Indium Chloride Anhydrous, Indium Monochloride, 13465-10-6

Indium Chloride Anhydrous, Indium Monochloride, 13465-10-6

INDIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS (INCL)
INDIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS / INDIUM MONOCHLORIDE / INDIUM(I) CHLORIDE
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

2. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
2.1. Molecular Structure
Indium chloride is an inorganic compound of indium and chlorine. Indium ions (In⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) are present in a 1:1 ratio. It is a rare compound of indium in the +1 oxidation state. It appears as a white to yellow crystalline solid. It hydrolyzes in water to form indium oxide (In₂O₃) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is soluble in hydrochloric acid. It is unstable in humid environments.

Structural Features:

                    INDIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS [InCl]
                          |
                In⁺ - Cl⁻ Ionic/Covalent Bonds
                          |
        +----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |
    Crystalline        Hydrolyzes       Soluble in
    Structure         in Moisture      Hydrochloric
                      (HCl, In₂O₃)      Acid

2.2. Structural Properties

3. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

4. PURITY GRADES

5. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

5.1. Chemical Reactions

• Hydrolysis (with Water):
  2InCl + H₂O → In₂O↓ + 2HCl (intermediate)
  4InCl + O₂ → 2In₂O₃ + 2Cl₂ (oxidation)

• Oxidation (in Air):
  4InCl + O₂ → 2In₂O₃ + 2Cl₂↑

• Reaction with Acids:
  InCl + HCl → InCl₂ + H₂ (redox reaction)
  InCl + 3HCl → InCl₃ + H₂↑ + Cl⁻

• Reaction with Bases:
  InCl + NaOH → InOH↓ + NaCl

6. APPLICATION AREAS
6.1. Semiconductor and Electronic Materials

6.2. Catalyst Applications

6.3. Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology

6.4. Sectoral Suitability Table

7. PRODUCTION PROCESS

7.1. Alternative Production Method

7.2. Major Producing Countries

8. ALTERNATIVE / SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1. GHS Classification

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

10. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

11. FIRST AID MEASURES

12. STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

13. PACKAGING OPTIONS

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

15. REGULATORY STATUS

16. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

17. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

18. CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Oxidation Sensitivity: Indium(I) chloride slowly oxidizes in air to Indium(III) chloride. This affects purity and performance. Must be handled and stored under inert atmosphere.

• Highly Hygroscopic Nature: InCl has a very high moisture absorption capacity. When exposed to air, it rapidly absorbs moisture and hydrolyzes. Extreme care must be taken to avoid moisture during storage and handling.

• Rare Oxidation State: Indium's +1 oxidation state is less stable than +3 and requires special handling conditions.

• Incompatibility: Reacts with water, strong oxidizing agents, and acids.

• Eye and Skin Irritation: Causes irritation to skin and eyes. Protective equipment is mandatory during use.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Storage:

  • Store under inert atmosphere (Argon or Nitrogen), in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

  • Use moisture-proof, airtight containers.

  • Keep away from oxidizing agents, moisture, and air.

  • Store at room temperature (15-25°C).

• Handling:

  • Work in a glovebox or under inert atmosphere.

  • Immediately close containers tightly when not in use.

  • Use a dust mask (N95 or better), protective goggles, and chemically resistant gloves.

  • Avoid dust formation and inhalation.

  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

  • Avoid contact with water and moisture.

• Waste Management:

  • Dispose of in accordance with local regulations as heavy metal waste.

  • Do not discharge into water sources or sewers.

  • For large quantities, indium recovery should be considered (valuable and critical metal).

LEGAL DISCLAIMER
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Indium(I) chloride requires special handling conditions due to its high reactivity, oxidation sensitivity, and moisture sensitivity; it must be used and stored under inert atmosphere.