Yttrium Oxide, Yttria Yttrium Sesquioxide, Yttrium Trioxide, 1314-36-9

Yttrium Oxide, Yttria Yttrium Sesquioxide, Yttrium Trioxide, 1314-36-9

YTRIUM OXIDE (Y₂O₃)
YTRIUM OXIDE / YTTRIA / YTRIUM SESQUIOXIDE / YTRIUM TRIOXIDE
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

2. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
2.1. Molecular Structure
Yttrium oxide is the oxide compound of the rare earth element yttrium. Yttrium ions (Y³⁺) and oxide ions (O²⁻) are present in a 2:3 ratio. It has a cubic crystal structure (bixbyite type). It is known for its high melting point and thermal stability. It is insoluble in water but slowly soluble in strong acids. It is stable at high temperatures and in oxidative environments.

Structural Features:

                    YTRIUM OXIDE [Y₂O₃]
                          |
                Y³⁺ - O²⁻ Ionic Bonds
                          |
        +----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |
    Cubic (Bixbyite)   White Powder     High Thermal
    Crystal Structure                  Stability

2.2. Structural Properties

3. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

4. PURITY GRADES

5. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

5.1. Chemical Reactions

• Reaction with Acids:
  Y₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2YCl₃ + 3H₂O
  Y₂O₃ + 6HNO₃ → 2Y(NO₃)₃ + 3H₂O
  Y₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Y₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

• Reaction with Bases:
  Y₂O₃ + 2NaOH → 2NaYO₂ + H₂O (at high temperature)

• Carbonation (Over Time):
  Y₂O₃ + 3CO₂ + 3H₂O → Y₂(CO₃)₃·3H₂O (slow)

6. APPLICATION AREAS
6.1. Phosphors and Lighting

6.2. Optical and Laser Applications

6.3. Electronics and Magnetic Materials

6.4. Ceramics and Coatings

6.5. Metallurgy

6.6. Defense Industry

6.7. Sectoral Suitability Table

7. PRODUCTION PROCESS

7.1. Major Producing Countries

8. ALTERNATIVE / SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1. GHS Classification

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)

10. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

11. FIRST AID MEASURES

12. STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

13. PACKAGING OPTIONS

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

15. REGULATORY STATUS

16. OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

17. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

18. CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• High Value: Yttrium is a critical and valuable rare earth element for phosphor, optical, and ceramic applications. Losses should be minimized and recycling options explored.

• High Purity Requirement: Phosphor, optical, and electronic applications require high purity (>99.9%). Purity level directly affects application performance.

• Incompatibility: Reacts with strong acids. Acid use must be controlled.

• Powder Hazard: Fine powder form may cause respiratory tract irritation. Dust control measures must be taken.

• Recycling: Yttrium-containing waste (especially phosphors and YIG materials) can be recycled; this should be considered in waste management planning.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Storage:

  • Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

  • Use moisture-proof, tightly closed containers.

  • Keep away from acids and oxidizing agents.

  • Store at room temperature (15-25°C).

• Handling:

  • Use in well-ventilated areas with local exhaust ventilation.

  • Use a dust mask (N95 or better), protective goggles, and gloves.

  • Avoid dust formation and inhalation.

  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

  • For dissolution in acids, add oxide to acid slowly with cooling and stirring.

• Waste Management:

  • Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

  • Do not discharge into water sources.

  • For large quantities, rare earth recycling and recovery should be considered (economically viable).

LEGAL DISCLAIMER
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, handling, transport, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier must be consulted. This document does not substitute professional advice. Yttrium oxide is a critical rare earth material for phosphor, optical, and ceramic applications; careful handling, storage, and recycling planning are required due to high purity requirements and value.