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1-Propanol, 71-23-8 , Propanol, n-Propanol, Propyl Alcohol

1-Propanol, 71-23-8 , Propanoln-PropanolPropyl Alcohol

CAS: 71-23-8

Molecular Formula: C3H8O

71-23-8 - Names and Identifiers

Name 1-Propanol
Synonyms n-C3H7OH
Propanol
1-Propanol
n-Propanol
Propan-1-ol
Propyl Alcohol
femanumber2928
ethyl carbinol
alcoolpropilico
n-propyl alcohol
n-ppropylalcohol
alcoolpropylique
Natural Propyl Alcohol
alcoolpropylique(french)
epapesticidechemicalcode047502
CAS 71-23-8
EINECS 200-746-9
InChI InChI=1/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3

71-23-8 - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula C3H8O
Molar Mass 60.1
Density 0.804 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Melting Point -127°C(lit.)
Boling Point 97°C(lit.)
Flash Point 59°F
JECFA Number 82
Water Solubility soluble
Solubility H2O: passes test
Vapor Presure 10 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density 2.1 (vs air)
Appearance Liquid
Color <10(APHA)
Odor Resembles that of ethyl alcohol.
Exposure Limit TLV-TWA (200 ppm); (500 mg/m3); STEL250 ppm (625 mg/m3); IDLH 4000 ppm.
Maximum wavelength(λmax) ['λ: 220 nm Amax: ≤0.40',
, 'λ: 240 nm Amax: ≤0.071',
, 'λ: 275 nm Amax: ≤0.0044']
Merck 14,7842
BRN 1098242
pKa >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993)
PH 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Stability Stable. May form peroxides in contact with air. Incompatible with alkali metals, alkaline earths, aluminium, oxidizing agents, nitro compounds. Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures explosive.
Explosive Limit 2.1-19.2%(V)
Refractive Index n20/D 1.384(lit.)
Physical and Chemical Properties Colorless transparent liquid. Has an ethanol-like odor. A small amount is present in the fusel oil. Density 0.8036. Refractive index 1.3862. Melting Point -127 °c. Boiling point 97.19 °c. Soluble in water, ethanol and ether. The vapor forms an explosive mixture with air, with an explosion limit of 2.5% to 8.7% by volume.
Use Used as a solvent, in many cases can replace the lower boiling point of ethanol.

71-23-8 - Risk and Safety

Risk Codes R11 - Highly Flammable
R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes
R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness
Safety Description S7 - Keep container tightly closed.
S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition.
S24 - Avoid contact with skin.
S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S39 - Wear eye / face protection.
UN IDs UN 1274 3/PG 2
WGK Germany 1
RTECS UH8225000
FLUKA BRAND F CODES 10-23
TSCA Yes
HS Code 29051200
Hazard Class 3
Packing Group II
Toxicity LD50 orally in rats: 1.87 g/kg (Smyth)

71-23-8 - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials Propionaldehyde
Downstream Products Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Erythromycin

71-23-8 - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless clear liquid with ethanol-like odor. Flammable. Melting Point -127 ° C; Boiling point of 97.2 ° C; With water, alcohol, ether, hydrocarbon and other solvents miscible. The chemical properties of N-propanol are similar to those of other low molecular weight aliphatic primary alcohols. Miscible with water, ethanol and ether. Its vapor and air to form an explosive mixture, fire, high heat caused by combustion explosion. A strong reaction with an oxidizing agent can occur.

71-23-8 - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

propionaldehyde is synthesized from ethylene by carbonyl, and then N-propanol is obtained by hydrogenation. Alternatively, n-propanol can be directly formed from ethylene and water using metal carbonyl compounds as catalysts. It can also be prepared by liquid phase oxidation using propane or butane as a raw material.

71-23-8 - Use

is generally used as a solvent. Can be used in Coating solvents, printing inks, cosmetics, etc., for the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, intermediates for the production of N-propylamine, for the production of feed additives, synthetic spices. Propanol in the pharmaceutical industry, food additives, plasticizers, spices and many other areas have a wide range of applications.

71-23-8 - Safety

rat oral LDso:1870mg/kg. Exposure to high concentrations of vapor appeared Head Pain, drowsiness and eye, nose, throat irritation symptoms. The staff should be protected and the working environment should be well ventilated. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Should be stored separately from the oxidant. Keep away from fire and heat source. Protection from direct sunlight. Keep the container sealed.

