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Acid dyes are water-soluble anionic dyes used extensively in the leather industry for dyeing all types of leather, including full grain, suede, and nubuck. They offer excellent leveling properties, good penetration, and a wide range of fastness properties. Acid dyes are particularly preferred for leather finishing due to their compatibility with the acidic nature of tanned leather and their ability to produce bright, uniform shades.
| Dye Name / Description | Origin / Brand | C.I. Name | C.I. Number | Chemical Class | Key Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acid Black Suede Dye (A.B.210) | American | C.I. Acid Black 210 | 300285 | Trisazo (Metal-Free) | Suede, nubuck, full grain leather |
| Acid Chocolate Brown (NR Dye) | Italian | C.I. Acid Brown 75 | - | Metal-Free Acid Dye | Finished nubuck, suede shoe uppers |
| Acid Chocolate Brown (NR Dye) | American | C.I. Acid Brown 75 | - | Metal-Free Acid Dye | Finished upholstery leather |
| Acid Dark Brown (Dark Brown) | Indian | Various | Various | Acid Dyes | Standard leather dark brown shades |
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Acid Black Suede Dye |
| C.I. Name | C.I. Acid Black 210 |
| C.I. Number | 300285 |
| CAS Number | 85223-29-6 / 99576-15-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₄H₂₅K₂N₁₁O₁₁S₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 938.0 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Trisazo Acid Dye (Metal-Free) |
| Shade | Greenish-Black |
| Physical Form | Powder |
Performance Specifications:
| Property | Rating | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Light Fastness | 4-5 (on wool) | ISO 105-B02 |
| Wash Fastness | 4-5 (on wool) | ISO 105-C06-B2S |
| Solubility | High, excellent build-up |
Key Features & Advantages:
Metal-free deep black dye
Greenish-black shade with high tinctorial strength
Excellent solubility and exhaustion properties
Superior light and wash fastness
Improved colour yield with less effluent load
Suitable for all types of shoe uppers, leather garments, upholstery and automotive leather
Can replace banned benzidine-based dyes (C.I. Direct Black 38)
Typical Applications:
Suede leather dyeing
Nubuck leather finishing
Full grain leather dyeing
Automotive and upholstery leather
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Acid Chocolate Brown (NR Dye) |
| C.I. Name | C.I. Acid Brown 75 |
| CAS Number | 6637-87-2 |
| Chemical Class | Metal-Free Acid Dye |
| Shade | Reddish Dark Brown |
| Physical Form | Powder |
| Origin | Italian (Italy) / American (USA) |
Key Features & Advantages:
Metal-free acid dye
Reddish dark brown shade for deep shades
Excellent performance on nubuck and suede
Recommended for finished nubuck and suede shoe uppers
Also suitable for finished upholstery leather
Good light fastness (rated 4.5)
Good perspiration fastness (rated 4.5)
Good washing fastness (rated 4)
Typical Applications:
Nubuck leather finishing
Suede shoe uppers
Finished upholstery leather
Leather finishing and shading
Wood stains and textile dyeing
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Acid Dark Brown (Dark Brown) |
| Origin | Indian (India) |
| Physical Form | Powder |
| Application | Leather, suede, textiles |
Key Features & Advantages:
Standard dark brown acid dye
Cost-effective solution for leather dyeing
Suitable for various leather types
Available in multiple strength variations
Typical Applications:
Leather dyeing and shading
Suede and nubuck finishing
Wool, polyamide fiber and silk dyeing
Textile applications
| Dye Type | Light Fastness | Wash Fastness | Penetration | Metal Content | Key Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acid Black 210 | 4-5 | 4-5 | Good | Metal-Free | Superior fastness, regulatory compliance |
| Acid Brown 75 | 4.5 | 4 | Good | Metal-Free | Deep brown shades, versatile |
| Acid Brown 452 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 2 (controlled) | Iron-Complex | Chromium-free alternative |
