Thulium Carbonate Hydrate, 87198-17-2

🧪 THULIUM(III) CARBONATE HYDRATE

1️⃣ Physical and chemical properties

• Chemical name: Thulium(III) Carbonate Hydrate

• Chemical formula: Tm₂(CO₃)₃·xH₂O (hydrated form)

• CAS number: 87198-17-2

• EC number: Not widely listed

• Molecular weight: ~517.9 g/mol (anhydrous basis; varies with hydration)

• Appearance: White crystalline powder

• Melting point: Not well defined; decomposes to Tm₂O₃ upon heating

• Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in acids

• Stability: Stable at room temperature

• Density: ~4.5 g/cm³

2️⃣ Detailed applications

• Catalysis: Precursor for thulium oxide (Tm₂O₃) in catalytic and materials processes

• Optical glass production: UV/IR transmission control, refractive index tuning

• Electronics: Additive in semiconductor and vacuum system processes

• Coating technologies: Thin‑film deposition and sputtering target precursor

• Nanotechnology: Source material for Tm₂O₃ nanoparticles

• Defense industry: Optical filters and laser‑related systems

• Chemical industry: Intermediate for rare‑earth oxides and hydroxides

3️⃣ Synonyms, CAS, EC and codes

4️⃣ Alternative / substitute products

• Thulium Oxide (Tm₂O₃): Direct use in ceramics and optics

• Thulium Hydroxide (Tm(OH)₃): Alternative precursor for Tm₂O₃

• Lanthanide carbonates (La₂(CO₃)₃, Pr₂(CO₃)₃, Nd₂(CO₃)₃): Comparable rare‑earth carbonate functions

• Yttrium Carbonate (Y₂(CO₃)₃): Alternative in ceramics and specialty coatings

5️⃣ Sectoral compliance table

6️⃣ Common names

• Thulium carbonate

• White carbonate powder

• Optical additive

• Thulium salt

7️⃣ Production

• Starting material: Thulium‑containing rare‑earth solutions or ores

• Process: Carbonate precipitation → Filtration → Drying → Hydrate formation control

• Production grades: Technical and high‑purity grades

• Main producing countries: China, India, USA

• Commercial purity: 99% – 99.99%

8️⃣ Key sectors and processes

• Catalyst production: Precursor for Tm₂O₃

• Optical glass production: UV/IR transmission and refractive index control

• Electronic vacuum systems: Surface additive and protective layer

• Defense optics: Precision laser filtering systems

• Nanotechnology: Tm₂O₃ nanoparticle synthesis