKDİK, and TSCA registration requirements apply. Not permitted for food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical applications. Subject to strict regulatory controls.

9. FIRE SAFETY: In case of fire, use water spray, CO₂, or dry chemical powder. Fire may release toxic nitrogen oxide and cadmium fumes. Firefighters should use SCBA and full protective clothing.

10. WASTE DISPOSAL: Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations. Due to extreme toxicity, handle as hazardous waste. Special disposal procedures for cadmium-containing waste may apply.

Important Disclaimer: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. The information provided is based on available data and is believed to be accurate. However, the user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are responsible for testing the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with Cadmium Nitrate. Due to its extreme toxicity, carcinogenicity, and environmental hazards, a detailed risk assessment and handling procedure must be established prior to use. This material is strictly for industrial and research use only, under controlled conditions.