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Send EmailDimethyl Pyrazole, 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole, DMP, Pyrazole, 3,4-DMP, Dimethylpyrazole, 2820-37-3
3,4-DIMETHYLPYRAZOLE (DMP)
1. PRODUCT DEFINITION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | 3,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole |
| Common Name | 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole (DMP) |
| CAS Number | 2820-37-3 |
| EC Number | 429-130-1 |
| EINECS Number | 220-532-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C₅H₈N₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 96.13 g/mol |
| Appearance | Pale yellow crystalline solid |
| Chemical Structure | A 5-membered pyrazole ring with methyl groups at the 3- and 4-positions |
Note: 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole is a critically important intermediate, particularly in the field of agricultural chemicals. Its most significant use is as the core building block in the production of DMPP (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate), a powerful nitrification inhibitor. It is also utilized in pharmaceutical R&D and specialty polymer additives.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value / Description |
|---|---|
| Physical form | Pale yellow crystalline solid |
| Molecular Weight | 96.13 g/mol |
| Melting Point | ~58-62 °C (literature) |
| Boiling Point | ~220-225 °C |
| Solubility | Soluble in polar organic solvents (ethanol, DMF, DMSO); limited solubility in water |
| Stability | Stable in a dry and cool environment; sensitive to moisture and oxidation |
3. ALTERNATIVE NAMES AND IDENTIFIERS
| Type | Name / Code |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 3,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole |
| Common Name | 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole (DMP) |
| CAS Number | 2820-37-3 |
| EC Number | 429-130-1 |
| ChemSpider ID | 121391 |
| PubChem CID | 13843 |
| SMILES | CC1=C(NN=C1C) |
| InChIKey | QKXKXJIEISDUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Trade Names (from some manufacturers) | Dimethylpyrazole, DMP, 3,4-DMP, Pyrazole, 3,4-dimethyl- |
4. PRODUCTION PROCESS
A. Starting Materials:
| Material | Role |
|---|---|
| Acetylacetone (2,4-Pentanedione) | Provides the carbon skeleton |
| Hydrazine Hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O) | Nitrogen source for the pyrazole ring |
| Acid catalyst (optional) | Can accelerate the reaction rate |
| Solvent (Ethanol, water, DMF) | Provides the reaction medium |
B. Reaction Stages:
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Condensation: Acetylacetone reacts with hydrazine in a 1:1 molar ratio.
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Ring Closure: The pyrazole ring is formed, and methyl groups are subsequently positioned at the 3- and 4-positions.
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Purification: Impurities are removed via crystallization, filtration, or solvent extraction.
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Drying: The final product is typically obtained as a pale yellow solid.
C. Reaction Conditions:
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Temperature | 60–80 °C |
| pH | Neutral or slightly acidic |
| Duration | 4–6 hours |
| Reactor Type | Glass-lined or stainless steel |
5. MAIN APPLICATIONS
| Sector / Application | Description |
|---|---|
| DMPP Production (Most Important Use) | Reacts with phosphoric acid to form DMPP (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate), a widely used nitrification inhibitor in nitrogenous fertilizers. |
| Agrochemicals | Intermediate in the synthesis of nitrogen stabilizers and other nitrification inhibitors. |
| Pharmaceutical R&D | Pyrazole derivatives possess potential anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. |
| Polymer Additives | Used in some specialty formulations as a nitrogen-containing additive. |
6. RELATIONSHIP TO DMPP AND OTHER NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS
DMP is the key building block for the following commercially important nitrification inhibitors:
| Inhibitor | CAS No | Relationship to DMP | Effective Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMPP (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate) | 202842-98-6 | Obtained by the reaction of DMP with phosphoric acid. | 6–10 weeks |
| DMPSA (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Succinic Acid) | 202842-98-6 | A similar structure to DMP; derivatized with succinic acid. | 8–12 weeks |
7. DMPP ALTERNATIVES – TECHNICAL COMPARISON
| Product Name | CAS No | Duration | Application Area | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DCD (Dicyandiamide) | 461-58-5 | 4–6 weeks | Granular fertilizers | Most economical option; suppresses microbial activity. |
| Nitrapyrin (NPPT) | 1929-82-4 | 6–8 weeks | Liquid fertilizers, corn, wheat | Targets Nitrosomonas bacteria; volatile, use with caution in hot climates. |
| DMPSA | 202842-98-6 | 8–12 weeks | Similar to DMPP | Longer duration than DMPP; environmentally friendly, low leaching risk. |
| NBPT | 94317-64-3 | 1–2 weeks | Urea-based fertilizers | A urease inhibitor (not a nitrification inhibitor); reduces ammonia volatilization. |
| DMPB (3,5-Dimethylpyrazole Glyceroborate) | — | 6–10 weeks | Ammonium sulfate additive | New-generation inhibitor; tested in Türkiye (Erciyes University). |
8. SAFETY, STORAGE, AND TRANSPORT
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GHS Classification: Refer to the supplier's SDS for the specific classification. May be an irritant; avoid breathing dust and contact with skin.
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Storage: Store in a dry, cool (<30 °C), and well-ventilated area in tightly sealed packaging. Container integrity must be maintained as the product is sensitive to moisture and oxidation.
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear protective gloves, goggles, and a dust mask.
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Transport: Not classified as a dangerous good for transport. An MSDS is required for commercial shipment.
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Packaging: Typically supplied in 25 kg fibre drums or PE bags. Primary manufacturers are located in China, Germany, and India.
9. QUICK REFERENCE TABLE
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Product Name | 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole (DMP) |
| CAS | 2820-37-3 |
| Formula | C₅H₈N₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 96.13 g/mol |
| Appearance | Pale yellow crystalline solid |
| Main Use | Intermediate for the production of DMPP and DMPSA nitrification inhibitors |
| Other Uses | Pharmaceutical R&D, polymer additives, agrochemical synthesis |
| Storage | Dry, cool, protected from moisture and oxidation |