| Parameter | Recommended Value |
|---|---|
| Dye Bath Temperature | 40-55°C |
| pH Range (Acid Conditions) | 3-5 |
| Dyeing Time | 30-60 minutes |
| Acid Addition | Formic acid preferred over sulphuric acid |
| Washing | Thorough washing after dyeing |
| Parameter | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Application Method | Drum dyeing / Spray finishing | |
| Dye Concentration | 2-8% of leather weight | Depending on shade depth |
| Penetration Control | Controlled for surface shading | Avoid deep penetration |
| Water Spot Resistance | Good | Critical for nubuck/suede |
| PVC Migration | Excellent | Important for upholstery |
| Test | Standard | Typical Result | Acid Black 210 | Acid Brown 75 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Light Fastness | ISO 105-B02 | 1-8 Scale | 4-5 | 4.5 | Blue wool scale rating |
| Wash Fastness | ISO 105-C06-B2S | 1-5 Scale | 4-5 | 4 | - |
| Perspiration Fastness | - | 1-5 Scale | - | 4.5 | - |
| Water Spot Resistance | - | 1-5 Scale | 3-4 | - | 30 min test |
| PVC Migration | - | 1-5 Scale | 3-4 | - | Critical for upholstery |
| Dye Type | Compliance Status | Key Restrictions |
|---|---|---|
| Acid Black 210 | Compliant | Metal-free; can replace banned C.I. Direct Black 38 |
| Acid Brown 75 | Compliant | Metal-free; ZDHC MRSL-compliant formulations available |
| Acid Dark Brown (Indian) | Varies by supplier | Check specific product documentation |
Acid Black 210 is explicitly formulated as a metal-free dye
It has undergone systematic ecotoxicological risk assessment
Chromium-complex brown dyes face tightening REACH restrictions
Iron-complex alternatives (e.g., Acid Brown 452) offer compliant substitutes
| Reference Compound | C.I. Name | CAS Number | Formula | Molecular Weight | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acid Black 210 | C.I. 300285 | 85223-29-6 | C₃₄H₂₅K₂N₁₁O₁₁S₃ | 938.0 g/mol | Metal-free trisazo |
| Acid Brown 75 | - | 6637-87-2 | - | - | Metal-free |
| Acid Brown 452 | C.I. 20155 | 152521-14-7 | C₁₈H₁₀FeN₅NaO₈S | 535.2 g/mol | Iron(III)-complex |
| Acid Black 194 | - | 61931-02-0 | C₂₀H₁₂N₃NaO₇S | 461.38 | Calcium complex (comparator) |
| Product Description | Identified Origin | Manufacturer/Region |
|---|---|---|
| Acid Black Suede Dye (A.B.210) | American | USA (American origin indicated) |
| Acid Chocolate Brown (NR Dye) | Italian | Italy (Italian origin indicated) |
| Acid Chocolate Brown (NR Dye) | American | USA (American origin indicated) |
| Acid Dark Brown (Dark Brown) | Indian | India (Indian origin indicated) |
| Dye Type | Primary Source Regions | Key Supplier Example |
|---|---|---|
| Acid Black 210 | India | Atul Ltd (DERMAT Black NT) , Sun Colorants |
| Acid Brown 75 | India | Atul Ltd (DERMAT BROWN NR) , Krishna Industries |
| Acid Dark Brown | India | Various manufacturers in Gujarat |
Acid Dye Selection:
Acid dyes are preferred over basic dyes for goods with imperfect grain
Use formic acid instead of sulphuric acid to prevent leather degradation
Dyeing Conditions:
Dye at 40-45°C for optimal results
Ensure thorough washing after dyeing to remove loose dye
For suede applications, controlled penetration is critical
Regulatory Compliance:
Metal-free acid dyes (Acid Black 210, Acid Brown 75) are preferred for restricted substance lists
Chromium-free alternatives should be considered for sustainable supply chains
The information provided in this document is based on current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith; however, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications. The Colour Index (C.I.) names and numbers are provided as reference; actual products may vary by manufacturer. Product origins (American, Italian, Indian) are based on available supplier information and should be verified with specific suppliers for current procurement. For complete safety, application, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and product documentation provided by the manufacturer/supplier.