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Send EmailAluminum Chlorohydrate, Aluminium Hydroxychloride, Basic Aluminium Chloride, Aluminum Chloride Hydroxide, 12042-91-0
ALUMINUM CHLOROHYDRATE
Aluminium Hydroxychloride - Basic Aluminum Chloride
CAS: 12042-91-0
| CAS Number | 12042-91-0 |
| EC Number | 234-933-1 |
| Chemical Name | Aluminum Chlorohydrate |
| Synonyms | Aluminium Hydroxychloride, Basic Aluminium Chloride, Aluminum Hydroxychloride, Aluminum Chloride Hydroxide |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Aluminum Chlorohydrate |
| CAS Number | 12042-91-0 |
| EC Number | 234-933-1 |
| IUPAC Name | Aluminum;chloride;hydroxide;hydrate |
| Chemical Formula | Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2-3 H₂O |
| Molecular Weight | ~210-230 g/mol (anhydrous basis) |
| INCI Name | Aluminum Chlorohydrate |
| Synonyms | Aluminium Hydroxychloride, Basic Aluminum Chloride, Aluminum Chloride Hydroxide, Aluminum Hydroxychloride, POLYALUMINIUM CHLORIDE (PAC) |
| HS Code | 2827.32.00.00.00 |
Description: Locron® S Flakes is a highly purified, crystalline form of aluminum chlorohydrate. It is a basic aluminum chloride salt produced by the controlled reaction of aluminum with hydrochloric acid. The product is widely used as an antiperspirant active ingredient in cosmetics and as a water repellent agent in textile finishing.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Family | Aluminum Salts (Inorganic) |
| Active Ingredient | Aluminum Chlorohydrate |
| Structural Formula | [Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2H₂O]ₙ |
| Al₂O₃ Content | 43.0 – 47.0% |
| Chloride (Cl) Content | 15.0 – 17.5% |
| Al:Cl Molar Ratio | 1.9:1 to 2.1:1 |
| Water of Crystallization | 2-3 moles |
Chemical Reaction (Production):
text
Al + HCl + H₂O → Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2H₂O
Description: Aluminum chlorohydrate is a complex inorganic polymer with the general formula [Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2H₂O]ₙ. The aluminum to chloride molar ratio is typically between 1.9:1 and 2.1:1, which is critical for its antiperspirant efficacy. The product is characterized by high purity, low heavy metal content, and controlled basicity.
| Parameter | Specification | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to slightly yellowish flakes | Visual Inspection |
| Physical Form | Fine, dry crystalline flakes | Visual Inspection |
| Particle Size | 0.5 – 2.0 mm (typical) | Sieve Analysis |
| Odor | Practically odorless | Organoleptic |
| Bulk Density | 400 – 600 kg/m³ | – |
| Color | White to off-white | Visual Inspection |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are supplied as white to slightly yellowish, fine, dry crystalline flakes. The flake form provides excellent solubility and easy handling for both cosmetic and textile applications.
| Property | Specification | Typical Value | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 100 – 120°C | ~110°C | DSC |
| Density | ~1.2 g/cm³ | 1.2 g/cm³ | ASTM D792 |
| pH (10% Aqueous Solution) | 4.0 – 4.5 | 4.2 | – |
| pH (30% Aqueous Solution) | 3.8 – 4.2 | 4.0 | – |
| Solubility in Water | Readily soluble | >50 g/100 mL | – |
| Solubility in Alcohol | Slightly soluble | – | – |
| Solubility in Organic Solvents | Insoluble | – | – |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are readily soluble in water but insoluble in most organic solvents. The pH of the solution is slightly acidic (3.8-4.2), which is important for formulation stability and skin compatibility.
| Parameter | Specification | Typical Value | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Al₂O₃ Content | 43.0 – 47.0% | 44.0 – 46.0% | Titration |
| Chloride Content | 15.0 – 17.5% | 16.0 – 17.0% | Titration |
| Al:Cl Ratio | 1.9:1 – 2.1:1 | 1.95:1 – 2.05:1 | Calculation |
| pH (30% Solution) | 3.8 – 4.2 | 4.0 | pH Meter |
| Basicity (OH/Cl) | 1.0 – 1.5 | 1.2 | Calculation |
| Water of Crystallization | 2-3 moles | – | TGA |
| Loss on Drying (105°C) | ≤ 5.0% | 2.5% | – |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤ 20 ppm | <5 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 3 ppm | <1 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 50 ppm | <20 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Sulfate (SO₄) | ≤ 100 ppm | <50 ppm | Ion Chromatography |
| Total Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 200 ppm | – | – |
Description: These quality specifications represent the minimum standards for Locron® S Flakes. The Al:Cl ratio is critical for antiperspirant efficacy and skin compatibility. Low heavy metal content ensures safety for cosmetic and textile applications.
