Metallic Manganese, Manganese Metal, Pure Manganese, 7439-96-5

METALLIC MANGANESE (MANGANESE METAL)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

    Metallic Manganese (Mn)
    
    Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Crystal Structure
    
         Mn  Mn  Mn  Mn
           \  |  /  |
            Mn Mn Mn Mn
           /  |  \  |
         Mn  Mn  Mn  Mn
    
    Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Crystal Structure
    Paramagnetic Properties

Molecular Formula: Mn (Elemental)
Crystal Structure: Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)
Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
Oxidation States: +2, +3, +4, +6, +7 (primary)
Magnetic Properties: Paramagnetic

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF MANGANESE AND RELATED METALS

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Aluminothermic Method (Goldschmidt Process)

• Reaction: 3MnO₂ + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al₂O₃ (at high temperature)

• Description: Manganese oxide (MnO₂) is reacted with aluminum powder; Exothermic reaction produces manganese metal; High-purity manganese is obtained (99.5%+); Used for specialized applications

Method 2: Electrolytic Method (Most Common)

• Process: Manganese ore → Manganese sulfate → Electrolysis → Pure manganese

• Reaction: Mn²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Mn (deposition at cathode)

• Description: Manganese ore is processed to obtain manganese sulfate solution; Pure manganese deposits on cathode through electrolysis; High-purity manganese (99.9%+) is obtained; Most common industrial production method

Method 3: Silicothermic Method

• Reaction: MnO₂ + Si → Mn + SiO₂ (at high temperature)

• Description: Manganese oxide is reacted with silicon; Manganese metal is formed; Used for ferromanganese alloy production

Method 4: Ferromanganese Production (Blast Furnace)

• Process: Manganese ore + Iron ore → Blast furnace → Ferromanganese alloy

• Description: Manganese and iron ores are smelted in a blast furnace; Ferromanganese alloy (75-80% Mn) is obtained; Widely used in steel industry

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE)

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Signal Word: DANGER

Hazard Pictograms: GHS08 (Health Hazard), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (H372). Manganism (nervous system damage) may develop. Minimize exposure.

• May cause an allergic skin reaction (H317). Avoid skin contact.

• Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects (H411). Prevent environmental release.

• Non-combustible but powder form may be combustible.

• Dust/fume inhalation may cause manganism (Parkinson-like symptoms).

• Prolonged exposure may cause lung damage.

• Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, halogens, acids, and moisture.

• Hygiene Requirement: Contaminated clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Steel Industry: Use in stainless steel and high-strength steel production; Provides hardness and durability; Increases corrosion resistance; As deoxidizing and sulfur-removing agent.

• Battery Technology: Use as cathode material in lithium-ion and alkaline batteries; Manganese dioxide (MnO₂) in battery production; Increases energy density.

• Aluminum Alloys: Use as strength enhancer; Lightweight and durable materials; Automotive and aerospace applications.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods; Avoid dust generation; Wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective goggles, face shield, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Wear impermeable gloves (nitrile, neoprene), chemical safety goggles, full-face shield, protective clothing, and NIOSH-approved dust mask/respirator.

• Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not take contaminated working clothes home; Shower at the end of the work shift.

• Storage: Store in tightly closed, properly labeled containers in dry conditions; Keep away from oxidizing agents, halogens, and acids; Store in dry, well-ventilated area; Store locked up.

• Spill Response: Avoid raising dust; Wear full PPE; Sweep spilled substance into covered containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways; Place in properly labeled closed containers.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Do not discharge into sewers or water sources; Manganese is regulated as hazardous waste.

SPECIAL NOTE ON MANGANISM:

Manganism is a health condition caused by prolonged manganese exposure:

• Symptoms: Parkinson-like symptoms (tremor, gait disorders, muscle stiffness); Mood changes; Cognitive impairment

• Source: Prolonged inhalation of manganese dust or fumes

• Prevention: Appropriate respiratory protection; Dust control; Regular health check-ups

• Treatment: Cessation of exposure; Symptomatic treatment

SPECIAL NOTE ON MANGANESE'S ROLE IN STEEL:

Manganese is a critical element in steel production:

• Strength: Increases hardness and durability

• Corrosion Resistance: Enhances corrosion resistance in stainless steels

• Deoxidation: Removes oxygen to improve steel quality

• Sulfur Removal: Binds sulfur to prevent hot shortness

• Rolled Steels: Provides hardness and wear resistance

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.