71-23-8 - Reference Information

FEMA 2928 | PROPYL ALCOHOL
relative polarity 0.617
olfactory Threshold 0.094ppm
Henry's Law Constant 6.75 (static headspace-GC, Merk and Riederer, 1997)
NIST chemical information information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical substance information information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
Overview propanol is a compound in which one hydrogen atom in the propane molecule is replaced by a hydroxyl group. Since the hydroxyl group can replace hydrogen on both ends of the carbon chain or the intermediate carbon atom, two isomers of N-propanol and isopropanol can be formed. The chemical properties of N-propanol and ethanol similar to carbon monoxide and hydrogen synthesis of methanol by-products, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, are colorless transparent liquid, fragrance. In industry, it is prepared from ethylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen under high pressure and cobalt catalysis, and it is prepared from propylene in the action of sulfuric acid or from acetone by catalytic hydrogenation reaction. It is generally used as a solvent. The eyes, mucous membranes are irritating, inhalation of propanol vapor can occur dizziness, Head Pain, Vomit, etc.
Application n-propanol is a good solvent, can be directly or through the synthesis of propyl acetate for coating, printing ink, daily chemical products and other fields. N-propylamine, propylacetate, propylurea, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, n-bromopropane, perfluoropropionic acid, propylparaben and propylparaben can be synthesized from N-propanol. N-propanol in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of probenecid, sodium valproate, erythromycin, propylamine sulfate, 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid dipropyl ester. The most important derivative of N-propanol is N-propylamine, which is mainly used in the production of pesticides such as azulene, endazole, isopropramine, trifluralin, and caecones.
preparation a clean production process for the hydrogenation of propionaldehyde to produce N-propanol, comprising the following steps: a, when the crude propanol generated by the hydrogenation of propionaldehyde enters the distillation system, the stripping tower condenses and exchanges the three-phase azeotrope residue formed by the reaction by-product propyl propionate, water and N-propanol, the gas phase material separated by the pervaporation membrane dehydration device is condensed to obtain wastewater A, which is mixed with the raw material propionaldehyde and enters the system again, the condensed residual gas is evacuated by a vacuum pump; The liquid phase material separated by the pervaporation membrane dehydration unit is sent to rectification to separate n-propanol and propyl propionate in the liquid phase material.
content analysis the content of propanol and volatile impurities was determined by gas chromatography (GT-10-4) using a polar column.
purification method a chromatographic pure N-propanol preparation method, the specific preparation steps are as follows:(1) take 50g shell type activated carbon, after drying at 150 ° C for 8 hours, put it in a desiccator for cooling;(2) take 1000ml of analytical pure N-propanol into an extraction bottle, add 50g step (1) after the pre-treated activated carbon is shaken for 30 minutes, it is placed for 10 hours, the activated carbon is filtered out, and the N-propanol is put into a 1000ml three-mouth distillation bottle;(3) after the rectification equipment is installed as required, the step (2) after further rectification of medium-N-propanol, the reflux ratio was adjusted to 2:30, and 96.5-97.5 fractions were collected to obtain chromatographically pure N-propanol, which was sampled and analyzed. Inspection was conducted according to Q/12HB3730-2010 standard, and the yield of the finished product was about 88%.
toxicity ADI is not specified (FAO/WHO,2001).
usage limit FEMA(mg/kg): soft drinks 0.5~5.0, cold drinks 0.50, Candy 0.50, baked goods 0.65.
Use is generally used as a solvent, is also the preparation of N-propylamine and other raw materials
used as chromatographic analysis reagents, solvents and cleaning agents
extraction solvents; GB 27601996: food flavors, food processing aids.
propanol is directly used as a solvent or synthesis of propyl acetate, used in Coating solvents, printing inks, cosmetics, etc., used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticide intermediates N-propylamine, used in the production of feed additives, synthetic spices, etc. Propanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of probenecid, sodium valproate, erythromycin, Jiantian, adhesive hemostatic agent BCA, propylthiamine, 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid dipropyl Ester, etc, used in food additives, plasticizers, spices and many other aspects; N-Propyl alcohol derivatives, especially di-n-propylamine in medicine, pesticide production has many applications, used to produce pesticide sulfamethoxazole, bacteria killing, isopropylamine, maimao, sulfolin, flumol, etc.
used as a solvent, in many cases can replace the lower boiling point of ethanol.
solvents and cleaning agents for vegetable oils, natural rubber, resins and cellulose esters. Organic Synthesis. Standard for gas chromatographic analysis.
production method 1. Recovery method from isopropanol by-products when propylene is directly hydrated to isopropanol, the by-product is N-propanol, from which the n-propanol is recovered. 2. Hydrogenation of propylene oxide. Propionaldehyde hydrogenation method from propionaldehyde, acrolein hydrogenation of N-propanol and allyl alcohol. 4. Hydrogenation of allyl alcohol. 5. Methanol method. Oxo-ethene synthesis.
derived from the oxidation of natural gas by carbon hydride. Made from fusel oil.
category flammable liquid
toxicity grade poisoning
Acute toxicity oral-rat LD50: 1870 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 6800 mg/kg
stimulation data eyes-rabbits 20 mg/24 h moderate
explosive hazard characteristics explosive when mixed with air
flammability hazard characteristics in case of open flame, high temperature, flammable oxidant; Combustion stimulus smoke
storage and transportation characteristics The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids
extinguishing agent dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent
Occupational Standard TWA 490 mg/m3
spontaneous combustion temperature 700 ° F.
toxic substance data information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)
immediate life-and health-threatening concentration 8

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