| Parameter | Description / Value |
|---|---|
| Solubility in Water | Readily soluble |
| Solution Clarity | Clear to slightly hazy |
| Solution Color | Colorless to slight yellow |
| Stability of Solutions | Stable for several weeks under proper storage |
| Compatibility with Cationic Systems | Compatible |
| Compatibility with Anionic Systems | May precipitate (formulate with care) |
| Hydrolysis on Dilution | Mild; pH may decrease slightly |
Description: Locron® S Flakes dissolve easily in water to form clear to slightly hazy solutions. Solutions are stable for extended periods under proper storage. Care should be taken when formulating with anionic systems as precipitation may occur.
| Parameter | Description / Value |
|---|---|
| Thermal Stability | Stable up to ~120°C |
| Decomposition Temperature | >150°C (decomposes to Al₂O₃ and HCl) |
| Chemical Stability | Stable under normal conditions |
| Storage Stability | At least 2 years (unopened) |
| Materials to Avoid | Strong oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis |
| Hydrolysis | Hydrolyzes on prolonged exposure to moisture |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are stable under normal storage conditions for at least 2 years. At temperatures above 150°C, it decomposes to aluminum oxide and hydrogen chloride. Prolonged exposure to moisture may cause hydrolysis.
| Application Category | Description / Function |
|---|---|
| Antiperspirant Sprays | Aerosol antiperspirant formulations |
| Antiperspirant Roll-ons | Liquid antiperspirant formulations |
| Antiperspirant Sticks | Solid stick antiperspirants |
| Antiperspirant Creams | Cream formulations for skin application |
| Deodorant Formulations | Mild deodorant effect |
| Aftershave Lotions | Mild astringent effect |
| Skin Care Products | Mild astringent, pore-tightening effect |
| Body Sprays | Light antiperspirant and deodorant effect |
Mechanism of Action:
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Active Ingredient | Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2H₂O |
| Mechanism | Forms a temporary gel-like plug in eccrine sweat ducts |
| Effect | Reduces sweat secretion by up to 50-70% |
| Onset of Action | 1-2 hours after application |
| Duration | Up to 24 hours (depending on formulation) |
| Optimal pH Range | 3.5 – 4.5 |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are widely used as the active ingredient in antiperspirant formulations. The aluminum chlorohydrate forms a temporary gel-like plug in the sweat ducts, reducing the amount of sweat reaching the skin surface. It also provides a mild deodorant effect by creating an environment less favorable for odor-causing bacteria.
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Recommended Use Level | 10 – 25% (depending on product type) |
| Spray Formulations | 10 – 15% active |
| Roll-on Formulations | 15 – 20% active |
| Stick Formulations | 20 – 25% active |
| Cream Formulations | 15 – 20% active |
| Solvent for Preparation | Water, ethanol, glycols |
| Compatible Adjuvants | Non-ionic and cationic surfactants |
| Incompatible Adjuvants | Anionic surfactants, strong bases |
| Optimal pH Range | 3.5 – 4.5 |
| Stability | Good stability between pH 3-6 |
Typical Aqueous Solution Preparation:
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Weigh required amount of Locron® S Flakes |
| 2 | Add to cold or lukewarm water (max 40°C) |
| 3 | Stir gently for 5-10 minutes until dissolved |
| 4 | Adjust pH if necessary |
| 5 | Filter if required for clarity |
Description: The recommended use level of Locron® S Flakes varies by product type. The active ingredient dissolves readily in water. Formulation with anionic surfactants should be avoided as precipitation may occur.
| Application | Description / Function |
|---|---|
| Hydrophobic Finishing | Imparts water repellency to textiles |
| Hydrophobic Dispersions | Used with waxes and paraffins |
| Hydrophilic to Hydrophobic Conversion | Converts hydrophilic textiles to hydrophobic |
| Silicone-based Finishing | Compatibility with silicone emulsions |
| Wax-based Finishing | Used with Licowax, Paraffin 48/50 |
| Water Repellent Coatings | Textile coating formulations |
Mechanism of Action (Textile):
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Function | Acts as a mordant or binder for hydrophobic finishes |
| Mechanism | Forms a film on fiber surface |
| Effect | Improves wax and paraffin fixation to fibers |
| Compatibility | Compatible with cationic and non-ionic emulsions |
| Application Method | Pad-dry-cure process |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are used as a binder/mordant for hydrophobic finishes on textiles. When combined with waxes and paraffins, it helps create high-quality hydrophobic dispersions that impart water repellency to fabrics. The aluminum compound acts as a crosslinker, fixing the hydrophobic coating to the fiber surface.
