Bismuth, Bismuth Metal, Bismuth Ingot, 7440-69-9

BISMUTH METAL (BISMUTH)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

    Bismuth Metal (Bi)
    
    Rhombohedral Crystal Structure
    
         Bi  Bi  Bi
           \ | /
         Bi—Bi—Bi
           / | \
         Bi  Bi  Bi
    
    Rhombohedral Crystal Structure
    (Forms Rainbow-Colored Oxide Layer)

Molecular Formula: Bi (Elemental)
Crystal Structure: Rhombohedral
Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³
Oxidation States: +3, +5 (primary)
Magnetic Properties: Diamagnetic

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF BISMUTH AND RELATED METALS

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Smelting and Refining (Most Common)

• Process: Bismuth ore → Roasting → Smelting → Refining → Pure bismuth

• Description: Bismuth ore (bismuthinite - Bi₂S₃, bismite - Bi₂O₃) is roasted and smelted; Slag is separated; Pure bismuth is obtained; Most common industrial production method

Method 2: Electrolytic Refining

• Process: Crude bismuth → Electrolysis → Pure bismuth

• Reaction: Bi³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Bi (deposition at cathode)

• Description: Crude bismuth is used as anode; Pure bismuth is deposited on cathode; Produces high-purity bismuth (99.99%+)

Method 3: Cementation Method

• Process: Bismuth salt solution → Iron precipitation → Pure bismuth

• Reaction: 2Bi³⁺ + 3Fe → 2Bi + 3Fe²⁺

• Description: Iron is added to bismuth salt solution; Bismuth is precipitated; Industrial applications

Method 4: Recycling

• Process: Bismuth-containing waste → Recycling → Bismuth recovery

• Description: Bismuth is recovered from industrial waste containing bismuth; Sustainable production method

SECTION 6: BISMUTH GRADES AND TYPES

SECTION 7: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 8: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 9: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (PURE BISMUTH METAL)

SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 11: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Note: Bismuth metal is generally considered non-hazardous. However, fine dust may cause mechanical irritation.

Signal Word: No signal word required (non-hazardous) or WARNING (optional)

Hazard Pictograms: GHS07 (optional)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes) - if classified:

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 12: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 13: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 14: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 15: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 16: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 17: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Non-hazardous material but fine dust may cause respiratory tract irritation.

• Non-combustible. Does not burn. Stable at high temperatures.

• Low melting point (271.4°C). Exercise caution during melting operations.

• Non-toxic. Safe alternative to toxic heavy metals like lead.

• Brittle and soft. Handle with care during processing.

• Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and halogens.

• Rainbow-colored oxide layer forms; used in decorative applications.

• Hygiene Requirement: Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Medical Applications: Use bismuth subsalicylate and other bismuth compounds for stomach disorder treatment; Radiopaque agent for X-ray imaging; Safe medical use due to non-toxicity.

• Low-Melting Alloys: Use bismuth in lead-free solder alloys; Fire sprinkler systems (Wood's metal, Rose metal); Low-temperature melting alloys.

• Thermoelectric Applications: Use bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃) as thermoelectric material; Convert heat to electricity; Thermoelectric coolers; Energy generation.

• Cosmetics and Pigments: Use bismuth oxide in cosmetic products; Pigments and ceramic glazes; Flame retardants.

• Art and Decoration: Create decorative objects with bismuth crystals; Rainbow-colored oxide layer; Jewelry; Aesthetic appearance.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust generation; Wear protective gloves and safety goggles (if dust).

• Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, protective clothing, protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene), NIOSH-approved dust mask (if dust).

• Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using.

• Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture; Keep away from oxidizing agents, acids, and halogens.

• Spill Response: Avoid dust generation; Vacuum or sweep; Place in closed containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Bismuth is recyclable; Recycle where possible.

SPECIAL NOTE ON RAINBOW-COLORED OXIDE LAYER:

Bismuth is famous for its colorful oxide layer:

• Oxide Layer: Bi₂O₃ (bismuth trioxide)

• Colors: Rainbow colors (blue, green, yellow, orange, red)

• Thickness: Varies depending on light interference

• Application: Decorative objects; Jewelry; Art pieces

• Precaution: Oxide layer is fragile; Handle with care

SPECIAL NOTE ON BISMUTH AS LEAD SUBSTITUTE:

Bismuth is the safest alternative to lead:

• Toxicity: Bismuth low toxicity; Lead high toxicity

• Lead-Free Solder: Bismuth-containing solder alloys

• Hunting: Lead-free bullets and shot

• Environment: Environmentally friendly; Recyclable

• Applications: Plumbing; Food packaging; Medical devices

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.