Bismuth Oxide, Bismuth Trioxide, Bismuth Sesquioxide, 1304-76-3

Bismuth Oxide, Bismuth Trioxide, Bismuth Sesquioxide, 1304-76-3

BISMUTH OXIDE (BI₂O₃)
BISMUTH OXIDE / BISMUTH TRIOXIDE / BISMUTH SESQUIOXIDE / BISMUTH(III) OXIDE
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

2. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
2.1. Molecular Structure
Bismuth oxide is an inorganic compound of bismuth and oxygen. Bismuth ions (Bi³⁺) and oxide ions (O²⁻) are present in a 2:3 ratio. It exists in multiple polymorphic forms (α-monoclinic, β-tetragonal, γ-BCC, δ-cubic high temperature phase). It is known for its high refractive index, ionic conductivity, and low toxicity. It is insoluble in water but soluble in acids.

Structural Features:

                    BISMUTH OXIDE [Bi₂O₃]
                          |
                Bi³⁺ - O²⁻ Ionic Bonds
                          |
        +----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |
    Polymorphic        Yellow-Orange   High Refractive
    Structure          Powder Form      Index

2.2. Structural Properties

3. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

4. PURITY GRADES

5. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

5.1. Chemical Reactions

• Reaction with Acids:
  Bi₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2BiCl₃ + 3H₂O
  Bi₂O₃ + 6HNO₃ → 2Bi(NO₃)₃ + 3H₂O
  Bi₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Bi₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

• Reduction (at High Temperature):
  Bi₂O₃ + 3H₂ → 2Bi + 3H₂O

• Reaction with Alkali:
  Bi₂O₃ + 2NaOH → 2NaBiO₂ + H₂O (at high temperature)

6. APPLICATION AREAS
6.1. Ceramic and Glass Industry

6.2. Electronics and Energy

6.3. Catalyst Applications

6.4. Medical and Pharmaceutical

6.5. Pigments and Coatings

6.6. Sectoral Suitability Table

7. PRODUCTION PROCESS

7.1. Major Producing Countries

8. ALTERNATIVE / SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1. GHS Classification

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

10. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

11. FIRST AID MEASURES

12. STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

13. PACKAGING OPTIONS

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

15. REGULATORY STATUS

16. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

17. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

18. CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Polymorphism: Bismuth oxide exists in 5 different crystal phases depending on temperature. The δ-Bi₂O₃ phase exhibits high oxygen ion conductivity and is valuable for solid oxide fuel cells.

• Lead Alternative: Due to its low toxicity, it is used as an environmentally friendly alternative to lead oxides.

• High Refractive Index: A valuable property for optical glasses and coatings.

• Incompatibility: Reacts with strong acids and reducing agents.

• Powder Hazard: Fine powder form may cause respiratory tract irritation. Dust control measures must be taken.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Storage:

  • Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

  • Use moisture-proof, tightly closed containers.

  • Keep away from acids and reducing agents.

  • Store at room temperature (15-25°C).

• Handling:

  • Use in well-ventilated areas with local exhaust ventilation.

  • Use a dust mask (N95 or better), protective goggles, and gloves.

  • Avoid dust formation and inhalation.

  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

  • For dissolution in acids, add oxide to acid slowly with cooling and stirring.

• Waste Management:

  • Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

  • Do not discharge into water sources.

  • For large quantities, bismuth recovery should be considered.

LEGAL DISCLAIMER
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Bismuth oxide is an environmentally friendly alternative to lead-based materials in ceramic, electronic, and catalyst applications due to its low toxicity and high performance; however, it should be used with appropriate safety precautions.