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| Dispersion Preparation | |
| Step 1 | Dissolve 67 parts Locron® S Flakes in 675 parts hot water (90-95°C) |
| Step 2 | Add 16 parts sodium acetate, mix until homogeneous |
| Step 3 | Pass the solution through a high-pressure homogenizer |
| Step 4 | Add melted wax mixture (Licowax LP 1, Paraffin 48/50, Belsil CM 020) at 90°C |
| Step 5 | Homogenize 2-3 times at 100-150 bar pressure |
| Application to Textile | |
| Step 6 | For water-repellent finishes: Use 5-10 g/L of 30% dispersion |
| Step 7 | For hydrophobic finishes: Use 50-100 g/L of 30% dispersion |
| Step 8 | Apply at room temperature with 70-90% solution pickup |
| Step 9 | Dry at 100-120°C for 60 seconds |
| Step 10 | If resin finish is used, cure at 150°C for 90 seconds after drying |
Description: The pad-dry-cure process is the standard application method for Locron® S Flakes in textile finishing. The aluminum chlorohydrate binds the hydrophobic wax/paraffin mixture to the fiber surface, creating durable water repellency.
| Application | Description / Function |
|---|---|
| Coagulation | Effective coagulant for water treatment |
| Flocculation | Flocculant for suspended solids removal |
| Drinking Water Treatment | Potable water clarification |
| Wastewater Treatment | Industrial wastewater treatment |
| Industrial Water Treatment | Process water clarification |
| Municipal Water Treatment | Municipal water purification |
Mechanism of Action (Water Treatment):
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Function | Acts as a coagulant and flocculant |
| Mechanism | Aluminum species neutralize negative charges of suspended particles |
| Effect | Aggregation and settling of suspended solids |
| Advantage | Effective over a wide pH range (5.0-8.5) |
| Dose Range | 2-20 mg/L (as Al₂O₃) |
| Comparison | More effective than alum at low temperatures |
Description: Locron® S Flakes (as Polyaluminum Chloride - PAC) is an effective coagulant for water treatment. It neutralizes the negative charges of suspended particles, causing them to aggregate and settle. It is effective over a wider pH range than conventional alum and performs well at low temperatures.
| Material | Compatibility |
|---|---|
| Licowax LP 1 | Compatible |
| Paraffin 48/50 | Compatible |
| Belsil CM 020 (Silicone) | Compatible |
| Sodium Acetate | Compatible (buffering agent) |
| Cationic Surfactants | Compatible |
| Non-ionic Surfactants | Compatible |
| Anionic Surfactants | Incompatible (may precipitate) |
| Strong Acids | Incompatible (hydrolysis) |
| Strong Bases | Incompatible (precipitation) |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are compatible with most cationic and non-ionic systems used in textile finishing. Anionic systems should be avoided as they may cause precipitation of aluminum species. The product is typically used in combination with waxes, paraffins, and silicones for hydrophobic finishes.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Water Temperature | Cold to lukewarm (max 40°C recommended) |
| Dissolution Time | 5-10 minutes with gentle stirring |
| Solution Appearance | Clear to slightly hazy |
| Maximum Solubility | >50 g/100 mL water |
| Solution pH (10%) | 4.0 – 4.5 |
| Solution pH (30%) | 3.8 – 4.2 |
| Stability of 10% Solution | Several weeks under proper storage |
| Stability of 30% Solution | Several days; dilution recommended for long-term storage |
Description: Locron® S Flakes dissolve readily in water. Solution preparation is straightforward and can be done with cold or lukewarm water. For textile applications, hot water (90-95°C) is used to facilitate wax incorporation. Higher concentration solutions have a shorter stability period.
| Certificate / Standard | Status / Compliance |
|---|---|
| Cosmetics | |
| EU Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009 | Compliant (INCI: Aluminum Chlorohydrate) |
| FDA OTC Monograph | Approved for antiperspirant use |
| US Cosmetics Regulation | 21 CFR Part 350 - Antiperspirant active |
| Japan Cosmetics Regulation | Approved |
| Water Treatment | |
| US EPA | Approved for drinking water treatment |
| EU Drinking Water Directive | Compliant |
| Textile | |
| OEKO-TEX | Certified (select grades) |
| GOTS | Approved (select grades) |
| General | |
| REACH (EC 1907/2006) | Registered and compliant |
| TSCA (USA) | Listed |
| EINECS (EU) | 234-933-1 |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are approved for use in cosmetics, water treatment, and textile applications worldwide. It is listed in major chemical inventories and complies with relevant regulations. For specific certifications (OEKO-TEX, GOTS), please confirm with the manufacturer for the specific grade.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50) | > 2000 mg/kg (rat) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Low toxicity |
| Skin Irritation | Non-irritating under normal use |
| Eye Irritation | May cause mild irritation |
| Skin Sensitization | Non-sensitizing |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Not classified |
| Reproductive Toxicity | Not classified (at use levels) |
| Inhalation | Dust may cause respiratory irritation |
| Aluminium Absorption | Minimal under normal use conditions |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are considered safe for use in cosmetic and industrial applications. The product has low systemic toxicity and is not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic. Under normal use conditions, aluminum absorption through the skin is minimal.
