Gallium Chloride Anhydrous, Gallium Trichloride, Gallium Chloride, 13450-90-3

Gallium Chloride Anhydrous, Gallium Trichloride, Gallium Chloride, 13450-90-3

GALLIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS (GACL₃)
GALLIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS / GALLIUM TRICHLORIDE / GALLIUM(III) CHLORIDE
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

2. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
2.1. Molecular Structure
Gallium chloride is an inorganic compound of gallium and chlorine. Gallium ions (Ga³⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) are present in a 1:3 ratio. It has a molecular structure and appears as a white crystalline solid at room temperature. It has a low melting point (~78°C) and readily sublimes. It hydrolyzes in water to form gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and toluene. It is unstable in humid environments.

Structural Features:

                    GALLIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS [GaCl₃]
                          |
                Ga³⁺ - Cl⁻ Covalent/Ionic Bonds
                          |
        +----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |
    Molecular          Hydrolyzes       Soluble in
    Crystalline       in Moisture      Organic
    Structure         (HCl, Ga₂O₃)     Solvents

2.2. Structural Properties

3. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

4. PURITY GRADES

5. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

5.1. Chemical Reactions

• Hydrolysis (with Water):
  2GaCl₃ + 3H₂O → Ga₂O₃↓ + 6HCl↑

• Sublimation:
  GaCl₃(s) → GaCl₃(g) (~201°C)

• Reaction with Bases:
  GaCl₃ + 3NaOH → Ga(OH)₃↓ + 3NaCl
  GaCl₃ + 4NaOH → Na[Ga(OH)₄] + 3NaCl (excess base)

• Reaction with Organometallic Compounds:
  GaCl₃ + 3RMgX → GaR₃ + 3MgXCl

6. APPLICATION AREAS
6.1. Catalyst Applications

6.2. Semiconductor and Electronic Materials

6.3. Chemical Synthesis and Intermediate

6.4. Sectoral Suitability Table

7. PRODUCTION PROCESS

7.1. Alternative Production Method

7.2. Major Producing Countries

8. ALTERNATIVE / SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1. GHS Classification

Signal Word: DANGER

Hazard Pictograms: GHS05 (Corrosive), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

10. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

11. FIRST AID MEASURES

12. STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

13. PACKAGING OPTIONS

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

15. REGULATORY STATUS

16. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

17. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

18. CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Corrosive: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage (H314). Protective equipment is mandatory.

• Hygroscopic and Moisture Sensitive: Rapidly absorbs moisture and hydrolyzes, releasing toxic hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. Extreme care must be taken to avoid moisture during storage and handling.

• Toxic: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled (H302, H332). Exposure must be minimized.

• Skin Sensitizer: May cause allergic skin reactions (H317).

• Low Melting Point: Melts at ~78°C; sublimes at high temperatures. Keep away from heat sources.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Storage:

  • Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

  • Use moisture-proof, airtight containers.

  • Keep away from water and moisture.

  • Store at room temperature (15-25°C).

  • Store locked up.

• Handling:

  • Use in well-ventilated areas with local exhaust ventilation or under a fume hood.

  • Use a respirator, protective goggles, chemically resistant gloves, and protective clothing.

  • Avoid dust formation and inhalation.

  • Avoid contact with water and moisture.

  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

  • Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

• Waste Management:

  • Dispose of in accordance with local regulations at licensed disposal facilities.

  • Do not discharge into water sources.

  • For large quantities, gallium recovery should be considered (valuable metal).

LEGAL DISCLAIMER
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Gallium chloride anhydrous is a corrosive, moisture-sensitive, and toxic substance; strict safety measures must be taken during handling, transport, and disposal.