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Skin Contact | Generally non-irritating; wash with soap and water |
| Eye Contact | May cause irritation; rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes |
| Inhalation | Avoid inhalation of dust; use dust mask (N95) |
| Ingestion | Not expected to be harmful in small amounts; seek medical attention if large amounts are swallowed |
| Ventilation | Use with adequate general ventilation |
| Gloves | Nitrile or rubber gloves recommended |
| Eye Protection | Safety goggles recommended |
| Clothing | Standard work clothing |
Description: Standard industrial hygiene practices should be followed when handling Locron® S Flakes. Dust formation should be minimized to avoid respiratory irritation. In case of eye contact, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Small Spills | Sweep or vacuum up using appropriate equipment |
| Large Spills | Collect, contain, and dispose of properly |
| Avoid | Do not wash into drains or water sources |
| Disposal | Dispose of in accordance with local, state, federal, and international regulations |
| Environmental Classification | Not classified as hazardous waste under RCRA |
| Biodegradability | Inorganic material - not applicable |
Description: Locron® S Flakes are not classified as hazardous waste. Spills should be collected mechanically to prevent dissolution and contamination of water sources. Do not flush into drainage systems or water courses.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | Ambient (15 – 30°C) |
| Storage Conditions | Cool, dry, well-ventilated area |
| Moisture | Keep away from moisture; store in tightly closed containers |
| Heat Sources | Avoid direct heat and sunlight |
| Shelf Life (Unopened) | Minimum 2 years |
| Shelf Life (Opened) | Use within 6 months of opening |
| Signs of Degradation | Caking, discoloration, reduced solubility |
| Packaging Material | Multi-layer kraft paper bags with PE liner |
Description: Locron® S Flakes should be stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture and direct sunlight. The product remains stable for at least 2 years when stored properly in unopened containers. After opening, the product should be used within 6 months to ensure optimal performance.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Biodegradability | Inorganic material - not applicable |
| Persistence | Persistent (inorganic) |
| Bioaccumulation Potential | Low |
| Ecotoxicity (Aquatic) | Moderate - may affect aquatic organisms at high concentrations |
| Soil Mobility | Mobile in acidic soils |
| Water Hazard Classification | WGK 1 (slightly water hazardous) |
| VOC Content | Not applicable |
Description: Locron® S Flakes is an inorganic compound and is not biodegradable. It is considered to have low bioaccumulation potential. At high concentrations, it may affect aquatic organisms. The product should not be discharged into water sources without proper treatment.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Standard Packaging | 25 kg multi-layer kraft paper bags with PE liner |
| Bulk Packaging | 500 – 1000 kg big-bags |
| Storage in Bulk | Temperature-controlled warehouse recommended |
| Labeling | Product code, batch number, net weight, safety warnings |
| Industry | Suitability | Primary Functions |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmetics | Excellent (INCI) | Antiperspirant, deodorant, astringent |
| Textile | Excellent | Water repellent, hydrophobic finish binder |
| Water Treatment | Good | Coagulant, flocculant |
| Personal Care | Excellent | Skin care, antiperspirant formulations |
| Pharmaceutical | Limited | Astringent, topical formulations |
| Paper | Limited | Sizing agent, filler |
| Synonym | Description |
|---|---|
| Aluminum Chlorohydrate | Most common name |
| Aluminium Hydroxychloride | Chemical name |
| Basic Aluminum Chloride | Chemical name |
| Aluminum Chloride Hydroxide | Chemical name |
| PAC (Polyaluminum Chloride) | Water treatment grade |
| Al₂(OH)₅Cl·2H₂O | Chemical formula |
| Locron® S Flakes | Trade name (Clariant) |
| ACH | Abbreviation |
| Certificate / Standard | Status |
|---|---|
| ISO 9001:2015 | Certified manufacturing sites |
| REACH (EC 1907/2006) | Registered and compliant |
| EU Cosmetics Regulation | Compliant (INCI listed) |
| FDA OTC Monograph | Approved for antiperspirant use |
| OEKO-TEX | Available (select grades) |
| Halal / Kosher | Available upon request |
Disclaimer: This Technical Data Sheet provides typical values for reference purposes only. All values are based on standard laboratory measurements and do not constitute a binding specification. For binding properties, please request the Certificate of Analysis (COA) for each specific batch. The user is solely responsible for determining product suitability for their intended application and for compliance with all applicable regulations. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) must be requested from the supplier before use.